Autoconceito e percepção sobre o envelhecimento dos profissionais que lidam diariamente com o idoso

O presente estudo tem como principal objectivo explorar a relação entre o autoconceito e a percepção sobre o envelhecimento dos funcionários de uma instituição de 3ª idade que têm um contacto directo com o idoso no exercício das suas funções. Participaram no estudo 148 sujeitos, 135 do sexo feminino e 12 do sexo masculino, com idades compreendidas entre os 21 e os 65 anos. Para a avaliação do autoconceito foi utilizada a Escala de Autoconceito, versão portuguesa em fase experimental (Novo, 2002) da Tenesse Self-Concept Scale (TSCS:2) de Fitts e Warren (1996), enquanto para avaliar a percepção sobre o envelhecimento foi administrado o Questionário de Percepções sobre o Envelhecimento, versão portuguesa em fase experimental (Beja & Franco, 2009) do Aging Perceptions Questionnaire (APQ) de Barker, O´Hanlon, McGee, Hickey e Conroy (2007). Os resultados deste estudo demonstram que os adultos com mais idade apresentam uma percepção do envelhecimento mais negativa e têm um autoconceito mais fraco, principalmente a nível físico e académico. Por outro lado, os indivíduos com mais habilitações académicas e formação na área de saúde têm uma percepção sobre o envelhecimento mais positiva. Quanto à relação entre autoconceito e percepção sobre o envelhecimento, os sujeitos com um autoconceito mais forte apresentam uma percepção sobre o envelhecimento mais positiva.

Análise conceitual e pensamento crítico: uma relação complementar na enfermagem

ENDERS, Bertha Cruz ; BRITO RS ; MONTEIRO, Akemi Ywata. Analise conceitual e pensamento critico: uma relacao complementar na enfermagem. Rev Gaucha Enferm, Porto Alegre (RS) 2004 dez;25(3):295-305.

Análise conceitual e pensamento crítico: uma relação complementar na enfermagem

O propósito deste trabalho é mostrar a relação entre o processo de análise conceitual e as habilidades de pensamento crítico na enfermagem. Utilizando uma abordagem de ensaio discursivo, argumenta-se que a técnica de análise conceitual promove a criticidade em alunos de enfermagem. Os passos da atividade de análise são examinados quanto às operações cognitivas neles inseridas e que representam habilidades de raciocínio crítico. Reflete-se sobre a análise conceitual como atividade didática na promoção do pensamento crítico em uma experiência com alunos de graduação. Conclui-se que os dois processos se complementam no repensar e no enfrentamento de desafios na enfermagem

Autoestima e qualidade de vida de pessoas com úlcera venosa atendidas na atenção primária

Venous ulcers (VU) is a chronic injury of the lower extremities and because of its high incidence and recurrence implies long and complex treatments, damaging the quality of life (QOL) and self-esteem (SE) of the people. This study aimed to analyze the association between self-esteem with the quality of life of people with venous ulcers treated in primary care. Cross sectional analytical study with a quantitative approach conducted with 44 people met with VU at 13 primary care units 2 and Mixed units in Natal/RN. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee in Research of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), CAAE: 07556312.0.0000.5537. Held data collection from February to April 2014 and used three instruments: a structured form covering sociodemographic, health care and clinical variables, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and the SF-36. The collected data were entered into a database and processed on computerized software for descriptive and inferential analyzes. The results showed a predominance of people with UV females (65,9%), with more than 60 years (59,1%), married or in a stable relationship (52,3%), low education (86,4%) without occupation (68,2%) and less than one minimum wage income (81,8%). Regarding assistance characteristics was observed that most patients performed the dressing with appropriate material (72,7%), professional or trained caregiver (61,4%) did not use compression therapy (81,8%), treating the injury for more than 6 months (77,3%), lack of guidelines for the use of compression therapy, elevation of legs, and regular exercise (77,3%) and consulting the angiologist last year (52,3% ). Regarding clinical features of the lesion was found that most of the recurrent lesions are (77,3%), over one year of current lesion (52,3%) medium to large lesions (54,8%), without signs of infection (61,3%) and pain (79,5%). The mean SE of respondents was 9,3 (± 5,1). The relations between the SE and the sociodemographic variables, health care and clinics showed that individuals without a partner (a) (p = 0,01), who did not wear compression therapy (p = 0,04), with more 6 months of treatment (p = 0,01) and larger lesions (p = 0,01) had a lower SE. The mean domain and the dimensions of the SF-36 were lower emphasizing the functional capacity 36.5 (± 27,6) and the physical aspects of 15.3 (± 30,6). There were significant correlations between AE people with VU and the domains and dimensions of the SF-36: physical functioning (r = -0,432), general health (r = -0,415), vitality (r = -0,573), aspects social (r = -0,517), mental health (r = -0,612) and mental health dimensions (r = -0,612) and physical health (r = -0,473). Based on these results it is concluded by rejecting the null hypothesis and accept the alternative proposed in the study in which it was found that there is a negative correlation between the SE and the QOL of people with venous ulcers

