Teste de um modelo preditor de satisfação com a vida em adultos idosos

Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao ISPA - Instituto Universitário

Estudos preliminares de cinco cultivares de amendoim em Vilhena e Ouro Preto D'Oeste, Estado de Rondônia

Foram instalados dois ensaios de amendoim (Arachis hipogaea. L.), um no município de Ouro Preto D'Oeste e outro em Vilhena, testando o comportamento de cinco cultivares de tipos diferentes (Tatu, Altika, Makap, Penapolis e VC-42) de procedências diferentes. 0 delineamento utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados com 4 repetições (Ouro Preto D'0es-te) e 5 repetições (Vilhena) . Os resultados mostraram que há viabilidade de cultivo de amendoim do tipo Spanish e Virginia em dois municípios testados, e a sua produtividade foi maior no ensaio de Ouro Prelo D'Oeste (2.235 a 2.677 kg/ha de grãos) em relação a de Vilhena (1.060 a 2.220 kg/ha de grãos), provável conseqüência da melhor fertilidade do solo, devido ao cultivo realizado em capoeira de 3 anos recém-desmaiada.

Propuestas técnicas para el cultivo ecológico de manzana

Ante la creciente necesidad de puesta a punto de técnicas de cultivo de manzano en agricultura ecológica (AE), el IRTA (Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries) de Cataluña y el SERIDA (Servicio Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario) de Asturias han aunado esfuerzos para estudiar los puntos críticos de la producción y proponer soluciones técnicas al sector productor. Las investigaciones que se presentan se han centrado en el estudio de la adaptación a las condiciones locales de variedades resistentes y de algunas de las principales variedades comerciales, en la evaluación de técnicas de control del moteado y del pulgón ceniciento, en el desarrollo de itinerarios prácticos para reducir la alternancia de cosechas y obtener frutos de buen calibre y calidad, y en el manejo de cubiertas arvenses para limitar la competencia de la vegetación espontánea y propiciar la conservación de los enemigos naturales y el control biológico de las plagas. Se trata, en definitiva, de disponer de alternativas de manejo que permitan obtener una manzana de la máxima calidad producida de manera respetuosa con el medio ambiente y la salud, en el marco de una orientación agroecológica. A la vista de los resultados, se muestra que la producción ecológica de manzana es factible, aunque será necesario seguir profundizando en la optimización del sistema de producción.

Aplicació per a un hotel SPA (.NET)

Treball final de carrera que consisteix en un software per a un hotel SPA que ha de gestionar les seves activitats i peticions. El programari està implementat en .NET (WPF i WCF).

Proyecto final carrera ETIG Hotel SPA

El proyecto consiste en desarrollar un software para la gestión de los servicios que ofrece un Hotel Spa.Por un lado, un software con el que los clientes podrán interactuar para la petición de servicios al hotel. Estas peticiones de servicios son: -Peticiones servicios de habitaciones (incidencias, peticiones de material, servicio despertador, servicio limpieza, etc.) -Reservar un recurso (salas de reunión, pistas de deportes, etc.) -Planificar actividades realizadas en el recinto del hotel (gimnasio, masajista, conferencias, audiciones, espectáculos musicales, etc.)Y por otro lado el software necesario para gestionar estas peticiones que estará a la disposición de los encargados del hotel.El nombre de la aplicación es: eHotelSPANet.Para el desarrollo del software se utilizarán las herramientas de Microsoft usando la tecnología .NET, concretamente: -WPF (Windows Presentation Foundation). -WCF (Windows Communications Foundation) SQL Server 2008

Aplicació Microsoft .Net : Hotel Spa

Desenvolupament d'una aplicació amb Microsoft .NET, WCF, WPF, Linq2SQL, d'un Hotel Spa.

Alcohol attributable burden of incidence of cancer in eight European countries based on results from prospective cohort study.

