The collaborative P-GRADE grid portal

Grid portals are increasingly used to provide uniform access to the grid infrastructure. This paper describes how the P-GRADE Grid Portal could be used in a collaborative manner to facilitate group work and support the notion of Virtual Organisations. We describe the development issues involved in the construction of a collaborative portal, including ensuring a consistent view between participants of a collaborative workflow and management of proxy credentials to allow separate nodes of the workflow to be submitted to different grids.

An ECOOP web portal for visualising and comparing distributed coastal oceanography model and in situ data

As part of a large European coastal operational oceanography project (ECOOP), we have developed a web portal for the display and comparison of model and in situ marine data. The distributed model and in situ datasets are accessed via an Open Geospatial Consortium Web Map Service (WMS) and Web Feature Service (WFS) respectively. These services were developed independently and readily integrated for the purposes of the ECOOP project, illustrating the ease of interoperability resulting from adherence to international standards. The key feature of the portal is the ability to display co-plotted timeseries of the in situ and model data and the quantification of misfits between the two. By using standards-based web technology we allow the user to quickly and easily explore over twenty model data feeds and compare these with dozens of in situ data feeds without being concerned with the low level details of differing file formats or the physical location of the data. Scientific and operational benefits to this work include model validation, quality control of observations, data assimilation and decision support in near real time. In these areas it is essential to be able to bring different data streams together from often disparate locations.

Comparative Genetic Diversity of Wild and Captive Populations of the Bare-Faced Curassow (Crax fasciolata) Based on Cross-Species Microsatellite Markers: Implications for Conservation and Management

The bare-faced curassow (Crax fasciolata) is a large Neotropical bird that suffers anthropogenic pressure across much of its range. A captive population is maintained for conservation management, although there has been no genetic screening of stocks. Based on the six microsatellite markers developed for Crax globulosa, the genetic variability of C. fasciolata and possible differences between a wild and a captive population were investigated. Only three loci were polymorphic, with a total of 27 alleles. More than half of these alleles were private to the wild (n = 8) or captive (n = 7) populations. Significant deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were restricted to the captive population. Despite the number of private alleles, genetic drift has probably promoted differentiation between populations. Our results indicate that wild C. fasciolata populations are genetically impoverished and structured, but species-specific microsatellite markers will be necessary for a more reliable assessment of the species` genetic diversity.

CONSIDERATIONS ON THE REINTRODUCTION AND RECOVERY OF THE ALAGOAS CURASSOW MITU MITU (LINNAEUS, 1766) FROM EXTINCTION USING A POTENTIALLY HYBRID CAPTIVE STOCK

The Alagoas Curassow Mitu mitu is considered extinct in the wild. Since 1979, two females and a male caught in the wild have bred successfully in captivity, and, in 1990, hybridizations between M. mitu and Razor-billed Mitu M. tuberosum were performed. By June 2008, there were around 130 living birds in two different aviaries. We sequenced two regions of the mitochondrial DNA of both captive stocks of Alagoas Curassows. We unequivocally identified hybrids that have haplotype typical of M. tuberosum. However, unless the original studbook can be recovered there is no confident way to discriminate ""pure"" M. mitu birds for breeding and reintroduction purposes. Allied with morphological data gathered in an independent study, we suggest that conservation actions need to focus on specimens with diagnostic phenotypic characters of M. mitu, and avoid birds with mitochondria, genetic contribution of M. tuberosum. Although we have detected low levels of genetic variability among captive birds, the steady increase of the captive population suggests that inbreeding depression and hybridization are not a reproductive hindrance. Reintroduction of some of these potential hybrid birds in the original area of occurrence of the Alagoas Curassow may be the only hope to fill in the ecological niche left vacant. An educational program involving local communities to conserve future reintroduction of curassows and their restored habitat is highly recommended. Accepted 12 November 2009.

