1000 resultados para Composição Corporal
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Body composition has fundamental importance in the quality of life and is a powerful predictor of mortality and morbidity in humans. The identification and monitoring of the amount of body fat have been receiving special attention in aspects related to health promotion, not just for its actions in the prevention and in the control of cardiovascular diseases but also for their induction and association with risk factors, especially in the plasmatic lipid levels and arterial pressure. It was investigated the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (%BF) by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) with the blood pressure levels (systolic and diastolic) and serum lipids (TC, HDL-c, LDL-c, VLDL-c, TG). In a group of fifty seven women (aged 18 to 26 years old ), obesity was detected in 5 and 19 women by BMI (≥ 30 kg/m2) and %BF (≥ 30%), respectively. BMI and % BF were positively correlated with blood pressure (systolic and diastolic), and highly significant in the obese group by %BF. Moreover, BMI and % BF were significantly correlated with all lipids and lipoprotein fractions VLDL-c and triglyceride, respectively. These results suggest that %BF is a good indicator of “occult obesity” in subjects with normal body mass index. The associated use of BMI and %BF to better evaluate obesity may improve the study of blood pressure levels and serum lipid changes that are commonly associated with obesity.
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The use of stable isotopes in Brazil is being improved, mainly through research conducted at main universities in the country. Some applications in health allow to studying, for example, processes involving synthesis and protein degradation, energy expenditure, body composition, kinetics of vitamins, mineral absorption and diagnose diseases related to Helicobacter pylori. The big motivation is to encourage the growth of investments in health in the few centers that have mass spectrometers in Brazil, as the technique is harmless to humans, in other words, no has problems to use it like when you use radioactive isotopes
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A natação é um esporte praticado em meio líquido o que a torna muito dependente da técnica do nadador, pelo fato de apresentar maior resistência quando comparado com o meio terrestre. A força muscular, composição corporal e a técnica do nado são alguns fatores determinantes para a melhora do desempenho esportivo do atleta. Sendo assim, a capacidade de gerar força propulsiva e minimizar a resistência ao meio líquido são altamente influenciadoras do desempenho nesta modalidade. Um dos principais músculos utilizados na propulsão da braçada do nado crawl é o tríceps braquial o qual é responsável pela extensão do cotovelo. O nível de força dos membros dominante e não dominante também pode influenciar no desequilíbrio muscular dos nadadores e consequentemente na propulsão do atleta. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a reprodutibilidade de pico de torque (PT) durante as contrações isométrica e isocinética concêntrica em diferentes velocidades do músculo tríceps braquial nos membros dominante e não dominante em nadadores. Participaram do estudo nadadores velocistas e meio fundistas do gênero masculino, com idade entre 18 e 28 anos, com experiência no mínimo de 3 anos na modalidade. Os voluntários foram solicitados a comparecer no laboratório em 3 ocasiões em dias diferentes. Primeiramente para obter as medidas antropométricas (massa, estatura, envergadura e dobras cutâneas) e logo em seguida foi feita a familiarização ao teste isométrico e isocinético no dinamômetro. Nas próximas visitas os atletas realizaram no dinamômetro isocinético, o teste máximo para determinação do PT da contração isométrica e isocinéticas concêntricas em diferentes velocidades. O procedimento foi realizado duas vezes em dias diferentes. O teste para determinação do PT isométrico e isocinético foi realizado de forma aleatória... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
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The aim of this study was to investigate whether aerobic capacity (VO2max) would be modified by antihypertensive therapy in elderly and middle-age women after 12 weeks of exercise training. The volunteers were divided in two groups: normotensive (n=14) and hypertensive (n=14). Aerobic exercise was performed for 3 days/week, during 60 minutes, for 12 weeks with an intensity of 50-70% rest heart hate. Anthropometric parameters (weight and height), body fat index, % of fat mass, cardiopulmonary evaluation to calculated VO2max and a cardiovascular evaluation with blood pressure and rest heart hate were evaluated at baseline and after training program. At the end of study abdominal circumference and Borg scale were also evaluated. Our findings showed the aerobic program of 12 weeks was effective to reduce diastolic blood pressure in both groups. Systolic blood pressure was reduced only hypertensive group. No evidences were found the aerobic capacity was affected by hypertensive therapies. In conclusion, the aerobic program for 12 weeks was effective to reduce blood pressure and there was no influence of antihypertensive therapy on the aerobic capacity in this particular population.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FCAV
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FCAV
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Aerobic exercise has been suggested as a non-pharmacological treatment for hypertension, and the previous paper of this set demonstrated some of the physiological responses induced by exercise. It has been shown an increment on expenditures for appropriate hypertension management in both, public and private services, which reinforces the inclusion of preventive programs to reduce healthcare costs. However, little is known about physical exercise cost-effectiveness for hypertensive patients. There are several interventions like a simple doctor/dietitian counselling in order to change life style, wed-based nutrition program, pharmacological treatment and assisted or non-assisted physical exercise program that evaluate the costs savings. We have shown that regular exercise (combined or not with another diet counselling and antihypertensive treatment) may effectively contribute to reduce the health care costs (up to -38%). Also, we have shown that exercise improves body composition and lipid profile which are important risk factors to development of cardiovascular disease. So, exercise can lead to significant reduction in blood pressure medication use and, therefore, it causes cost savings, justifying the implementation of exercise programs in all healthcare units.
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Pós-graduação em Fisioterapia - FCT
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Pós-graduação em Fisioterapia - FCT