Annotated record of the detailed examination of Mn deposits from SOMIRMAS cruise stations

The cores and dredges described at this site were taken on the SOMIRMAS cruise from 5 July to 14 August 1990 by the MusÈum National d'Histoire Naturelle from the R/V Marion Dufresne. A total of 30 cores and dredges were recovered and are available at MNHN for sampling and study.

Ensayos no destructivos para la evaluación de la madurez post-recolección de aguacate

Se presenta el estudio comparativo de los parámetros mecánicos, resultantes de impactos controlados, en la evolución del estado de madurez de frutos de aguacate "Hass", comparados con la firmeza de pulpa, índice ya tradicionalmente utilizado para ese fin. Se ha comprobado que el impacto en las condiciones de trabajo resulta no destructivo y puede utilizarse para la determinación del estado de madurez de estos frutos. Por otro lado, los resultados obtenidos para los dos lotes, con y sin absorbedor de etileno, son similares, aunque el tratamiento con absorbedor presenta un retraso en el tiempo, evidenciando su efecto en retardar el proceso de maduración plena de frutos.

Poder judiciário : autonomia e justiça / Clémerson Merlin Cléve. --

Exposição preparada para o II Congresso dos Servidores do Poder Judiciário do Estado do Paraná, realizado pelo Sindijus, em Curitiba, nos dias 25 e 26 de set 92.

Comunicar para sensibilizar: fundamentos para el planteamiento de un estudio sobre igualdad de oportunidades entre mujeres y hombres

La comunicación expone los fundamentos que justifican la necesidad de plantear una investigación sobre la gestión de las acciones en pro de la sensibilización en igualdad de oportunidades entre mujeres y hombres y, en concreto, de la conciliación entre la vida familiar y laboral. El marco del estudio se ancla en tres aspectos: (1) el comportamiento de la población o la estructura de la sociedad que evidencia la falta de igualdad; (2) las políticas relacionadas con la igualdad, y (3) las campañas efectuadas por el Gobierno. Así, sociedad, políticas y publicidad forman los pilares en los que se sostiene la investigación. Los datos y la información que se presenta atienden a la revisión de estadísticas y a la recopilación bibliográfica y documental efectuada. En concreto, se acudió a fuentes secundarias tales como las estadísticas del INE, los estudios del CIS y las publicadas por el Instituto de la Mujer para extraer información sobre el comportamiento y la estructura de la población. Infoadex, AIMC y el Instituto de la Mujer proporcionaron los datos sobre las campañas institucionales. Además, se revisaron las leyes vinculadas a la igualdad y a la conciliación y se utilizaron las bases bibliográficas para hacer una revisión de artículos relacionados con el objeto de estudio. La investigación fue subvencionada en convocatoria pública por el Instituto de la Mujer y queda inserta en el Plan nacional I+D+I. Actualmente, está siendo llevada a cabo por un grupo de investigadores del Departamento de Comunicación y Psicología Social de la Universidad de Alicante.

Los estereotipos de género en la publicidad de fármacos

La publicidad de fármacos (PF) es uno de los filtros más potentes del conocimiento médico sobre las novedades farmacológicas. Para lograr un mayor impacto publicitario, que repercuta en el incremento de las ventas, una de las estrategias utilizadas es la segmentación del consumidor final por sus características sociodemográficas a través de las imágenes publicitarias. Desde el punto de vista de los estudios de género, esta representación es foco de interés, ya que la visibilidad o invisibilidad de un sexo frente a otro puede ser un modo de reforzar el determinismo biológico, contribuyendo a favorecer la percepción de que ciertas enfermedades se asocian más a uno de los sexos por sus características biológicas, cuando en realidad se trata de constructos sociales. El objetivo de este trabajo es comprobar si a lo largo del tiempo se siguen reproduciendo cuantitativa y cualitativamente estereotipos de género en la PF insertada en revistas de medicina general y en revistas especializadas, a través de una revisión sistemática de la literatura científica (1998-2008).

La investigación como generadora de nuevas y transformadoras miradas: el Grupo Hermanos Falcó, las 500 de Albacete

Póster presentado al VI Congreso Universidad y Cooperación al Desarrollo, Desarrollo Humano y Universidad, línea temática Investigación y Compromiso Social, sobre la investigación acción participativa llevada a cabo en el Grupo Hermanos Falcó de Albacete, popularmente conocido como las 500.

