Effects of perturbations on estuarine microcosms

Microcosms containing planktonic communities from Chesapeake Bay responded to enrichment with sewage by developing larger standing crops of phytoplankton and zooplankton. Data suggest that increased productivity would be reflected up the food chain but might increase existing problems with dissolved oxygen and might lead to qualitative changes in the composition of the zooplankton. Either phosphorus or nitrogen was removed more rapidly from solution depending on where and when the experimental water was obtained. Increases in standing crop of algae were associated with loss of nitrogen from solution in two experiments and losses of both nitrogen and phosphorus from solution in one experiment.

Sexual differentiation and gonad development in striped mullet (Mugil cephalus L.) from South Carolina estuaries*

This study examined the sexual differentiation and reproductive dynamics of striped mullet (Mugil cephalus L.) in the estuaries of South Carolina. A total of 16,464 specimens were captured during the study and histological examination of sex and maturity was performed on a subsample of 3670 fish. Striped mullet were sexually undifferentiated for the first 12 months, began differentiation at 13 months, and were 90% fully differentiated by 15 to 19 months of age and 225 mm total length (TL). The defining morphological characteristics for differentiating males was the elongation of the protogonial germ tissue in a corradiating pattern towards the center of the lobe, the development of primary and secondary ducts, and the lack of any recognizable ovarian wall structure. The defining female characteristics were the formation of protogonial germ tissue into spherical germ cell nests, separation of a tissue layer from the outer epithelial layer of the lobe-forming ovarian walls, a tissue bud growing from the suspensory tissue that helped form the ovary wall, and the proliferation of oogonia and oocytes. Sexual maturation in male striped mullet first occurred at 1 year and 248 mm TL and 100% maturity occurred at age 2 and 300 mm TL. Female striped mullet first matured at 2 years and 291 mm total length and 100% maturity occurred at 400 mm TL and age 4. Because of the open ocean spawning behavior of striped mullet, all stages of maturity were observed in males and females except for functionally mature females with hydrated oocytes. The spawning season for striped mullet recruiting to South Carolina estuaries lasts from October to April; the majority of spawning activity, however, occurs from November to January. Ovarian atresia was observed to have four distinct phases. This study presents morpholog ical analysis of reproductive ontogeny in relation to size and age in South Carolina striped mullet. Because of the length of the undifferentiated gonad stage in juvenile striped mullet, previous studies have proposed the possibility of protandric hermaphrodism in this species. The results of our study indicate that striped mullet are gonochoristic but capable of exhibiting nonfunctional hermaphroditic characteristics in differentiated mature gonads.

South Carolina/Common Pleas Court Circuits Meeting Benchmark

This is a list of the courts in all the circuits of South Carolina and the percentage of cases disposed of in 365 day or less. None of the courts met the 80% benchmark.

Know your own state : South Carolina

This publication is a booklet published by the Standard Oil Company that serves as a guide to the state of South Carolina, including history, geography, maps, and automobile care information.

A decade of school progress 1914-1924

This document contains Power W. Bethea’s discussion on South Carolina public schools progress of South Carolina, during the decennium of 1914-1924. It includes purpose of the study, method of study, and information sources. It also provides descriptions of statewide and nationwide accomplishments from 1914 to 1924.

Ghostly endings: the evolution of J.M. Barrie’s 'Farewell Miss Julie Logan'

This article critically examines the evolution of J.M. Barrie's final prose work, from working notes and manuscript to its two extant published versions.

Evaluation of selective erosion control techniques : Piedmont region of S.E. United States /

Mode of access: Internet.

A dictionarie of the French and English tongues. Reproduced from the 1st ed., London, 1611.

Mode of access: Internet.

The South Carolina state budget for the fiscal year ending ... /

Description based on: 1928.

Birds of South Dakota.

Bulletin, University of South Dakota, series XXI: no. 9. March, 1921.

The public life of Thomas Cooper, 1783-1839.

Mode of access: Internet.

Is American citizenship a privilege or a gift? : are we in danger of becoming "A nation of which the legislators vote as they are bid..." /

Cover title.

Wild flowers of South Dakota; describing and illustrating fifty-two common wild flowers of South Dakota,

Mode of access: Internet.