Research on photovoltaics: Review, trends and perspectives

This paper presents a briefly review, some trends and perspectives in the field of Photovoltaic energy conversion, which is considered to be the most important renewable energy source in few years, in the coming decades. The power electronics plays a fundamental role in this process, developing systems each times more competitive, efficient, reliable, and also reducing costs and reducing the payback time. Some trends are visible, which are the use of Silicon Carbide devices in PV inverters, the use of integrated inverter structures, the integration of power converters into the PV module or the use of few PV series connection, the development of thinner and more efficient solar cells. Moreover, the discussion about the necessity of MPPT and anti-island schemes are presented, mainly considering the expected growth of grid-tied applications. © 2011 IEEE.

Economic relations between Latin America and Asia-Pacific: recent trends and future challenges

Includes bibliography

Población, medio ambiente y desarrollo: la experiencia latinoamericana = Population, environment and development: the Latin American experience

Incluye Bibliografía

Population trends in the 1960's: some implications for development

Includes bibliography

Problemas y políticas de productos básicos = Commodity problems and policies

Incluye Bibliografía

Problemas y políticas de selección de técnicas en América Latina = Selection of techniques: problems and policies for Latin America

Publicado separadamente en cada idioma

External restriction and adjustment: options and policies in Latin America

Includes bibliography

Food security: trends and impact of the crisis

Includes bibliography

Development thinking and policies: the way ahead

Includes bibliography

External capital flows in Latin America and the Caribbean in the 1990s: experiences and policies

Includes bibliography

Latin American families: convergences and divergences in models and policies

Includes bibliography

Public expenditure in Latin America: trends and key policy issues

Includes bibliography

Population Fluctuation and Damage Caused by Phytophagous Mites on Three Rubber Tree Clones

Our aim was to investigate the population fluctuation and the damage caused by the phytophagous mites Calacarus heveae Feres, Tenuipalpus heveae Baker, and Eutetranychus banksi (McGregor) on clones FX 2784, FX 3864, and MDF 180 in rubber tree crops from southeastern Bahia, Brazil. Moreover, we tested for the influence of climatic variables on occurrence patterns of these species throughout weekly samples performed from October to April. The infestation peaks was between mid-January and late February. The clones FX 2784 and FX 3864 had the highest infestations and more severe damage possibly caused by C. heveae, which was the most frequent and abundant species in all clones. We found that sunlight duration and rainfall were the most important factors for C. heveae while T. heveae was affected by rainfall and temperature. Eutetranychus banksi was only affected by sunlight duration. However, the best models had low goodness of fit. We concluded that the clones FX 2784 and FX 3864 had a higher susceptibility to mite attack, and the association between climatic variables and favorable physiological conditions were determinant for the population increase of the species from January to April. © 2012 Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil.

Trends and recent changes in the Latin American food and agriculture situation

Includes bibliography

The participation of youth in the development process of Latin America: problems and policies regarding labour force insertion, education and employment opportunities

Includes bibliography