O clima urbano de Cândido Mota: análise do perfil térmico e higrométrico em episódios de verão

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Clima e saúde: contribuição ao estudo das condições atmosféricas e relação com as doenças respiratórias: subsídio às políticas públicas locais

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Eventos em megacidades e a vulnerabilidade climática: o caso de São Paulo

Pós-graduação em Geografia - IGCE

Assessment of the Removal Capacity, Tolerance, and Anatomical Adaptation of Different Plant Species to Benzene Contamination

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Análise de ocorrências dos impactos pluviais na área urbana de Rio Claro (SP)

The Urbanization is a notable process in our society, being part of it since around 3500 BC in Mesopotamia, currently Iraq area. Since the Industrial Revolution, cities had a significant increase in their growth and began to concentrate increasingly labor and capital. Brazil, despite having had a late industrialization, also had a high population growth in cities, especially in the XVIII century, which were not provided with any kind of planning that targets the ordering and implementation of the urban essential apparatus. Therefore, Brazilian cities started to exhibit countless structural and environmental problems. Associated with inadequate infrastructure, the modifications in the urban atmosphere, like increased heat, air pollution and increased rainfall and storm frequency, cause different types of impacts in cities. Among the most worrisome are those from the intense rain, which cause human and material damage. The city of Rio Claro (SP) can be considered an example of this reality. Thereby, the objective of this study was to analyze the impacts on the population originated from rainfall in the urban area during the period 2005-2010, by the mapping of events and analysis of the active atmospheric systems. The information of the events were collected in the Fire Department and the Press and the synoptic maps were obtained in the library of INPE, in Cachoeira Paulista (SP) and in the site of the Navy of Brazil. The data showed that among 247 occurrences, during the six years, 233 occurred in the spring-summer period. Moreover, after finalizing the maps, it was found the locations considered critical regarding the frequency of occurrences, as: Visconde do Rio Claro Avenue and central area of the city, both with a total of 23 occurrences; Jardim Inocoop, with 20; Tancredo Neves Avenue, with 12 and Vila Paulista, with 10 occurrences. Through the graphs, it was found that the most recurrent atmospheric system, during the studied period, is...

Poluição atmosférica e paisagem urbana no município de São Paulo

This paper proposes an analysis of two major polluting elements of the atmosphere of São Paulo city, carbon monoxide (CO) and sulfur dioxide (SO2). This study was performed through analysis of data on the quality of air, by means of published reports and records obtained by experiment using measuring rate monitor for CO2. Atmospheric data were collected and sorted. From this work it was possible to identify the concentration of carbon dioxide in the center of São Paulo on September 14, 2012 using the infrared gas analyzer (IRGA). From the ratios of carbon monoxide and sulfur dioxide spatially analyzed could identify major emitters by comparing records of pollutants and their origin. The analysis makes it possible to map the intensity of air pollution in urban areas, identifying the polluting elements, their issuers and thereby contributes to the current understanding of atmospheric features, bringing a geographical spatial analysis of air pollutants in São Paulo, contributing to awareness of vulnerabilities, enabling a useful tool for planning and maintenance of the urban environment related public policies

A influência da temperatura na secagem forçada da matéria-prima cerâmica da Formação Corumbataí na região do Polo de Santa Gertrudes (SP)

Pós-graduação em Geociências e Meio Ambiente - IGCE

Development of a simple method for determination of NO2 in air using digital scanner images

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Descrição e análise de contingências presentes em legislações referentes à mobilidade urbana

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Utilização de dados fornecidos por satélites para determinação de riscos ambientais

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

As características da temperatura do ar em bairros com produção do espaço urbano distintas: uma análise do Parque Higienópolis e Jd. Morada do Sol em Presidente Prudente-SP

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

As características da temperatura do ar em bairros com produção do espaço urbano distintas: uma análise do Parque Higienópolis e Jd. Morada do Sol em Presidente Prudente-SP

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Lean diesel technology and human health: a case study in six Brazilian metropolitan regions

OBJECTIVE: Due to their toxicity, diesel emissions have been submitted to progressively more restrictive regulations in developed countries. However, in Brazil, the implementation of the Cleaner Diesel Technologies policy (Euro IV standards for vehicles produced in 2009 and low-sulfur diesel with 50 ppm of sulfur) was postponed until 2012 without a comprehensive analysis of the effect of this delay on public health parameters. We aimed to evaluate the impact of the delay in implementing the Cleaner Diesel Technologies policy on health indicators and monetary health costs in Brazil. METHODS: The primary estimator of exposure to air pollution was the concentration of ambient fine particulate matter (particles with aerodynamic diameters, <2.5 mu m, [PM2.5]). This parameter was measured daily in six Brazilian metropolitan areas during 2007-2008. We calculated 1) the projected reduction in the PM2.5 that would have been achieved if the Euro IV standards had been implemented in 2009 and 2) the expected reduction after implementation in 2012. The difference between these two time curves was transformed into health outcomes using previous dose-response curves. The economic valuation was performed based on the DALY (disability-adjusted life years) method. RESULTS: The delay in implementing the Cleaner Diesel Technologies policy will result in an estimated excess of 13,984 deaths up to 2040. Health expenditures are projected to be increased by nearly US$ 11.5 billion for the same period. CONCLUSIONS: The present results indicate that a significant health burden will occur because of the postponement in implementing the Cleaner Diesel Technologies policy. These results also reinforce the concept that health effects must be considered when revising fuel and emission policies.

Environmental lead poisoning among children in Porto Alegre state, Southern Brazil

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of lead poisoning in children and to identify associated factors, as well as possible local sources of contamination. METHODS: A cross-sectional prevalence study conducted in 2006 with a random sample of 97 children age zero to five years from a neighborhood in Porto Alegre, Southern Brazil. Blood lead levels were measured and a questionnaire administered to collect information on sociodemographics, recycling and dwelling. A preliminary environmental evaluation was carried out with direct analysis of soil and indirect analysis of air pollution with bioindicators to identify possible sources of contamination. To analyze lead concentrations from the different collection sites, for each type of material studied, ANOVA was performed with a Brown-Forsythe adjustment for heteroscedasticity and with Dunnett's T3 procedure for multiple comparisons of unequal variances. RESULTS: Blood lead levels >= 10.0 mu g/dL was found in 16.5% of children. Recycling of waste at home, low father's education level, and increased age of children were associated with increase blood lead levels. High lead levels were found in soil, and there was little indication of lead air pollution. CONCLUSIONS: A high prevalence of lead poisoning was identified, and the potential sources of contamination in this community appear related to waste recylcing activities. Studies should be conducted with other populations of Brazilian children and evaluate potential sources of local and general contamination, to accurately characterize this issue in Brazil.

The impact of atmospheric particulate matter on cancer incidence and mortality in the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil

This study aimed to verify the impact of inhalable particulate matter (PM10) on cancer incidence and mortality in the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Statistical techniques were used to investigate the relationship between PM10 on cancer incidence and mortality in selected districts. For some types of cancer (skin, lung, thyroid, larynx, and bladder) and some periods, the correlation coefficients ranged from 0.60 to 0.80 for incidence. Lung cancer mortality showed more correlations during the overall period. Spatial analysis showed that districts distant from the city center showed higher than expected relative risk, depending on the type of cancer According to the study, urban PM10 can contribute to increased incidence of some cancers and may also contribute to increased cancer mortality. The results highlight the need to adopt measures to reduce atmospheric PM10 levels and the importance of their continuous monitoring.