La interactividad en la educación a distancia.

Informe sobre las posibilidades de interactividad en la educación tanto en la modalidad presencial como en la modalidad a distancia. Concretamente en la modalidad a distancia se discuten aspectos relacionados con el entorno del estudiante, el de los autores/tutores, el de los recursos de información/gestión y el de las telecomunicaciones. También se plantean cuestiones relacionadas sobre cómo desarrollar la interactividad a distancia a través de los proyectos CO-LEARN, Multimedia TeleSchool (MTS) y EPOS (European PTT Open Learning Service), desarrollados en el ámbito del programa DELTA de la Unión Europea así como el proyecto ETSIT, desarrollado a nivel nacional ,promovido por el Colegio Oficial de Ingenieros de Telecomunicación.

Gestão intercultural : o trabalhador brasileiro nas empresas portuguesas : visão qualitativa

O Objetivo deste estudo exploratório é obter informações sobre a qualidade do relacionamento entre o trabalhador brasileiro e as empresas portuguesas, tomando como base o ponto de vista holístico. Geralmente consideradas “pessoas despreparadas” de visão estreita, o estudo pretende não só verificar se estas opiniões são de fato aplicáveis ao perfil dos trabalhadores brasileiros bem como verificar também, se a mesma influência o estabelecimento de uma relação “saudável” dentro das organizações e por fim se as mudanças no comportamento dos empresários portugueses estão levando a um melhor desempenho desses trabalhadores. O estudo compreende uma descrição que constituem vários suportes de argumentações em variados campos da ciência e a prática administrativa, uma vez que elas não estão dissociadas. Os resultados do presente estudo mostram um período de transição, coerente com a mudança de paradigma que está ocorrendo na teoria das organizações. Também revela alguns problemas, tais como a dificuldade de comunicação, e, um perfil tradicional influenciando fortemente a atitude dos trabalhadores brasileiros e dos gestores nas empresas portuguesas.

Global biomass burning: a synthesis and review of Holocene paleofire records and their controls.

We synthesize existing sedimentary charcoal records to reconstruct Holocene fire history at regional, continental and global scales. The reconstructions are compared with the two potential controls of burning at these broad scales – changes in climate and human activities – to assess their relative importance on trends in biomass burning. Here we consider several hypotheses that have been advanced to explain the Holocene record of fire, including climate, human activities and synergies between the two. Our results suggest that 1) episodes of high fire activity were relatively common in the early Holocene and were consistent with climate changes despite low global temperatures and low levels of biomass burning globally; 2) there is little evidence from the paleofire record to support the Early Anthropocene Hypothesis of human modification of the global carbon cycle; 3) there was a nearly-global increase in fire activity from 3 to 2 ka that is difficult to explain with either climate or humans, but the widespread and synchronous nature of the increase suggests at least a partial climate forcing; and 4) burning during the past century generally decreased but was spatially variable; it declined sharply in many areas, but there were also large increases (e.g., Australia and parts of Europe). Our analysis does not exclude an important role for human activities on global biomass burning during the Holocene, but instead provides evidence for a pervasive influence of climate across multiple spatial and temporal scales.

Dominant β-catenin mutations cause intellectual disability with recognizable syndromic features

The recent identification of multiple dominant mutations in the gene encoding β-catenin in both humans and mice has enabled exploration of the molecular and cellular basis of β-catenin function in cognitive impairment. In humans, β-catenin mutations that cause a spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorders have been identified. We identified de novo β-catenin mutations in patients with intellectual disability, carefully characterized their phenotypes, and were able to define a recognizable intellectual disability syndrome. In parallel, characterization of a chemically mutagenized mouse line that displays features similar to those of human patients with β-catenin mutations enabled us to investigate the consequences of β-catenin dysfunction through development and into adulthood. The mouse mutant, designated batface (Bfc), carries a Thr653Lys substitution in the C-terminal armadillo repeat of β-catenin and displayed a reduced affinity for membrane-associated cadherins. In association with this decreased cadherin interaction, we found that the mutation results in decreased intrahemispheric connections, with deficits in dendritic branching, long-term potentiation, and cognitive function. Our study provides in vivo evidence that dominant mutations in β-catenin underlie losses in its adhesion-related functions, which leads to severe consequences, including intellectual disability, childhood hypotonia, progressive spasticity of lower limbs, and abnormal craniofacial features in adults

Aerosol inorganic composition at a tropical site: Discrepancies between filter-based sampling and a semi-continuous method

