Cambios del equilibrio poblacional entre la Anchoveta (Engraulis ringers) y la Sardina (Sardinops sagax) en el sistema de afloramiento frente al Perú

Analiza las diferentes fases del cambio de comportamiento de la sardina en relación a los últimos fenómenos.

Going Public in the European Union: Action Repertoires of Western European Collective Political Actors

As a result of the Europeanization of politics and the increasing role of the public sphere, political actors in Western Europe are currently facing a double strategic challenge. Based on data from seven West European countries and the European Union, the authors analyze how state actors, political parties, interest groups, and social movement organizations cope with this double challenge at both the national and the supranational level. Results indicate that the classic repertoire of inside strategies at the national level is still the most typical for all actors, but media-related strategies are also prominent at the national level. The Europeanization of repertoires is mainly determined by institutional factors and by the actors' power, whereas the public arena plays an equally important role for all types of actors, in all countries and at both the national and the EU level.

Assessing the wellbeing of the Spanish elderly

In this paper we use a variety of data sources, both micro and macro, time series, crosssection, and panel data to provide an empirical evaluation of the current level of economicwellbeing of the Spanish elderly, and of its determinants. We focus, in particular on the role played by the pension system and its generosity in terms of minimum pension supplements and non-contributive pensions. In an IV context, we find that actual Social Security benefits contribute substantially to explain income and consumption poverty levels and trends of low income and consumption percentiles. Thus we offer support to previous evidence for Spain emphasizing the role of minimum benefit policies.

Las aves marinas antárticas como indicadoras de los patrones de abundancia y distribución del Krill (Euphasia Superba) en el estrecho de Bransfield y alrededores de isla Elefante

Se realizaron observaciones de aves marinas en 1177 millas en el Estrecho de Bransfield y alrededores de la Isla Elefante en enero de 1998. Durante el recorrido se observó un total de 21.624 aves. Se identificaron 18 especies pertenecientes a 7 familias. Los avistamientos de aves marinas se analizaron en relación a la abundancia y distribución relativa promedio del total de aves (aves/milla) fue 3,4 veces mayor que la observada en millas donde no se registró krill. Para todas las especies en estudio, excepto las especies de Pygoscelis, la probabilidad de encontrar este recurso se incrementó a una mayor abundancia de aves.

Cosmopolitan Capital and the Internationalization of the Field of Business Elites: Evidence from the Swiss Case

The aim of this contribution is to explore how the recent internationalization and the increasing importance of 'cosmopolitan capital' has impacted on the structure and character of the field of the Swiss business elite. For this purpose we will develop the notion of cosmopolitan capital and comparatively investigate the field of the Swiss business elite in 1980, 2000 and 2010 with multiple correspondence analysis. We can show that in this period international managers with transnational careers and networks not only grow in number, but come to conquer the apex of the biggest and highest capitalized Swiss firms. At the same time, national forms of capital decline in importance and Swiss managers themselves are differentiated increasingly into national and international fractions.

Taking "Galton's problem" Seriously : Towards a Theory of Policy Diffusion

This article builds on the recent policy diffusion literature and attempts to overcome one of its major problems, namely the lack of a coherent theoretical framework. The literature defines policy diffusion as a process where policy choices are interdependent, and identifies several diffusion mechanisms that specify the link between the policy choices of the various actors. As these mechanisms are grounded in different theories, theoretical accounts of diffusion currently have little internal coherence. In this article we put forward an expected-utility model of policy change that is able to subsume all the diffusion mechanisms. We argue that the expected utility of a policy depends on both its effectiveness and the payoffs it yields, and we show that the various diffusion mechanisms operate by altering these two parameters. Each mechanism affects one of the two parameters, and does so in distinct ways. To account for aggregate patterns of diffusion, we embed our model in a simple threshold model of diffusion. Given the high complexity of the process that results, strong analytical conclusions on aggregate patterns cannot be drawn without more extensive analysis which is beyond the scope of this article. However, preliminary considerations indicate that a wide range of diffusion processes may exist and that convergence is only one possible outcome.

