Reentrant Phase Diagram of Network Fluids

We introduce a microscopic model for particles with dissimilar patches which displays an unconventional "pinched'' phase diagram, similar to the one predicted by Tlusty and Safran in the context of dipolar fluids [Science 290, 1328 (2000)]. The model-based on two types of patch interactions, which account, respectively, for chaining and branching of the self-assembled networks-is studied both numerically via Monte Carlo simulations and theoretically via first-order perturbation theory. The dense phase is rich in junctions, while the less-dense phase is rich in chain ends. The model provides a reference system for a deep understanding of the competition between condensation and self-assembly into equilibrium-polymer chains.

Fatores de risco para nascimento de crianças pequenas para idade gestacional

OBJETIVO: Determinar os fatores de risco para o nascimento de crianças pequenas para a idade gestacional. MÉTODOS: Nos meses de outubro a dezembro de 1996, cinco maternidades de Pelotas, RS, foram visitadas diariamente para entrevistar puérperas. O peso ao nascer foi obtido do registro dos berçários. A idade gestacional foi calculada a partir da data da última menstruação. Considerou-se como pequena para a idade gestacional (PIG) aquelas crianças cujo peso ao nascer, de acordo com o sexo e a idade gestacional, estava abaixo do percentil 10 da população de referência de Williams. O teste qui-quadrado foi usado nas análises bivariadas e a regressão logística, não-condicional, na análise multivariada. RESULTADOS: Foram estudadas 1.082 puérperas e a prevalência de nascimento PIG foi de 13,1%. Mesmo após controle para possíveis fatores de confusão, as crianças cuja renda familiar era <1 salário-mínimo apresentaram uma maior chance de serem PIG (OR: 8,81 IC95% 1,12-69,46) do que aquelas com renda Symbol>³10 salários-mínimos. Um pré-natal de baixa qualidade também aumentou a chance de PIG (OR: 3,28 IC95% 1,09-9,91). Baixa estatura materna e exposição ao tabaco também estiveram associados com nascimentos PIG. CONCLUSÕES: O baixo nível socioeconômico, tabagismo materno, estatura materna e pré-natal de baixa qualidade foram os principais fatores de risco para PIG.

Impacto funcional da internação hospitalar de pacientes idosos

OBJETIVO: Descrever as alterações da capacidade funcional de idosos durante a internação hospitalar e o grau de associação dessas alterações na ocasião da alta hospitalar a variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados 94 pacientes internados em enfermaria geriátrico gerontológica de um hospital escola, com idades entre 65 e 94 anos. A primeira avaliação da capacidade funcional (número de atividades cotidianas comprometidas) dos idosos foi realizada em até 24 horas da entrada do paciente e a última, imediatamente após a alta. Os pacientes sofreram intervenções terapêuticas rotineiras por equipe interdisciplinar. Os dados foram analisados pelo teste qui-quadrado, tanto para a linha de base como em relação à análise dos resultados obtidos com a internação hospitalar (Symbol>a£0,05). RESULTADOS: Dos pacientes estudados, 25,6% obtiveram melhora na capacidade funcional, 34,0% não sofreram alterações funcionais, 19,1% pioraram funcionalmente e 21,3% faleceram durante o período. Houve correlação significante entre a piora funcional e a presença déficit cognitivo, delirium e baixa capacidade funcional na entrada no hospital. CONCLUSÕES: A capacidade funcional é um importante marcador de saúde em idosos hospitalizados. A melhora funcional durante a internação está associada a menores dificuldades nas atividades diárias referidas no momento da entrada no hospital e melhores condições clínicas.

Fungidal and bacterial activity of N,N-dimethyl-4-(2,2,2-trichloro-1-(phenylamino)ethyl)aniline

N,N-dimethyl-4-((phenylamino)methyl)aniline (1) was prepared by condensation of aniline and 4-(dimethylamino)benzaldehyde [1] N,N-dimethyl-4-(2,2,2-trichloro-1-(phenylamino)ethyl)aniline (2) was synthesized by trichloromethylation of the imine (N,N-dimethyl-4-((phenylimino)methyl)aniline (1)) with trichloroacetic anhydride under microwave irradiation [2] (Sheme 1). The present work reports the study of bacterial and yeast activity for the compound 2. The bacteria used in this study are Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and the yeast are Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Candida albican.The results that we will present are the determination of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), by means of microdilution by plate method and the specific growth constants for this microorganism. Further studies are being performed to determine viability and cellular injury with this drug.

Three-dimensional patchy lattice model for empty fluids

The phase diagram of a simple model with two patches of type A and ten patches of type B (2A10B) on the face centred cubic lattice has been calculated by simulations and theory. Assuming that there is no interaction between the B patches the behavior of the system can be described in terms of the ratio of the AB and AA interactions, r. Our results show that, similarly to what happens for related off-lattice and two-dimensional lattice models, the liquid-vapor phase equilibria exhibit reentrant behavior for some values of the interaction parameters. However, for the model studied here the liquid-vapor phase equilibria occur for values of r lower than 1/3, a threshold value which was previously thought to be universal for 2AnB models. In addition, the theory predicts that below r = 1/3 (and above a new condensation threshold which is < 1/3) the reentrant liquid-vapor equilibria are so extreme that it exhibits a closed loop with a lower critical point, a very unusual behavior in single-component systems. An order-disorder transition is also observed at higher densities than the liquid-vapor equilibria, which shows that the liquid-vapor reentrancy occurs in an equilibrium region of the phase diagram. These findings may have implications in the understanding of the condensation of dipolar hard spheres given the analogy between that system and the 2AnB models considered here. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4771591]

O serviço público de televisão nos Açores: legitimação e condicionalismos

Dissertação de Mestrado, Ciências da Comunicação (Ciências da Linguagem e da Comunicação), 8 de Novembro de 2013, Universidade dos Açores.