The concentrations of the water-soluble inorganic aerosol species, ammonium (NH4+), nitrate (NO3-), chloride (Cl-), and sulfate (SO42-), were measured from September to November 2002 at a pasture site in the Amazon Basin (Rondnia, Brazil) (LBA-SMOCC). Measurements were conducted using a semi-continuous technique (Wet-annular denuder/Steam-Jet Aerosol Collector: WAD/SJAC) and three integrating filter-based methods, namely (1) a denuder-filter pack (DFP: Teflon and impregnated Whatman filters), (2) a stacked-filter unit (SFU: polycarbonate filters), and (3) a High Volume dichotomous sampler (HiVol: quartz fiber filters). Measurements covered the late dry season (biomass burning), a transition period, and the onset of the wet season (clean conditions). Analyses of the particles collected on filters were performed using ion chromatography (IC) and Particle-Induced X-ray Emission spectrometry (PIXE). Season-dependent discrepancies were observed between the WAD/SJAC system and the filter-based samplers. During the dry season, when PM2.5 (D-p <= 2.5 mu m) concentrations were similar to 100 mu g m(-3), aerosol NH4+ and SO42- measured by the filter-based samplers were on average two times higher than those determined by the WAD/SJAC. Concentrations of aerosol NO3- and Cl- measured with the HiVol during daytime, and with the DFP during day- and nighttime also exceeded those of the WAD/SJAC by a factor of two. In contrast, aerosol NO3- and Cl- measured with the SFU during the dry season were nearly two times lower than those measured by the WAD/SJAC. These differences declined markedly during the transition period and towards the cleaner conditions during the onset of the wet season (PM2.5 similar to 5 mu g m(-3)); when filter-based samplers measured on average 40-90% less than the WAD/SJAC. The differences were not due to consistent systematic biases of the analytical techniques, but were apparently a result of prevailing environmental conditions and different sampling procedures. For the transition period and wet season, the significance of our results is reduced by a low number of data points. We argue that the observed differences are mainly attributable to (a) positive and negative filter sampling artifacts, (b) presence of organic compounds and organosulfates on filter substrates, and (c) a SJAC sampling efficiency of less than 100%.

Miljöperspektiv i historieläroböcker - finns det? : En jämförande undersökning av två gymnasieläroböcker i historia.

Jag hade inte kommit i kontakt med någon undersökning som fokuserat på läroböckers behandling av miljön, vilket lämnade en lucka i forskningen. Syftet med undersökningen blev därmed att försöka fylla denna lucka, vilket skulle uppnås genom att studera två gymnasieläroböcker i historia och deras uttryck för miljöperspektiv. Undersökningens resultat visar att författarna till båda böckerna ger uttryck för miljöperspektiv, men att det är Epos författare som gör detta mest konsekvent. I båda böckerna behandlas människans samspel med naturen främst i äldre kulturer, men även i stor utsträckning i samband med industrialiseringen samt under miljödebatten som växte fram på 1960-talet. Vad det gäller karaktären på de miljöperspektiv som uttrycks så utgår majoriteten av dessa från hur naturen och de omgivande förutsättningarna påverkat människan och dess samhällen. Den andra sidan av myntet, hur människan påverkat naturen, kommer därmed till viss del i skymundan. Den tidsdimension som anläggs i miljöperspektiven är i båda böckerna främst i dåtid och förklarar därmed hur människan påverkat naturen och vice versa i det samhälle som behandlas. Vad det gäller kopplingen mellan då-nu-sedan så är det författarna till Alla tiders historia Maxi som ger uttryck för flest sådana miljöperspektiv, vilket görs i behandlingen av tiden efter 1965.

Um modelo de competição baseada em tempo nos mercados financeiros

O objetivo deste trabalho é modelar o comportamento estratégico dos indivíduos diante de um choque estocástico que desloca o preço de determinado ativo financeiro do seu equilíbrio inicial. Investiga-se o caminho do preço de mercado em direção ao novo equilíbrio, conduzido pelas sucessivas negociações dos agentes em busca de oportunidades de obter lucros imediatos. Os operadores, que por suposição possuem funções de utilidade avessas ao risco, devem escolher a quantidade ótima transacionada e quanto devem aguardar para executar as suas ordens, tendo em vista a diminuição da volatilidade do preço do ativo à medida que as transações se sucedem após o choque. Procura-se demonstrar que os operadores que aceitam incorrer em riscos mais elevados negociam com maior frequência e em volumes e velocidades maiores, usufruindo lucros esperados mais altos que os demais.