A percepção de enfermeiros sobre o cuidar de pacientes com problemas físicos que interferem na autoimagem: uma abordagem fenomenológica

O presente estudo tem como objetivo compreender a percepção e o significado do cuidar de pacientes com problemas de auto-imagem, resultantes de alteração física, por enfermeiros de um hospital universitário. A trajetória metodológica foi a fenomenologia, os sujeitos da pesquisa foram oito enfermeiros. Para a análise dos depoimentos, realizou-se a transcrição e as leituras, buscando a essência das unidades, expressão dos significados, tematizando e interpretando as falas, buscando convergências, divergências e idiossincrasias e a síntese do fenômeno. Os temas desvelados foram: (não)aceitação da enfermidade; trabalho em equipe; limitações conseqüentes da doença; sentimentos e comportamento do enfermeiro e equipe; vínculo entre equipe, paciente e família; a família; auto-imagem do paciente; idade dos pacientes; o preconceito; (re) conhecimento da doença; nível e cuidados mais intensos; a religião e capacitação. Pela amplitude do fenômeno outros ângulos podem ser desvelados e outras perspectivas habitadas.

Psychological evaluation of patients scheduled for orthognathic surgery.

Using a questionnaire, 41 patients scheduled for orthognathic surgery were evaluated pre- and postoperatively to determine some of their psychological characteristics and treatment outcome from the patient's standpoint. Among other conclusions, the results showed that some patients may not fully understand the details of their deformity, despite a full explanation by the orthodontist and surgeon. Expectations regarding treatment outcome may be unrealistic even in patients with valid self-motivation for surgery. Social adjustment usually improves after treatment. Functional changes were noticed by over 80% of the patients and esthetic changes in over 90%.

Avaliação da sintomatologia afetiva e cognitiva de adolescentes epilépticos

The present work aimed to study the relationship between epileptic condition and psychological activity. The purpose of this investigation was to identify cognitive complaints and affective disturbs, like depressive disorders, and to compare both with epileptic condition. Forty epileptic adolescents, aged from 13 to 19 years old were analyzed. These patients were a consecutive series of males and females attending the Neuroepilepsy Center from the Universidade Estadual de Campinas, SP, and from lower social-economic background. The methodological procedures included specific questionnaires (a open and a assertive kind), and the Zung Self-rating Depression Scale. Cognitive alterations like thinking slowness or memorizing complaints in many patients, and affective disorders like depressive disturbs in 82.5% were the basic findings. The results also showed association between frequency of seizures and depressive disturbs; and between chronicity of epileptic condition and depressive disturbs. The discussion of these data suggests a relationship of epileptic condition with psychological reactions. We concluded that it is necessary to elevate the self-concept of these depressive patients in order to reduce their psychic suffering.

Oral health of the elderly with Alzheimer's disease

Objective: The objective of this study was to describe the oral health of elderly people diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Study Design: Thirty elderly subjects with AD (mild, moderate, and severe) and 30 without AD (controls) were included in the study. Volunteer-reported oral health data were collected using the General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI). Demographic and oral characteristics were assessed, including the number of natural teeth; number of decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMTF); oral health index (OHI); removable prosthesis conditions; and oral pathologies. Results: GOHAI values were similar for both groups. Compared with the controls, the subjects with AD had a higher age, DMTF, OHI, and number of oral pathologies and a lower educational level and number of natural teeth. Conclusions: Elderly subjects with AD had poorer oral health than those without the disease. Despite the positive self-perception of their oral health, the oral health of subjects with AD tended to decline as their disease progressed. © 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Psychosocial impact on anophthalmic patients wearing ocular prosthesis

The aim of this study was to assess the improvement in psychosocial awareness of anophthalmic patients wearing ocular prostheses and its relationship with demographic characteristics, factors of loss/treatment, social activity, and relationship between professional and patient. Surveys including a form for evaluation of psychosocial pattern were conducted with 40 anophthalmic patients rehabilitated with ocular prosthesis at the Center of Oral Oncology in the authors' dental school from January 1998 to November 2010. The improvement in psychosocial awareness was assessed by comparing the perception of some feelings reported in the period of eye loss and currently. Wilcoxon tests were applied for comparison of patients' perception between the periods. χ2 tests were used to assess the relationship between the improvement in psychosocial awareness and the variables of the study. In addition, the logistic regression model measured this relationship with the measure of odds ratio. The feelings of shame, shyness, preoccupation with hiding it, sadness, insecurity and fear were significant for improvement in psychosocial awareness. It was concluded that the anophthalmic patients wearing an ocular prosthesis has significant improvement in psychosocial awareness after rehabilitation. © 2012 International Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons.

