Morphology of the walls of the cavernous sinus of Cebus apella (tufted capuchin monkey)

The morphology of the dura mater and its relationship with the structures of the cavernous sinus were analyzed in five tufted capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella) using histological sections, showing that the walls of the cavernous sinus of this species are similar to those of other primates, including man. Except for the medial wall of the cavernous sinus, the remaining walls consist of two distinct dura mater layers. The deep layer of the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus is contiguous to the sheath of the oculomotor, trochlear and ophthalmic nerves. Arterioles, venules, venous spaces, neuronal bodies and nervous fiber bundles are found on this lateral wall.

Elevation of boiling point of coffee extract

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Participation of the deltoid (anterior portion) and pectoralis major (clavicular portion) muscles in different modalities of supine and frontal elevation exercises with different grips

The muscles deltoid-anterior portion (DA) and pectoralis major-clavicular portion (PMC) were analysed to establish the muscular behavior and intensity patterns, as well to evaluate the connected participation of these muscles during supine and frontal elevation exercises. Twenty-four male volunteers were examined using a 2-channel TECA TE4 electromyograph and Hewlett Packard surface electrodes. Our results showed low levels of activity to PMC in frontal elevation exercises, whereas to DA the levels were very high. In the supine exercise, the action potential levels developed by the PMC were always lower than those presented by DA, however, with action simultaneity. Some suggestions to the use of the tested exercises are presented.

Conservative treatment of patients with periapical lesions associated with extraoral sinus tracts

This paper describes the clinical courses of three cases with extra-oral sinus tract formation, from diagnosis and treatment to short-term follow-up and evaluation. All teeth involved had periradicular radiolucent areas noted on radiographic examination and extra-oral sinus tracts appearing on the chin with exudation and unpleasant aesthetic appearance. The adopted treatment protocol included treating the sinus tract surface simultaneously with the root canal therapy. After root canal shaping using 5.25% sodium hypochlorite solution, calcium hydroxide-based pastes associated with different vehicles were inserted into the root canal for 4 months, and were changed monthly. All the sinus tracts healed in 7 to 10 days. The apical lesions were completely repaired in a maximum period of 24 months. The treatment adopted provided a complete healing of the periapical lesions in a short follow-up period. Surgical repair of the cutaneous sinus tract was therefore unnecessary. © 2007 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2007 Australian Society of Endodontology.

Vascular pericranial graft: A viable resource for frontal sinus obliteration

Inappropriate treatments of frontal sinus fractures may lead to serious complications, such as mucopyocele, meningitis, and brain abscess. Assessment of nasofrontal duct injury is crucial, and nasofrontal duct injury requires sinus obliteration, which is often accomplished by autologous grafts such as fat, muscle, or bone. These avascular grafts have an increased risk of resorption and infection, as well as donor site morbidity. For these reasons, pericranial flap, which is vascular, should be used for frontal sinus obliteration. The pericranial flap presented with less morbidity procedure and has decreased infection rates, which justifies its use in frontal sinus obliteration. This paper aims to report a case of a comminuted frontal sinus fracture in a 29-year-old man who was successfully treated by frontal sinus obliteration, using pericranial local flap. The patient was followed up postoperatively for 16 months without infection. Copyright © 2013 by Mutaz B. Habal, MD.

Autogenous bone combined with anorganic bovine bone for maxillary sinus augmentation: Analysis of the osteogenic potential of cells derived from the donor and the grafted sites

Objectives: This study aimed to comparatively evaluate the in vitro osteogenic potential of cells obtained from the mandibular ramus (MR, autogenous bone donor site) and from the maxillary sinus (MS) bone grafted with a mixture of anorganic bovine bone (ABB) and MR prior to titanium implant placement (MS, grafted implant site). Material and methods: Cells were obtained from three patients subjected to MS floor augmentation with a 1: 1 mixture of ABB (GenOx Inorg®) and MR. At the time of the sinus lift procedure and after 8 months, prior to implant placement, bone fragments were taken from MR and MS, respectively, and subjected to trypsin-collagenase digestion for primary cell culturing. Subcultured cells were grown under osteogenic condition for up to 21 days and assayed for proliferation/viability, osteoblast marker mRNA levels, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and calcium content/Alizarin red staining. ALP activity was also determined in primary explant cultures exposed to GenOx Inorg® (1: 1 with MR) for 7 days. Data were compared using either the Mann-Whitney U-test or the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: MS cultures exhibited a significantly lower osteogenic potential compared with MR cultures, with a progressive increase in cell proliferation together with a decrease in osteoblast markers, reduced ALP activity and calcium content. Exposure of MR-derived primary cultures to GenOx Inorg® inhibited ALP activity. Conclusion: These results suggest that the use of GenOx Inorg® in combination with MR fragments for MS floor augmentation inhibits the osteoblast cell differentiation at the implant site in the long term. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons A/S.

Anterior pericranial flap for frontal sinus duct obliteration: Is it a valuable resource?