Relatório de estágio de educação física realizado na Escola Básica dos 2º e 3º Ciclos Dr. Eduardo Brazão de Castro

O presente relatório de estágio tem por objetivos, descrever e refletir, de forma clara e objetiva, as atividades desenvolvidas durante o estágio pedagógico (EP) no âmbito do curso de Mestrado em Ensino da Educação Física nos ensinos Básico e Secundário da Universidade da Madeira. O EP foi realizado na Escola dos 2º e 3º Ciclos Dr. Eduardo Brazão de Castro no ano letivo de 2011/2012. Este documento circunscreve as quatro áreas de intervenção expressas nas linhas programáticas do EP: a prática letiva, as atividades de integração do meio, atividade de intervenção da comunidade educativa e as atividades de natureza científico-pedagógica. Para cada uma destas áreas, foram definidos os objetivos, as metodologias, as dificuldades e todas as reflexões inerentes à sua implementação. A prática letiva, que compreende o planeamento, a realização, a avaliação reformulação e assistência a aulas, foi uma área de intervenção cujo investimento foi superior, dada a sua importância na nossa formação profissional. As atividades de integração no meio (atividades no âmbito da direção de turma e ação de extensão curricular) ajudaram a perceber o papel efetivo do professor numa escola. Estas atividades permitem ainda, que o professor estude as turmas que leciona, obtendo informações essenciais ao planeamento e estruturação do processo ensino-aprendizagem, assim como na conceção das atividades extracurriculares. A atividade de intervenção na comunidade escolar, direcionada para toda a comunidade educativa, procurou sobretudo, criar um contexto favorecedor da prática de atividade física e combater assim os estilos de vida cada vez mais sedentários da nossa sociedade. Finalmente, as atividades científico-pedagógicas procuraram o debate de ideias concretas sobre as metodologias de ensino dos jogos desportivos. O processo de EP afigurou-se como uma das maiores experiências formativas na passagem a professor, pois é o momento para colocar à prova o desenvolvimento das competências profissionais adquiridas ao longo de uma formação académica.

O aspecto polifônico d os Lusíadas

A study about the polyphonic aspect of The Lusiads. An epic poem in Portuguese Language written by Luís de Camões, that narrates the adventure of the journey of Vasco da Gama in the discoverer of new shipping lanes for the Índias. Secondarily, tells the historics battles engaged during the process of foundation and consolidation of the Portuguese Empire. The object of the study are the diverse speeches that compose the poem s narration, aiming at to the possible aesthetic relation of the epic poetry of Camões with the novelistic prose developed in the modernity, starting with D. Quijote and consacrating it at polyphonic novels written by Dostoiévski. The sdudy focuses the singularity of Camões lies in the elaboration of a narrative structurally epic, but at the same time contains several deviating speeches. Such speeches emphasize the multiple planes and multiple voices (characteristics of novelistic prose) without, however, prejudice the interlinking logical-formal epos, resulting in the monological finish conventional of the epic gender. This feature characterizes The Lusiads as monological literary work, but also shows dialogism and plurilinguism, essentials to the polyphonic phenomenon. Another prominent aspect of the poetry of Camões is the relative procedure to the expressiveness of the characters. They are, in the majority, rhetorical creations, which assume, in the speech, human or myhtological characteristics. Stratagem that permits to the poet to emit a multiple faces of vision of the facts told. The analysis of the speeches supports-itself entirely in the polyphonic theory of Mikhail Bakhtin, shall be cited, accessory, viewpoints of others theoretical, as long if it is judged compatible with the theory adopted

O Aleph e seus duplos: mimesis e auto-reflexividade na obra de Jorge Luis Borges

This study approach the Jorge Luis Borges s prose of fiction under the perspective of mimesis and the self-reflexivity. The hypothesis is that the Aleph is a central symbol of the Borges s fictional universe. The rewriting and the retake of this symbol along of his work entail to a reflection about the possibilities and the limits of mimesis. This study is divided in three parts which contain two chapters. The first part Bibliographic revision and conceptual fundaments of inquiry discuss the critical fortune of author (Chapter 1) and the concepts that will give sustentation to the inquiry (Chapter 2). The second part About the Borges s aesthetic project sketch out the literary project defended by Borges that is his conception of the literature and his ideological matrix (Chapter 3) beside his anti-psychologism and his nostalgia of epos (Chapter 4). The third and last part is entitled The Aleph and his doubles. In the chapter 5 this study analyses the short story El Aleph and consider its centrality on the Borges s work. The argument that is on this short story Borges elaborates a reflection about mimesis. In the chapter 6, on the same hand, four short stories will be analysed: Funes el memorioso ; El Libro de Arena ; El evangelio según Marcos and Del rigor en la ciencia . The conclusion that is the Borges s literature is self-awake of its process as such demonstrate its parodic sense and its bookish origin. Hence, the Borges s literature overlapping the mimetic crisis of language and challenge the limits between fiction and reality. However, it doesn t surrender to the nihilist perspective that is closing of literature to the world

Aspects of gene regulation in the diploid and tetraploid Odontophrynus americanus (Amphibia, Anura, Leptodactylidae)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Possible transmission of adverse shocks from the recent financial crisis to Central America through trade finance

Includes Bibliography

El mercado de carbono en América Latina y el Caribe: balance y perspectivas

Incluye Bibliografía

México: ¿cómo inciden las políticas monetarias en las tasas de desempleo?

Incluye Bibliografía

Mexico: what is the impact of monetary policy on unemployment rates?

Includes bibliography