Objective To compute the burden of cancer attributable to current and former alcohol consumption in eight European countries based on direct relative risk estimates from a cohort study. Design Combination of prospective cohort study with representative population based data on alcohol exposure. Setting Eight countries (France, Italy, Spain, United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Greece, Germany, Denmark) participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Participants 109 118 men and 254 870 women, mainly aged 37-70. Main outcome measures Hazard rate ratios expressing the relative risk of cancer incidence for former and current alcohol consumption among EPIC participants. Hazard rate ratios combined with representative information on alcohol consumption to calculate alcohol attributable fractions of causally related cancers by country and sex. Partial alcohol attributable fractions for consumption higher than the recommended upper limit (two drinks a day for men with about 24 g alcohol, one for women with about 12 g alcohol) and the estimated total annual number of cases of alcohol attributable cancer. Results If we assume causality, among men and women, 10% (95% confidence interval 7 to 13%) and 3% (1 to 5%) of the incidence of total cancer was attributable to former and current alcohol consumption in the selected European countries. For selected cancers the figures were 44% (31 to 56%) and 25% (5 to 46%) for upper aerodigestive tract, 33% (11 to 54%) and 18% (−3 to 38%) for liver, 17% (10 to 25%) and 4% (−1 to 10%) for colorectal cancer for men and women, respectively, and 5.0% (2 to 8%) for female breast cancer. A substantial part of the alcohol attributable fraction in 2008 was associated with alcohol consumption higher than the recommended upper limit: 33 037 of 178 578 alcohol related cancer cases in men and 17 470 of 397 043 alcohol related cases in women. Conclusions In western Europe, an important proportion of cases of cancer can be attributable to alcohol consumption, especially consumption higher than the recommended upper limits. These data support current political efforts to reduce or to abstain from alcohol consumption to reduce the incidence of cancer.

Morbilidad psíquica, existencia de diagnóstico y consumo de psicofármacos. Diferencias por comunidades autónomas según la Encuesta Nacional de Salud de 2006

Background: Most of the studies on sychological distress in Spain have been conducted in small geographical areas or specific population groups. However, there are no studies that provide representative data for each Autonomous Community (AC). The objectives of this paper are to determine, both in Spain and in the AC, the prevalence of psychological distress, diagnosis, use of psychoactive medication, social support and self-perceived health, as well as to study the association between psychological distress and the rest of the variables. Methods: Cross-sectional study, using data from the 2006 National Health Survey, that was completed by 29,478 persons. Variables studied: sociodemographics, psychological distress (GHQ-12), self-perceived health, mental disorder diagnosis, functional social support (Duke) and use and prescription of psychoactive medication. Results: The prevalence of psychological distress in Spain was 20,1%; the highest prevalence was found in Canary Islands (28,2%) and the lowest in La Rioja (12,2%). Among those who presented psychological distress, 62,4% had never received a mental disorder diagnosis, and 71,6% had not used psychoactive medication in the last year. The highest prevalences of non-diagnosed cases (81,8%) and cases non-treated with psychoactive medication (83,1%) were found in La Rioja, whereas the lowest prevalences were found in Asturias. Eight percent of the persons who presented psychological distress had low social support and 63,8% reported bad self-perceived health. Conclusions: Psychological distress is a prevalent phenomenon, and more than half of the persons who suffer it receive neither a diagnosis nor psychoactive medication. Moreover, there are considerable differences between the AC.

Concentrations of resveratrol and derivatives in foods and estimation of dietary intake in a Spanish population: European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Spain cohort

Resveratrol has been shown to have beneficial effects on diseases related to oxidant and/or inflammatory processes and extends the lifespan of simple organisms including rodents. The objective of the present study was to estimate the dietary intake of resveratrol and piceid (R&P) present in foods, and to identify the principal dietary sources of these compounds in the Spanish adult population. For this purpose, a food composition database (FCDB) of R&P in Spanish foods was compiled. The study included 40 685 subjects aged 35–64 years from northern and southern regions of Spain who were included in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Spain cohort. Usual food intake was assessed by personal interviews using a computerised version of a validated diet history method. An FCDB with 160 items was compiled. The estimated median and mean of R&P intake were 100 and 933 μg/d respectively. Approximately, 32 % of the population did not consume R&P. The most abundant of the four stilbenes studied was trans-piceid (53·6 %), followed by trans-resveratrol (20·9 %), cis-piceid (19·3 %) and cis-resveratrol (6·2 %). The most important source of R&P was wines (98·4 %) and grape and grape juices (1·6 %), whereas peanuts, pistachios and berries contributed to less than 0·01 %. For this reason the pattern of intake of R&P was similar to the wine pattern. This is the first time that R&P intake has been estimated in a Mediterranean country.