Ensuring the EU’s future as a security provider Five recommendations for the June European Council’s session on CSDP. EPC Commentary, 23 June 2015

On 25 and 26 June 2015, the Heads of State or Government of the European Union (EU) will convene to discuss the implementation of their Conclusions on the Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) from December 2013. A substantial and frank debate among EU leaders is urgently needed in order to forge a lasting and credible vision for CSDP.

Oxygen microprofiles and porewater chemistry in sediments of the Skagerrak

Sediment porewater oxygen profiles were measured with micro and needle electrodes in sediment cores of 27 stations in the Skagerrak (northeastern North Sea). Oxygen penetration depth ranged from 3 to 20 mm depth. Fluxes estimated from the oxygen gradients varied from 3 to 18 mmol m**-2 d**-1. Oxygen penetration and flux depend on water depth, but possibly more on the hydrological conditions, related to the import of fresh organic matter by primary production in the water column. Oxygen fluxes were not related to the total organic carbon (TOC) content of the sediments. Stations in the eastern part of the Skagerrak showed high burial rates of TOC. At 6 stations porewater chemistry of Fe, Mn and NO3- was strongly associated with the oxygen distribution. The average relative contribution of terminal electron acceptors to carbon mineralisation was estimated at 85% for O2, 0.5% for Mn, 4.5% for [NO3]3-, 1% for Fe and 9% for [SO4]2-. At one station the occurrence of exceptionally high solid manganese oxyhydroxides was probably related to an active internal manganese cycle.

(Table 1) Soil density and concentration of 10Beryllium and 26Aluminium in samples from two ash deposits in the McMurdo Dry Valleys

The McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica (MDV) are among the oldest landscapes on Earth, and some landforms there present an intriguing apparent contradiction such that millions of years old surface deposits maintain their meter-scale morphology despite the fact that measured erosion rates are 0.1-4 m/Ma. We analyzed the concentration of cosmic ray-produced 10Be and 26Al in quartz sands from regolith directly above and below two well-documented ash deposits in the MDV, the Arena Valley ash (40Ar/39Ar age of 4.33 Ma) and the Hart ash (K-Ar age of 3.9 Ma). Measured concentrations of 10Be and 26Al are significantly less than expected given the age of the in situ air fall ashes and are best interpreted as reflecting the degradation rate of the overlying sediments. The erosion rate of the material above the Arena Valley ash that best explains the observed isotope profiles is 3.5 ± 0.41 x 10**-5 g/cm**2/yr (~0.19 m/Ma) for the past ~4 Ma. For the Hart ash, the erosion rate is 4.8 ± 0.21 x 10**-4 g/cm**2/yr (~2.6 m/Ma) for the past ~1 Ma. The concentration profiles do not show signs of mixing, creep, or deflation caused by sublimation of ground ice. These results indicate that the slow, steady lowering of the surface without vertical mixing may allow landforms to maintain their meter-scale morphology even though they are actively eroding.

Distribution of clay minerals in surface sediments of the Eurasian Arctic Ocean

Clay-mineral distributions in the Arctic Ocean and the adjacent Eurasian shelf areas are discussed to identify source areas and transport pathways of terrigenous material in the Arctic Ocean. The main clay minerals in Eurasian Arctic Ocean sediments are illite and chlorite. Smectite and kaolinite occur in minor amounts in these sediments, but show strong variations in the shelf areas. These two minerals are therefore reliable in reconstructions of source areas of sediments from the Eurasian Arctic. The Kara Sea and the western part of the Laptev Sea are enriched in smectite, with highest values of up to 70% in the deltas of the Ob and Yenisey rivers. Illite is the dominant clay mineral in all the investigated sediments except for parts of the Kara Sea. The highest concentrations with more than 70% illite occur in the East Siberian Sea and around Svalbard. Chlorite represents the clay mineral with lowest concentration changes in the Eastern Arctic, ranging between 10 and 25%. The main source areas for kaolinite in the Eurasian Arctic are Mesozoic sedimentary rocks on Franz-Josef Land islands. Based on clay-mineral data, transport of the clay fraction via sea ice is of minor importance for the modern sedimentary budget in the Arctic basins.