Metas de realização e autoconceitos de estudantes de ciências em contexto de ensino com pesquisa

Objetivamos verificar se a frequência, participação e aprendizagem em um projeto de pesquisa estariam relacionados com transformações nas metas de realização e autoconceitos de estudantes de ciências. Realizamos a pesquisa em uma escola pública, numa turma de trinta estudantes do 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental. Os estudantes investigaram os saberes de moradores do município de Benfica-PA, a respeito de plantas medicinais e suas relações com a degradação ambiental. Inicialmente, cerca de 75% da turma apresentou meta aprender e 45% apresentou autoconceito positivo. Ocorreram poucas mudanças nas metas e autoconceitos. A maioria dos estudantes teve frequência alta ou regular. Cerca de metade da turma apresentou participação baixa e aprendizagem insuficiente. O autoconceito positivo esteve associado à meta aprender e a melhores níveis de participação e aprendizagem. Tais resultados são corroborados pela literatura. Entretanto, a compreensão de outros resultados que obtivemos demanda um enfoque interpretativo diferente.

Dental fluorosis and its influence on children’s life

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Correlação entre autoestima e grau de severidade da disfunção temporomandibular em sujeitos controle e afetados

INTRODUCTION: Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) have association with psychological manifestations. OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study were to correlate the severity of TMD and the level of self-esteem, and to investigate sex‑related differences. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We evaluated 57 subjects of both gender, with mean age of 20.28 ± 2.07 years, through the Fonseca Anamnesis Index (FAI) and Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (RSS). Correlations between variables were performed using the Spearman correlation coefficient; comparisons between the genders were performed using the Mann-Whitney test. It was considered a significance level of 5%. RESULT: No differences were found for the comparisons between the gender in the FAI (p = 0.79) and the RSS (p = 0.90). RSS correlates with the FAI in women (p = 0.01), but in men this result does not occur (p = 0.07). CONCLUSION: We concluded that women are more likely to have emotional disturbances resulting from changes in the temporomandibular joint than men.

Clareamento dentário x autoestima x autoimagem

Dental changes that compromise facial harmony can have serious consequences on the social image of the patient. Depending on the emotional significance for the individual it can change interpersonal relationships, causing profound changes in their patterns of self-acceptance and self-image, with profound effects on their self-esteem of the patient. The search for tooth whitening as cosmetic factor for a harmonic smile grew sharply in the last decade. Although the color of the tooth represents only one aspect in the set of determinants of facial harmony, it is a strong factor because it is quickly perceived. This study aims to report the clinical case of a patient with spots on their upper central incisors. For the patient these spots have compromised her smile, causing harm and discomfort in their everyday social and professional relationships.

Nível de satisfação dos pacientes edêntulos reabilitados com prótese total na faculdade de odontologia de Adamantina FAI

The population’s life expectancy is growing every year. This fact highlights the importance of the elderly for the dentistry. The oral cavity quality has great influence on quality of life at both the biological and the psychological and social factors by maintaining a self-esteem, self-expression, communication and satisfactory facial aesthetics. Unfortunately, the number of edentulous elderly population is also high, which may create problems to their social life. Therefore, the objective of this study was to demonstrate and evaluate the difficulties of treating edentulous patients, comparing data prior to treatment to post data after treatment by complete dentures made to the patients undergoing oral rehabilitation in the Dental Clinic of the Faculty of Dentistry of Adamantina – FAI. For this study, questionnaires were filled in the form of answers developed alternative focused on the degree of patient satisfaction, the current situation of occlusion, and outcome of treatment. The results showed that 96% of patients were satisfied with the results obtained in the treatment, all of whom believed that the prosthesis helped them feel better aesthetically and improved self-esteem. By this methodology, it was concluded that the degree of satisfaction was high, but the services provided must be constantly reevaluated, once the elderly population presents a wide labor market for dental professionals and demand level services will certainly increase each year.