O sertão virou verso, o verso virou sertão:sertão e sertanejos representados e ressignificados pela Literatura de Cordel (1900-1940)

Backland¹ are not only geographic spaces limited by physically established borders. It is a space composed by events, experiences, behavior, symbology, manners related to how to live and see the world. It is developed from historical processes and layers of discourses that contact each other, compete among themselves, establish agreement, promote consensus which define, resignify and update them over time. The present paper seeks to analyze and discuss the forms in which discourses produced by cordel literature² sold and consumed in popular locations, from backlands to coast cities, during the first four decades of 20th century, represented the environment, habits, moral codes, cultural traits, social types, rites and beliefs, related to northeastern backlands. The paper also aims to investigate the forms on how discourses produced by representations contributed to the constitution of backlands as a space culturally constructed. Poems from the poet and editor João Martins de Athayde will be used to establish dialogues between discourses produced by cordel and others discursive modalities, such as, newspapers, prose literature, painting, texts of memoirists and historiography, about backlands, analyzing how those representations circulated, were consumed and absorbed by backlands and other spaces inhabitants, contacted and agreed with other types of discourse, supporting the establishment of backlands as a space and countryside people as a social type

Size at maturity and egg capsules of the softnose skates Bathyraja brachyurops (Fowler, 1910) and Bathyraja macloviana (Norman, 1937) (Elasmobranchii: Rajidae) in the SW Atlantic (37 degrees 00'-39 degrees 30'S)

P>The softnose skates Bathyraja brachyurops and Bathyraja macloviana represent an important portion of the skate catches of the Uruguayan trawling fleet in the southwestern Atlantic. From March to October 2004, specimens of these species were collected at 75-200 m depth range in the area situated between latitudes 37 degrees 00'-39 degrees 30'S. For B. brachyurops, total length at which 50% of the specimens were retained by the gear was 68.0 cm for both sexes; T(L50) was estimated at 65.4 cm for males and 67.0 cm for females. For B. macloviana, total length at which 50% of the specimens were retained was 56.0-57.0 cm for both sexes; T(L50) was estimated at 53.5 cm for males and 52.0 cm for females. Egg capsule length varied from 79-91 mm in B. brachyurops and 69-75.5 mm in B. macloviana. In both species, capsules displayed striated surfaces and similar gross morphology, although egg capsules of B. macloviana had more robust anterior horns and a smaller size than those of B. brachyurops. Egg capsules of the latter also exhibited microscopical prickles. Capsule edges were laterally keeled with a groove along the keel, and a straight and transverse velum was present in the egg capsules of both species.

Quadros em movimento: O uso das fontes iconográficas no filme Os Bandeirantes (1940), de Humberto Mauro

Este artigo discute a utilização das fontes iconográficas enquanto estratégia de autenticação da narrativa cinematográfica através da análise de um dos blocos narrativos do filme Os Bandeirantes (1940), de Humberto Mauro. Tal filme teve a orientação geral de Edgar Roquette-Pinto, diretor presidente do Instituto Nacional de Cinema Educativo (INCE), e a coordenação histórica de Afonso de Taunay, historiador e diretor do Museu Paulista, mais conhecido como Museu do Ipiranga. A estratégia de utilização da iconografia enquanto documento histórico em Os Bandeirantes produzirá um curto-circuito com o trabalho de mise-en-scène de Humberto Mauro, gerando significados diversos daqueles que foram idealizados pelos produtores do filme.

The effects of the social hierarchy destabilization on the foraging activity of eusocial wasp Mischocyttarus cerberus styx Richards, 1940 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Polistinae)

The genus Mischocyttarus comprises 245 species of neotropical basal eusocial wasps. They form small colonies (rarely more than few tens of individuals); castes are morphologically undifferentiated and determined behaviorally by agonistic interactions. The aim of this study was to verify the effects of the experimental disruption of social hierarchy on foraging activity of Mischocyttarus cerberus styx. We observed six colonies in postemergence phase and recorded data on the foraging activity under two experimental conditions: (1) removal of lower-ranked females and (2) removal of higher ranked females, except the queen. Our results showed that the removal of higher-ranked females had higher effect on the number of foraging trips of M. cerberus styx than the removal of lower-ranked females (the number of foraging trips/hour decreased by 66.4 and 32.7, resp.). Such results are likely due to the social organization of this species and the presence of a distinct class of females, which in this study were regarded as intermediates. Our data also showed that, irrespective of the hierarchical status of the females, the removal of two or three individuals affected significantly the number of foraging trips in this species. Copyright 2011 Vanderlei Conceio Costa Filho et al.

Estimación de la migración interna neta, clasificada por edad y por sexo, en las provincias y regiones de Chile durante los años 1930-1940, 1940-1952 y 1952-1960

Incluye Bibliografía

La mortalidad en Chile según las tablas de vida de 1920, 1930, 1940, 1952-1960

Incluye Bibliografía

Políticas de población y atribuciones de la mujer en la Argentina de 1940: la realidad en disonancia con la teoría

Incluye Bibliografía

Brasil: evolucion de la poblacion economicamente activa en el periodo 1940-1950

Incluye Bibliografía

Chile. XI Censo de poblacion (1940). Recopilacion de cifras publicadas por la Direccion de Estadisticas y Censos

Incluye Bibliografía

Differential migration in some regions and cities of Latin America in the period 1940-1950

Includes bibliography

Proyeccion de la poblacion del Brasil, por sexo y grupos de edad, 1940-1980

Incluye Bibliografía