Inappropriate treatments of frontal sinus fractures may lead to serious complications, such as mucopyocele, meningitis, and brain abscess. Assessment of nasofrontal duct injury is crucial, and nasofrontal duct injury requires sinus obliteration, which is often accomplished by autogenous grafts such as fat, muscle, or bone. These avascular grafts have an increased risk of resorption and infection and donor site morbidity. For these reasons, pericranial flap, which is vascular, should be used for frontal sinus obliteration. The pericranial flap presented with less morbidity procedure and has decreased infection rates, which justifies its use in frontal sinus obliteration. This study aimed to report a case of a comminuted frontal sinus fracture with a brief literature review, regarding the use of pericranial flap. The authors report a case of a 23-year-old male subject with a severely comminuted fracture of the anterior and posterior walls of the frontal sinus. The patient was successfully treated by cranialization with frontal sinus duct obliteration, using anterior pericranial flap. The patient was followed up for 16 months with no postoperative complication, such as infection. Pericranial flap is a good resource for frontal sinus duct obliteration because it is a durable and well-vascularized flap, which determines low rates of postoperative complications. Copyright © 2013 by Mutaz B. Habal, MD.

Paranasal sinus infection causing orbital subperiosteal abscess: Surgical management of this devastating entity

Background: Orbital infection is an uncommon devastating infection and is usually a complication of paranasal sinus infection. Without appropriate treatment, orbital infection may lead to serious complications, even death. Prompt treatment is mandatory to avoid visual loss or intracranial complications. The literature shows that initially, intravenous antibiotics should be administered, and after 48 h, if no improvement appears, the affected orbit and the sinuses must be surgically drained. The authors describe two cases of orbital cellulitis with a brief literature review. Case report: The authors describe two cases of orbital abscess caused by paranasal sinus infection. In case 1, the patient presented a decreased visual acuity associated with ophthalmoplegia of the right eye. In case 2, the patient presented a decreased visual acuity. Thus, administration of intravenous antibiotic combined with surgical drainage was performed. After surgical procedure, eye movements were normalized in case 1, and in both patients, the visual acuity returned to normal parameters. Discussion: The authors recommend early surgical drainage with parenteral antibiotic administration and careful postoperative observations by monitoring the signs and symptoms of the orbital complaint. © 2012 Springer-Verlag.

The use of elevation map histograms for topographic heterogeneity analysis

Surface defects are extremely important in mechanical characterization of several different materials. Therefore, the analysis of surface finishing is essential for a further simulation of surface mechanical properties in a customized project in materials science and technology. One of the methods commonly employed for such purpose is the statistical mapping of different sample surface regions using the depth from focus technique. The analysis is usually performed directly from the elevation maps which are obtained from the digital image processing. In this paper, the possibility of quantifying the surface heterogeneity of Silicon Carbide porous ceramics by elevation map histograms is presented. The advantage of this technique is that it allows the qualitative or quantitative verification of all surface image fields that cannot be done by using the Surface Plot plugin of image J™ platform commonly used in digital image processing. © 2012 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.

Disturbances, elevation, topography and spatial proximity drive vegetation patterns along an altitudinal gradient of a top biodiversity hotspot

The correlation between vegetation patterns (species distribution and richness) and altitudinal variation has been widely reported for tropical forests, thereby providing theoretical basis for biodiversity conservation. However, this relationship may have been oversimplified, as many other factors may influence vegetation patterns, such as disturbances, topography and geographic distance. Considering these other factors, our primary question was: is there a vegetation pattern associated with substantial altitudinal variation (10-1,093 m a.s.l.) in the Atlantic Rainforest-a top hotspot for biodiversity conservation-and, if so, what are the main factors driving this pattern? We addressed this question by sampling 11 1-ha plots, applying multivariate methods, correlations and variance partitioning. The Restinga (forest on sandbanks along the coastal plains of Brazil) and a lowland area that was selectively logged 40 years ago were floristically isolated from the other plots. The maximum species richness (>200 spp. per hectare) occurred at approximately 350 m a.s.l. (submontane forest). Gaps, multiple stemmed trees, average elevation and the standard deviation of the slope significantly affected the vegetation pattern. Spatial proximity also influenced the vegetation pattern as a structuring environmental variable or via dispersal constraints. Our results clarify, for the first time, the key variables that drive species distribution and richness across a large altitudinal range within the Atlantic Rainforest. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.

Avaliação hormonal, eletrolítica e eletrocardiográfica de cadelas em eutocia e distocia

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

Reconhecimento semi-automático de sinus frontais para identificação humana forense baseado na transformada imagem-floresta e no contexto da forma

Pós-graduação em Ciência da Computação - IBILCE

DIGITAL ELEVATION MODEL VALIDATION WITH NO GROUND CONTROL: APPLICATION TO THE TOPODATA DEM IN BRAZIL

Digital Elevation Model (DEM) validation is often carried out by comparing the data with a set of ground control points. However, the quality of a DEM can also be considered in terms of shape realism. Beyond visual analysis, it can be verified that physical and statistical properties of the terrestrial relief are fulfilled. This approach is applied to an extract of Topodata, a DEM obtained by resampling the SRTM DEM over the Brazilian territory with a geostatistical approach. Several statistical indicators are computed, and they show that the quality of Topodata in terms of shape rendering is improved with regards to SRTM.

Estudo comparativo da reparação de membranas sinusais e da formação óssea no interior do seio maxilar em coelhos após enxertos ósseos (Sinus Lift), com selante de fibrina e membrana de colageno

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)