Inter-relação da produtividade da soja com atributos de um latossolo vermelho distroférrico sob plantio direto no cerrado

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Recuperação do solo usando composto produzido com resíduo da extração de celulose

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Impactos de sistemas de cultivo, extrato húmico e adubos orgânico e mineral sobre alguns atributos físicos e químicos de um latossolo, cultivado com cana-de-açúcar

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Avaliação dos atributos físicos de um argissolo cultivado com cana-de-açúcar em área com adequação de relevo, utilizando equipamento de preparo profundo e canteirizado do solo

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

Correlação entre produção de feijão e atributos físicos de um Latossolo em Mato Grosso do Sul

In Brazil, common bean is in one of the most representative economic crops, not only because of its growing area but also because of the economic value of its production. In the crop year 2006/07, in Selvíria (MS), we analyzed the common bean yield as a function of some physical attributes of a Typic Acrustox in minimum tillage and center pivot irrigation system. The aim of this work was to evaluate among the soil physical attributes, under minimum tillage, those that better explain the variability of bean yield using the Pearson and spatial correlations,. A geostatistical grid was installed to collect data from soil and plants, with 117 sampling points in an area of 2025 m² and homogeneous slope of 0.055 m m-1. The results showed a low yield of bean, which occurred probably due to a lower density of plants that the system provided. Thus, for the minimum tillage system, the bean yield could be explained as a function of total porosity and bulk density.

Inter-relações da produtividade de cana soca com a resistência à penetração, umidade e matéria orgânica do solo

The sugarcane crop plays an important role on Brazilian economy,, especially in the aspect related to alternative energy sources. Yield of ratoon cane (2nd cycle) was evaluated in relation to resistance to penetration, gravimetric moisture and organic matter in a Typic Tropustalf, in the municipality of Suzanápolis (SP), 20º28'10'' S and 50º49'20'' W, in the Brazilian cerrado, in 2009. The main purpose was to select, among the attributes surveyed, the one with the highest linear and spatial correlations that explains the variability of sugar cane yield. A geostatistical grid was installed in order to collect data from the soil as well from the plant, with 120 sampling points in an area of 14.53 ha. Organic matter correlated linearly and negatively with penetration resistance, indicating that the soil management practices that aim its increase in the soil profile can improve soil physical conditions, and consequently, the development and yield of sugarcane. Both gravimetric moisture (UG) and content of soil organic matter (OM) correlated directly, linearly (UG2 and MO1) and spatially (UG1 and MO1) with sugarcane yield, proving to be the best attributes, among the evaluated ones, to estimate and increase the sugarcane yield.

Geoestatística na avaliação dos atributos físicos em latossolo sob floresta nativa e pastagem na Região de Manicoré, Amazonas

The use of geostatistical techniques allows detection of the existence of dependence and the spatial distribution of soil properties, thus constituting an important tool in the analysis and detailed description of the behavior of soil physical properties. The aim of the present study was to use geostatistics in assessment of physical properties in a Latossolo (Oxisol) dystrophic under native forest and pasture in the Amazon region of Manicore. Grids with of 70 x 70 m were established in native forest and pasture, and points were marked in these grids spaced at every 10 m, for a total of 64 points. These points were then georeferenced and in each one, soil samples (128) were collected at the depths of 0.00-0.20 and 0.40-0.60 m for a survey of their physical properties. These grids are parallel at a distance of 100 m from one another. The following determinations were made: texture, bulk density and particle density, macroporosity, microporosity, total porosity and aggregate stability in water. After tabulating the data, descriptive statistical analysis and geostatistical analysis were performed. The pasture had a slight variation in its physical properties in relation to native forest, with a high coefficient of variation and weak spatial dependence. The scaled semivariograms were able to satisfactorily reproduce the spatial behavior of the properties in the same pattern as the individual semivariograms, and the use of the parameter range of the semivariogram was efficient for determining the optimal sampling density for the environments under study. The geostatistical results indicate that the removal of native forest for establishing pasture altered the natural variability of the physical properties.

Comportamento dos óxidos de ferro da fração argila e do fósforo adsorvido, em diferentes sistemas de colheita de cana-de-açúcar

In agriculture, the search for higher crop yields based on sustainable soil management has led to a gradual pursuit of knowledge of the variables related to production systems. The identification of the causes of variability of these properties has become a part of strategic planning in the sugar and ethanol industry. This study investigated the spatial variability of iron oxides in the clay fraction and its relationship to soil physical and chemical properties in different sugarcane cultivation systems in the region of Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo State. Two 1-ha plots were outlined in areas with mechanical and manual harvesting systems. Soil samples were taken at 126 points from the 0.00-0.25 m layer in both areas. The mineralogical and chemical data were subjected to geostatistical analyses, to determine the spatial dependence, semivariograms and kriging maps of the properties. To analyze the correlation between the parameters cross-semivariograms were constructed. The spatial variability of chemical properties was greater in areas with mechanical harvesting than burnt harvesting (manual harvesting), whereas the range of the mineralogical properties was largest in the area of green-harvested sugarcane. The properties organic matter, mean crystal diameter goethite had a negatively spatial correlation, while clay was positive correlated with P sorption in the two sugarcane harvest systems.