Data compilation of ESOP

The work in this sub-project of ESOP focuses on the advective and convective transforma-tion of water masses in the Greenland Sea and its neighbouring areas. It includes observational work on the sub-mesoscale and analysis of hydrographic data up to the gyre-scale. Observations of active convective plumes were made with a towed chain equipped with up to 80 CTD sensors, giving a horizontal and vertical resolution of the hydrographic fields of a few metres. The observed scales of the penetrative convective plumes compare well with those given by theory. On the mesoscale the structure of homogeneous eddies formed as a result of deep convection was observed and the associated mixing and renewal of the intermediate layers quantified. The relative importance and efficiency of thermal and haline penetrative convection in relation to the surface boundary conditions (heat and salt fluxes and ice cover) and the ambient stratification are studied using the multi year time series of hydro-graphic data in the central Greenland Sea. The modification of the water column of the Greenland Sea gyre through advection from and mixing with water at its rim is assessed on longer time scales. The relative contributions are quantified using modern water mass analysis methods based on inverse techniques. Likewise the convective renewal and the spreading of the Arctic Intermediate Water from its formation area is quantified. The aim is to budget the heat and salt content of the water column, in particular of the low salinity surface layer, and to relate its seasonal and interannual variability to the lateral fluxes and the fluxes at the air-sea-ice interface. This will allow to estimate residence times for the different layers of the Greenland Sea gyre, a quantity important for the description of the Polar Ocean carbon cycle.

Tab. 2,3,4 Specific resistivity of calculated models for the soundings in Lapland

Geoelectrical soundings were carried out in 29 different places in order to find permafrost and to measure its thickness. In most places above timber Iine a permafrost thickness of 10-50 m was recorded. Permafrost was found at sites with thin snow cover during winter. Here, deflation phenomena on the summits of fjells indicate the occurence of permafrost, Vegetation type might be a good indicator of permafrost, too. It seems obvious that permafrost exists extensively on fjell summits of northern Finland.

Annotated record of the detailed examination of Mn deposits from RIDA cruise stations

The cores and dredges described at this site were taken on the RIDA cruise from 1 May until 25 May 1984 by the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle from the R/V Marion Dufresne. A total of 45 cores and dredges were recovered along with underwater camera runs. They are available at MNHN for sampling and study.

Location, intervals and thickness of Cretaceous sections in Indian Ocean DSDP and ODP sites (Table 2)

The Indian Ocean covers approximately 73.5 * 10**6 km**3 from 25°N to 67°S and from 20° to 120°E. Several legs of the Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) and the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) have operated in its waters, many penetrating the Cretaceous. Most of the scientific drill sites are DSDP related and thus pre-dated modern biostratigraphic conventions. Foraminifers and calcareous nannoplankton were by far the dominant fossil groups studied in the earlier work, supplemented occasionally by studies of other fossil groups, The results of the Ocean Drilling Project phase are yet too young to be fully integrated but have been based on a broader range of techniques and fossil groups. During most of the Cretaceous, the proto-Indian Ocean basin lay in middle to high latitudes. Thus, it is unrealistic to expect successful routine application of low-latitude zonations. No planktonic foraminifer zonal scheme has been developed for the Indian Ocean basin for several reasons. There are no sections with complete or even significant partial sections to allow development of such a zonation. Carbonate compensation depth (CCD) effects have been marked in most sections, and significant intervals are devoid of planktonic foraminifers. The Indian Ocean now covers a great latitudinal range from tropics to polar regions and, at first glance, no scheme can be expected to be applicable over that entire range. In the Cretaceous the area was much smaller, though expanding progressively, and the paleolatitude range was quite small. Calcareous nannoplankton have proved valuable in dating Indian Ocean Cretaceous sediments and have, perhaps in contrast with the foraminifers, been consistently a more reliable means of applying zonal schemes developed elsewhere. For the Albian-Aptian, zonations based on well-known benthic foraminifer lineages (Scheibnerova, 1974) have been useful when nothing else was available or effective. Palynology has been used little, but where used, has proved excellent. It has the added value of providing valuable information on nearby terrestrial vegetation as the fossils were resistant to dissolution. Normally, when different fossil groups have been applied to a section, the results have been compatible or compatible to an acceptable degree. There are a few instances where incompatibility is noteworthy, and Site 263 is a classic example, as even two calcareous nannoplankton studies show irreconcilable differences here. All groups gave different results, but one benthic foraminifer analysis agreed with one calcareous nannoplankton study.