Patterns of oocyte development in natural habitat and captive Salminus hilarii Valenciennes, 1850 (Teleostei: Characidae)

Fecundity and oocyte development in Salminus hilarii female brood stock were analyzed with the aim of investigating the impact of migration impediment on oogenesis. Histological analyses of the ovaries were performed in adult females caught in two different environments-the TietA(a) River (natural) and captivity-and the gonadossomatic index, oocyte diameter and fecundity determined. Five germ cell development stages (oogonium, perinucleolar, cortical alveoli, vitellogenic, ripe) and two other structures (postovulatory follicles and atretic oocytes) were observed in females caught in the river. Captive animals lacked the ripe oocytes and postovulatory follicles and had a relatively higher number of atretic oocytes. Females in captivity are known to produce larger oocytes, and they release fewer eggs in each spawn (absolute fecundity) when compared with animals that are able to migrate. Our results suggest that the TietA(a) River is undergoing alterations which are being reflected in the reproductive performance of S. hilarii, mainly due to the presence of atretic oocytes in females caught in the river. The lack of postovulatory follicles and ripe oocytes in captive animals reveals that migratory impediment negatively impacts final oocyte maturation. However, the stage of maturation reached is adequate for ovulation induction with hormone manipulation.

Ablation of primary afferent neurons by neonatal capsaicin treatment reduces the susceptibility of the portal hypertensive gastric mucosa to ethanol-induced injury in cirrhotic rats

Primary sensory afferent neurons modulate the hyperdynamic circulation in Cirrhotic rats with portal hypertension.The stomach of cirrhotic rats is prone to damage induced by ethanol, a phenomenon associated with reduced gastric hyperemic response to acid-back diffusion. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of ablation of capsaicin-sensitive neurons and the tachykinin NK(1) receptor antagonist A5330 on the susceptibility of the portal hypertensive gastric mucosa, to ethanol-induced injury and its effects on gastric cyclooxygenase (COX) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) mRNA expression. Capsaicin was administered to neonatal, male, Wistar rats and the animals were allowed to grow. Cirrhosis was then induced by bile duct ligation in adult rats while controls had sham operation. Ethanol-induced gastric damage was assessed using ex vivo gastric chamber experiments. Gastric blood flow was measured as well as COX/NOS mRNA expression. Topical application of ethanol produced significant gastric damage in cirrhotic rats compared to controls, which was reversed in capsaicin- and A5330-treated animals. Mean arterial and portal pressure was normalized in capsaicin-treated cirrhotic rats. Capsaicin and A5330 administration restored gastric blood flow responses to topical application of ethanol followed by acid in cirrhotic rats. Differential COX and NOS mRNA expression was noted in bile duct ligated rats relative to controls. Capsaicin treatment significantly modified gastric eNOS/iNOS/COX-2 mRNA expression in cirrhotic rats. Capsaicin-sensitive neurons modulate the susceptibility of the portal hypertensive gastric mucosa to injury induced by ethanol via tachykinin NK(1) receptors and signalling of prostaglandin and NO production/release. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

GIS-portal - Utredning och design av GIS-portal ochingående tjänst åt Vägverket

Denna rapport presenterar ett examensarbete på D-nivå där uppdragsgivaren har varit WM-data Consulting och kunden Vägverket Produktion.Vägverket har ett antal olika applikationer för geografisk information som ligger utspridda på företagets hemsida . För att samla alla applikationer på ett och samma ställe fick vi i uppdrag att göra en grundläggande utredning av en GIS-portal. Denna portal ska fungera som en enhetlig ingång där kartdata samkörs och visualiseras. Ytterligare en del i uppdraget var att utreda vad som borde förändras och förbättras i den redan existerande tjänsten Beläggning på vägarna. Denna tjänst kommer att fungera som en testapplikation för GIS-portalen.Målen med examensarbetet var att utreda vilka krav som finns på en GIS-portal och applikationen Beläggning på vägarna samt att beskriva de önskemål som finns på dessa. Ett designförslag och en funktionsbeskrivning arbetades fram för både tjänsten Beläggning på vägarna och för GIS-portalen. Utredningen kommer att ligga till grund för utveckling av en GIS-portal samt fortsatt utveckling och förbättringar av tjänsten Beläggning på vägarna.För att komma fram till ett resultat har vi använt oss av ett antal teorier om IT-tjänster, systemarkitektur och användbarhet. Förutom dessa teorier har även de intervjuer som utförts spelat en stor roll för vårt arbete. Vi har lagt en bra grund för Vägverket att fortsätta arbetet med utveckling av en GIS-portal och tjänsten Beläggning på vägarna.