Cambios en las percepciones de riesgo frente al SIDA de los estudiantes universitarios durante la última década

Se revisan diversos trabajos realizados por las autoras desde 1993 sobre la percepción deriesgo frente al sida y su capacidad predictiva respecto a las conductas sexuales preventivas.Los resultados obtenidos muestran que: (1) la percepción de riesgo personal está sesgada deforma optimista y no predice ni la preocupación ni el interés por la prevención, y (2) los jóvenesuniversitarios no suelen detectar el elevado riesgo que supone la llamada monogamia serial(monogamia con parejas afectivas sucesivas), y se muestran favorables a mantener relacionessexuales sin preservativo en esas circunstancias en mayor medida que con una pareja ocasional.Asimismo, estudios más recientes de las autoras ponen de manifiesto un incremento en elnúmero de jóvenes que estarían dispuestos a mantener relaciones sexuales sin preservativo conuna pareja a la que se acaba de conocer, y una disminución en los porcentajes de los que piensanen el sida al informar sobre su intención de conducta en dicha situación

De l'affliction à la prédication: quand les souffrants parlent à la communauté

Comment les fidèles confrontés à la souffrance peuvent-ils se présenter à leurs coreligionnaires, dans les milieux charismatiques, où prédomine l'idée du juste béni par le bien-être et la santé? C'est ce que l'auteur a entrepris d'élucider au travers d'une enquête ethnographique dans une communauté évangélique charismatique, à Genève. Il a focalisé son attention sur les témoignages de souffrants prononcés lors d'un même culte-la particularité étant de relever les interactions d'individus s'expliquant à d'autres membres dans un contexte habituel. À vrai dire, ces personnes malades, que les prières de guérison n'ont pu aider efficacement, se trouvent dans une position de légitimation difficile face à leur environnement de croyance. L'auteur montre que, au-delà de leur justification, l'argumentaire implique une explication de la souffrance endurée, laquelle provoque du même coup un renversement de statut des intervenants. De stigmatisées, les personnes souffrantes deviennent des figures charismatiques priant pour les autres membres de la communauté.

Why Would the Deuteronomists Tell about the Sacrifice of Jephtah's Daughter?

It is commonly assumed that the story of Jephthah's vow refers to an 'old tradition' that was integrated into the Deuteronomistic History. But such a view is contrary to Dtr ideology which is absolutely hostile to any human sacrifice (2 Kgs 16.3; 17.17, 31; 21.6 etc.). A literary-critical approach to Judges 11 shows that vv. 30-31 [32] and 34-40 may be considered as post-Dtr. The author of Judg. 11.30-40 seems to know the story of the Aqedah, but he is not willing to make a happy ending. There is a tragic dimension in the story and quite an Hellenistic atmosphere (the best parallels to Judg. 11.30-40 may be fou Hellenistic nd in texts). So this text should be considered an insertion from the end of the Persian or beginning of the Hellenistic periods. The author tends to show that Jewish classics can be as tragic as Greek ones.

Dynamic social representations of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic: Shifting patterns of sense-making and blame

We investigate dynamics of public perceptions of the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic to understand changing patterns of sense-making and blame regarding the outbreak of emerging infectious diseases. We draw on social representation theory combined with a dramaturgical perspective to identify changes in how various collectives are depicted over the course of the pandemic, according to three roles: heroes, villains and victims. Quantitative results based on content analysis of three cross-sectional waves of interviews show a shift from mentions of distant collectives (e.g., far-flung countries) at Wave 1 to local collectives (e.g., risk groups) as the pandemic became of more immediate concern (Wave 2) and declined (Wave 3). Semi-automated content analysis of media coverage shows similar results. Thematic analyses of the discourse associated with collectives revealed that many were consistently perceived as heroes, villains and victims.

The response of a Swiss university hospital's palliative care consult team to assisted suicide within the institution.

In January 2006 the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), a large university hospital in Lausanne, Switzerland, became the first hospital in Switzerland to allow assisted suicide (AS) in exceptional cases within its walls. However, euthanasia is illegal. This decision has posed several ethical and practical dilemmas for the hospital's palliative care consult service. To address these, the team embarked on a formal process of open dialogue amongst its members with the goal of identifying a collective response and position. This process involved meetings every 4 to 6 weeks over the course of 10 months. An iterative process unfolded. One of the principal dilemmas relates to finding a balance between the team's position against AS and the patient's autonomy and the institution's directive. Although all team members expressed opposition to AS, there were mixed opinions as to whether or not the team members should be present during the act if requested so by patients. Some thought this could be misinterpreted as complicity in the act and could send out mixed messages to the public and other health professionals about palliative care. Others felt that the team's commitment to nonabandonment obliged them to be present even if they did not provide the drug or give any advice or assistance. The implications of nonabandonment are explored, as are several other questions such as whether or not the teams are obliged to provide detailed information on AS when requested by patients.