Bulky DNA adducts, 4-aminobiphenyl-haemoglobin adducts and diet in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) prospective study

In contrast to some extensively examined food mutagens, for example, aflatoxins, N-nitrosamines and heterocyclic amines, some other food contaminants, in particular polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and other aromatic compounds, have received less attention. Therefore, exploring the relationships between dietary habits and the levels of biomarkers related to exposure to aromatic compounds is highly relevant. We have investigated in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort the association between dietary items (food groups and nutrients) and aromatic DNA adducts and 4-aminobiphenyl-Hb adducts. Both types of adducts are biomarkers of carcinogen exposure and possibly of cancer risk, and were measured, respectively, in leucocytes and erythrocytes of 1086 (DNA adducts) and 190 (Hb adducts) non-smokers. An inverse, statistically significant, association has been found between DNA adduct levels and dietary fibre intake (P = 0·02), vitamin E (P = 0·04) and alcohol (P = 0·03) but not with other nutrients or food groups. Also, an inverse association between fibre and fruit intake, and BMI and 4-aminobiphenyl-Hb adducts (P = 0·03, 0·04, and 0·03 respectively) was observed. After multivariate regression analysis these inverse correlations remained statistically significant, except for the correlation adducts v. fruit intake. The present study suggests that fibre intake in the usual range can modify the level of DNA or Hb aromatic adducts, but such role seems to be quantitatively modest. Fibres could reduce the formation of DNA adducts in different manners, by diluting potential food mutagens and carcinogens in the gastrointestinal tract, by speeding their transit through the colon and by binding carcinogenic substances.

Patrones de consumo de alcohol en la adolescencia

Este estudio analiza los patrones de consumo de alcohol y el papel de la influencia social y la percepción de peligrosidad de esta sustancia en dicho consumo en una muestra de 1.624 estudiantes de Secundaria de Girona con edades comprendidas entre los 12 y los 18 años (49,4% chicos). Losresultados muestran que un 20,9% de los adolescentes se consideran consumidores habituales de alcohol, y que el consumo se incrementa con la edad, independientemente del género. Un porcentaje elevado de consumidores supera el umbral de alto riesgo para la salud, principalmente entre las chicas debido a las diferencias de género en la metabolización alcohólica. Asimismo se confirma la influencia del entorno (amigos y familiares) y de la percepción de peligrosidad del alcohol tanto en el consumo de esta sustancia como en su uso de alto riesgo. Alcohol consumption patterns in adolescence

An antibody-based ELISA for quantification of Ani s 1, a major allergen from Anisakis simplex.

Anisakis simplex is a nematode parasite that can infect humans who have eaten raw or undercooked seafood. Larvae invading the gastrointestinal mucosa excrete/secrete proteins that are implicated in the pathogenesis of anisakiasis and can induce IgE-mediated symptoms. Since Ani s 1 is a potent secreted allergen with important clinical relevance, its measurement could assess the quality of allergenic products used in diagnosis/immunotherapy of Anisakis allergy and track the presence of A. simplex parasites in fish foodstuffs. An antibody-based ELISA for quantification of Ani s 1 has been developed based on monoclonal antibody 4F2 as capture antibody and biotin-labelled polyclonal antibodies against Ani s 1 as detection reagent. The dose-response standard curves, obtained with natural and recombinant antigens, ranged from 4 to 2000 ng/ml and were identical and parallel to that of the A. simplex extract. The linear portion of the dose-response curve with nAni s 1 was between 15 and 250 ng/ml with inter-assay and intra-assays coefficients of variation less than 20% and 10%, respectively. The assay was specific since there was no cross-reaction with other extracts (except Ascaris extracts) and was highly sensitive (detection limit of 1·8 ng/ml), being able to detect Ani s 1 in fish extracts from codfish and monkfish.