Atributos favoráveis à motivação para visitação de um site : estudo de um portal educacional

Esta pesquisa tem como foco principal os atributos favoráveis à motivação de uso de um site, especificamente um portal educacional. Concentra-se no levantamento de atributos usuais para a construção de sites na Internet, sendo primeiramente levantados em bibliografias e, paralelamente, junto a profissionais responsáveis pela construção de um portal educacional para o mercado brasileiro. Com a definição dos atributos mais importantes, buscou-se a constatação de seu uso em três portais educacionais, dois deles concorrentes ao portal estudado, por meio do uso da ferramenta de benchmarking. Com os dados sobre os atributos, partiu-se para a fase de avaliação de tais atributos com usuários finais de um portal educacional, para a verificação se tais atributos eram relevantes na busca e uso de tal site. A pesquisa concentrou-se em um grupo fechado de respondentes, por serem efetivos usuários do portal educacional e poderem, com suas respostas, colaborar de forma significativa para o avanço da pesquisa. Os resultados obtidos revelam importantes considerações sobre a construção de sites – especificamente portais educacionais – mas por serem atributos gerais podem formar uma base para analise de outros sites em construção.

O envolvimento do óxido nítrico na hipertensão portal : ação da quercetina

Este estudo foi realizado em ratos machos Wistar, nos quais foram investigados os efeitos do flavonóide quercetina sobre a hipertensão portal, o dano oxidativo, a atividade das enzimas antioxidantes, a produção de óxido nítrico avaliada por seus metabólitos: nitratos(NO3) e nitritos (NO2) em fígado e estômago. Analisou-se ainda a histologia do fígado e do estômago através das técnicas de hematoxilina/eosina e picrosirius. Foram estabelecidos 4 grupos experimentais: SO (sham-operated)-controle, no qual foi simulada a ligadura parcial de veia porta (LPVP); SO administrado com quercetina (Q); grupo com ligadura parcial de veia porta (LPVP) e o grupo LPVP Q que foi ligado e recebe quercetina. A Q foi administrada por via intraperitoneal (i.p.) na dose de 50 mg/Kg de peso corporal, 7 dias após a ligadura até ao 14º dia pós-operatório. No 15º dia, foi aferida a pressão portal (mmHg) constatando-se aumento significativo nos LPVP e diminuição significativa nos LPVP Q. Através da análise histológica dos tecidos hepáticos e do estômago, foi observado que, no estômago, os animais LPVP apresentaram sinais de edema e vasodilatação; enquanto que os LPVP Q mantiveram aspecto normal. Os resultados da lipoperoxidação (LPO), avaliada pelas substâncias reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARS) e quimiluminescência (QL), demonstraram redução próximo de 40% do grupo LPVP Q comparado com o grupo LPVP, sendo seus valores semelhantes aos valores dos SO, tanto no fígado como no estômago. Quanto às enzimas antioxidantes, foi observado, no estômago, aumento na atividade da Catalase (CAT) no grupo LPVP, enquanto que, no fígado, a atividade da SOD e CAT estão aumentadas no grupo LPVP Q. Na avaliação dos metabólitos do NO, observou-se que a relação nitratos e nitritos no estômago foi mais elevada nos LPVP, e que a quercetina diminuiu essa relação, apresentando valores semelhantes aos do grupo SO. No fígado, essa relação aumentou no grupo SO, sendo indiferenciada nos LPVP e LPVP Q. Esses resultados apontam que a Quercetina pode diminuir a pressão portal e, indiretamente, a circulação hiperdinâmica característica desse modelo experimental, reduzindo o dano oxidativo encontrado nos animais do grupo LPVP tanto no estômago como no fígado, incrementando a atividade das enzimas antioxidantes, protegendo-os. Assim, a partir dessas constatações, pode-se sugerir um efeito benéfico da quercetina neste protocolo experimental.

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