Corn productivity in function of surface application of lime in differents management systems and cultural preparation

The evaluation of technologies employed at the agricultural production system such as crop rotation and soil preparation, both associated with crop-livestock integration, is crucial. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the incorporation of lime for three no-tillage systems and cultural managements in system of crop-livestock integration, with emphasis on corn grain yield. The experiment was conducted from January 2003 to April 2005 at Selvíria city, MS, in Dystroferric Red Latosol, clay texture. The experimental design was randomized blocks with split plots consisted of three main treatments, aimed the soil physics conditioning and the incorporation of lime: PD - No-no-tillage; CM - minimum no-tillage, and PC - conventional no-tillage; and of two secondary treatments related to the management: rotation and crop succession, with four replications. Data on agronomic traits of maize were analyzed: plant height, stem diameter, height of the first spike insertion, 100 grains weight and grain yield. The results showed that the maize produced under the system of crop-livestock integration is quite feasible, showing that grain yields are comparable to averages in the region and the different soil physical conditioning and incorporation of lime did not influence the corn yield as well as the cultural managements, rotation and succession, did not affect the maize crop behavior after two years of cultivation.

Caracterização de um latossolo em sistemas agroflorestais e mata com o uso de análise estatística multivariada

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo) - FCAV

Compactação e lâminas de água do solo para a colheita de tapetes de grama

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Irrigação e Drenagem) - FCA

Atributos da solução e do solo de cerrado após aplicação de resíduo da extração de celulose

Pós-graduação em Agronomia - FEIS

Variabilidade espacial de atributos físicos de solos antropogênico e não antropogênico na região de Manicoré, AM

Better knowledge of the anthropogenic soils can help create future scenarios for the Amazon region through information that supports the sustainable planning. The aim of this study was to evaluate the spatial variability of soil physical anthropogenic and not anthropogenic in the region of Manipur, AM. In the study area we selected two, one with no anthropogenic soils (native forest) and another with anthropogenic soils (black earth archaeological). In each area, we established a grid measuring 70 x 70 m and the soils were sampled at the points of intersection of the grid with regular spacing of 10 by 10 feet, making a total of 64 sampling points in each landscape. Soil samples were collected at a depth from 0.0 to 0.10 I did the analyzes physical (texture, bulk density, macroporosity, microporososidade, porosity and aggregate stability). Then, the data were subjected to descriptive statistics and geostatistics. It was found that the anthropogenic and non-anthropogenic soils showed different behaviors in relation ace their spatial structures. The spatial variability that prevailed in anthropogenic and non-anthropogenic soil was moderate and weak indicating that these soils are strongly linked to changes in the soil by extrinsic factors. The soil was observed anthropogenic best results for total porosity, microporosity and bulk density, showing superior characteristics compared for agronomic soil not anthropogenic. And the range of values found in the above two areas were used in the mesh, showing greater spatial continuity in these environments.

Comportamento da cana-de-açúcar em duas safras e atributos físicos do solo, sob diferentes tipos de preparo

The tillage comprises on average 25% of the cost of deploying a reed, so this cost reduction measures are desirable since they do not compromise the quality of the operation and longevity of sugarcane. The objective was to evaluate the effect of different tillage systems in Acrustox, correlating soil physical properties and characteristics of sugarcane agroindustrial plant cane and ratoon cane. We used five types of soil tillage, over experimental design in blocks with five replications. The particle size was measured every 0.1 m to 0.4 m depth, through deformed soil samples collected at the end of the first growth cycle of the culture. For other soil physical properties: bulk density, total porosity and water content, assessments were performed at the end of each cycle, collecting soil samples in layers of 0-0.20 to 0.21-0.40 m, in addition to performing the penetration resistance, using a penetrometer impact. The response of sugarcane depending on the types of tillage was determined from the evaluation of productivity per hectare of stem (TCH), sugar (TPH), the values of pol % cane (AP), sugar total recoverable (ATR) and fiber samples collected at harvest stalk of sugarcane plant and ratoon cane. In the tillage studied, there was a change of the physical attributes of the soil, causing reduced productivity in 2009/2010 crop, compared with the 2008/2009 season. In tillage system of furrowing direct lowest result was observed for TCH, especially in 2009/2010 crop, when the difference with conventional tillage was 20.53 Mg ha(-1).

Caracterização de solos sob diferentes usos na região sul do Amazonas

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)