Validation of the spanish version of the multiple sclerosis international quality of life (musiqol) questionnaire

BACKGROUND: The Multiple Sclerosis International Quality Of Life (MusiQoL) questionnaire, a 31-item, multidimensional, self-administrated questionnaire that is available in 14 languages including Spanish, has been validated using a large international sample. We investigated the validity and reliability of the Spanish version of MusiQoL in Spain. METHODS: Consecutive patients with different types and severities of multiple sclerosis (MS) were recruited from 22 centres across Spain. All patients completed the MusiQoL questionnaire, the 36-Item Short Form (SF-36) health survey, and a symptoms checklist at baseline and 21 days later. External validity, internal consistency, reliability and reproducibility were tested. RESULTS: A total of 224 Spanish patients were evaluated. Dimensions of MusiQoL generally demonstrated a high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha: 0.70-0.92 for all but two MusiQoL domain scores). External validity testing revealed that the MusiQoL index score correlated significantly with all SF-36 dimension scores (Pearson's correlation: 0.46-0.76), reproducibility was satisfactory (intraclass correlation coefficient: 0.60-0.91), acceptability was high, and the time taken to complete the 31-item questionnaire was reasonable (mean [standard deviation]: 9.8 [11.8] minutes). CONCLUSIONS: The Spanish version of the MusiQoL questionnaire appears to be a valid and reliable instrument for measuring quality of life in patients with MS in Spain and constitutes a useful instrument to measure health-related quality of life in the clinical setting.

Efecto de las pérdidas y ganancias recientes en el riesgo asumido por los automovilistas

Se analiza el efecto de las pérdidas y ganancias recientes sobre la conducta arriesgada y el riesgo percibido en la ejecución del simulador de conducción TIC/PC. Los modelos teóricos analizados coinciden en predecir aumento de la conducta arriesgada tras la pérdida y no modificación tras la ganancia. Los resultados obtenidos no confirman estas predicciones en cuanto al efecto de las pérdidas recientes. Tras las ganancias los sujetos no se diferencian de los controles. En cuanto al riesgo percibido, sólo la Teoría de Riesgo-Cero predice modificaciones tras la pérdida. Si bien nuestros sujetos experimentales perciben menos riesgo tras la pérdida, ello no se traduce en un aumento de la conducta arriesgada. Parece ser que percepción y conducta se rigen por mecanismos diferentes

Bovine tuberculosis in Doñana Biosphere Reserve: the role of wild ungulates as disease reservoirs in the last Iberian lynx strongholds.

Doñana National Park (DNP) in southern Spain is a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve where commercial hunting and wildlife artificial feeding do not take place and traditional cattle husbandry still exists. Herein, we hypothesized that Mycobacterium bovis infection prevalence in wild ungulates will depend on host ecology and that variation in prevalence will reflect variation in the interaction between hosts and environmental risk factors. Cattle bTB reactor rates increased in DNP despite compulsory testing and culling of infected animals. In this study, 124 European wild boar, 95 red deer, and 97 fallow deer were sampled from April 2006 to April 2007 and analyzed for M. bovis infection. Modelling and GIS were used to identify risk factors and intra and inter-species relationships. Infection with M. bovis was confirmed in 65 (52.4%) wild boar, 26 (27.4%) red deer and 18 (18.5%) fallow deer. In the absence of cattle, wild boar M. bovis prevalence reached 92.3% in the northern third of DNP. Wild boar showed more than twice prevalence than that in deer (p<0.001). Modelling revealed that M. bovis prevalence decreased from North to South in wild boar (p<0.001) and red deer (p<0.01), whereas no spatial pattern was evidenced for fallow deer. Infection risk in wild boar was dependent on wild boar M. bovis prevalence in the buffer area containing interacting individuals (p<0.01). The prevalence recorded in this study is among the highest reported in wildlife. Remarkably, this high prevalence occurs in the absence of wildlife artificial feeding, suggesting that a feeding ban alone would have a limited effect on wildlife M. bovis prevalence. In DNP, M. bovis transmission may occur predominantly at the intra-species level due to ecological, behavioural and epidemiological factors. The results of this study allow inferring conclusions on epidemiological bTB risk factors in Mediterranean habitats that are not managed for hunting purposes. Our results support the need to consider wildlife species for the control of bTB in cattle and strongly suggest that bTB may affect animal welfare and conservation.