Viola da terra, património e identidade açoriana

Dissertação de Mestrado, Património, Museologia e Desenvolvimento, 3 de Julho 2013, Universidade dos Açores.

Videovigilância, compressão e criptografia

Mestrado em Engenharia Electrotécnica e de Computadores

A linguagem do espaço em Henry James: a fase madura

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Análise e optimização dos consumos de utilidades (vapor e energia eléctrica) na Petibol – Embalagens de Plásticos, S.A.

Mestrado em Engenharia Química. Ramo optimização energética na indústria química.

Capillary bridging and long-range attractive forces in a mean-field approach

When a mixture is confined, one of the phases can condense out. This condensate, which is otherwise metastable in the bulk, is stabilized by the presence of surfaces. In a sphere-plane geometry, routinely used in atomic force microscope and surface force apparatus, it, can form a bridge connecting the surfaces. The pressure drop in the bridge gives rise to additional long-range attractive forces between them. By minimizing the free energy of a binary mixture we obtain the force-distance curves as well as the structural phase diagram of the configuration with the bridge. Numerical results predict a discontinuous transition between the states with and without the bridge and linear force-distance curves with hysteresis. We also show that similar phenomenon can be observed in a number of different systems, e.g., liquid crystals and polymer mixtures. (C). 2004 American Institute of Physics.

How patchy can one get and still condense? The role of dissimilar patches in the interactions of colloidal particles

We investigate the influence of strong directional, or bonding, interactions on the phase diagram of complex fluids, and in particular on the liquid-vapour critical point. To this end we revisit a simple model and theory for associating fluids which consist of spherical particles having a hard-core repulsion, complemented by three short-ranged attractive sites on the surface (sticky spots). Two of the spots are of type A and one is of type B; the interactions between each pair of spots have strengths [image omitted], [image omitted] and [image omitted]. The theory is applied over the whole range of bonding strengths and results are interpreted in terms of the equilibrium cluster structures of the coexisting phases. In systems where unlike sites do not interact (i.e. where [image omitted]), the critical point exists all the way to [image omitted]. By contrast, when [image omitted], there is no critical point below a certain finite value of [image omitted]. These somewhat surprising results are rationalised in terms of the different network structures of the two systems: two long AA chains are linked by one BB bond (X-junction) in the former case, and by one AB bond (Y-junction) in the latter. The vapour-liquid transition may then be viewed as the condensation of these junctions and we find that X-junctions condense for any attractive [image omitted] (i.e. for any fraction of BB bonds), whereas condensation of the Y-junctions requires that [image omitted] be above a finite threshold (i.e. there must be a finite fraction of AB bonds).

Criticality of colloids with distinct interaction patches: The limits of linear chains, hyperbranched polymers, and dimers

We use a simple model of associating fluids which consists of spherical particles having a hard-core repulsion, complemented by three short-ranged attractive sites on the surface (sticky spots). Two of the spots are of type A and one is of type B; the bonding interactions between each pair of spots have strengths epsilon(AA), epsilon(BB), and epsilon(AB). The theory is applied over the whole range of bonding strengths and the results are interpreted in terms of the equilibrium cluster structures of the phases. In addition to our numerical results, we derive asymptotic expansions for the free energy in the limits for which there is no liquid-vapor critical point: linear chains (epsilon(AA)not equal 0, epsilon(AB)=epsilon(BB)=0), hyperbranched polymers (epsilon(AB)not equal 0, epsilon(AA)=epsilon(BB)=0), and dimers (epsilon(BB)not equal 0, epsilon(AA)=epsilon(AB)=0). These expansions also allow us to calculate the structure of the critical fluid by perturbing around the above limits, yielding three different types of condensation: of linear chains (AA clusters connected by a few AB or BB bonds); of hyperbranched polymers (AB clusters connected by AA bonds); or of dimers (BB clusters connected by AA bonds). Interestingly, there is no critical point when epsilon(AA) vanishes despite the fact that AA bonds alone cannot drive condensation.

Longe da vista, longe do coração: o design como “âncora” visual e elemento agregador da atividade museológica

To become an open to outer space, the "museum" acquired new forms and new expressions. The complexity of museological activity thus leads to new representations that alter the initial image of the museum as a building with objects. Their 'boundaries' are now less sharp, not only in relation to the spatial relationship, but also to its temporal dimension, creating an additional challenge which is the recognition of the museum itself. The design, while transdisciplinary activity, thereby assumes a key role in the communication of the museums in its visual representation and recognition of their action. The present study results from a survey conducted in 2010 to 364 Portuguese museums (from a universe of 849 museums), presenting an analysis to its base elements of visual expression of identity (name, logo, symbol, and color).

Projecto e concepção de instalação frigorífica a NH3, para uma unidade de congelação de frangos em contínuo, na Venezuela

Trabalho Final de Mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica