Metodologia para determinação de volume de detenção em pequenas bacias urbanas: o caso do córrego Wenzel, Rio Claro/SP

With the accelerated urbanization process of Brazil from the 50s, there was a disorderly occupation of spaces and consequent soil sealing. Unlike this growth, the support capacity of urban environments has not evolved in the same way, generating negative environmental impacts to the citizens. Among these impacts are the effects of flooding. In order to minimize the negative effects of extreme precipitation over cities, the government invests in corrective measures, like compensatory techniques on urban drainage, which have as a basic principle the retention and infiltration of the rainfall, dampening the peak flow and runoff. An example of applying these techniques in urban areas are the detention basins, commonly called large pools. The hydraulic design of these structures is dependent of complex data and variables, and projects involving small areas generally use simplified methods for defining the reservoirs volume of the storage (Tassi, 2005). One of these methods is presented in this study, which relates to the percentage of soil sealing to the specific storage volume (m³/ha) in combination by applying the hydrological model of the Rational Method and analyzing regional rainfall and soil occupation over the basin. Within this context, the basin of the Wenzel stream, which is located amidst the urban area of Rio Claro/SP, also presents the problems related to human occupation in its valley. Thus, by the method presented has been adjusted a curve correlating the percentage of impermeable area and the specific volume of a detention basin. For the current situation of Wenzel Basin with 82% of impermeable area, and return period of 10 years, the specific volume is 262.1 m³/ha. The presented method is consistent with the results of other studies in the area, and the expression obtained allows estimating the volume of storage required to match hydrograph pre and post-occupancy. It presents itself as a useful tool in the planning stage of...

Dinâmica da vegetação de uma floresta paludosa no município de Rio Claro - SP

Swamp forests, are laid down in the lowlands, with almost permanent presence of water on the soil surface and generally occupy portions fairly flat. In 2003 a phytosociological survey was conducted of the tree and shrub component of a swamp forest established on a steep slope in Rio Claro - SP, through the use of 45 permanent plots of 10 mx 10 m (0.45 ha) divided into three blocks: 1, 2 and 3. The present study aimed to review these plots and discuss the dynamics of vegetation in the swamp forest in question period of eight years. Altogether 1529 individuals were found alive, belonging to 29 families and 47 species. It can be observed that there was a decrease of one family (Flacourtiaceae) and two species (Xylosma tweediana, Inga marginata) in relation to 2003. In general there was a loss not only in number of individuals, but basal area and species diversity. The Block 1 was the only one to show a positive balance in terms of numbers of individuals (2.75%); in Block 2, there was little variation (1.72%) which is negative; whereas Block 3 had the largest decrease, 19.18%. The mortality rate (2.74% / year) for the community remained higher than the recruitment (1.81% / year). There was a decrease (3.19%) of total basal area of the sample relative to 2003, with the highest relative dominance by Calophyllum brasiliense. The decline in diversity of species could be evidenced by the Shannon index, which was 2.0 nats.individual-1 and evenness of 0.52. The most important species (IVI) were Euterpe edulis, Calophyllum brasiliense and Magnolia ovata, together accounting for 59% of IVI community. High mortality and low recruitment rates indicate disturbances in the community, some factors such as proximity to roads, the different soil types associated with a high rate of water saturation and the declivity are crucial to the balance within the community

Ambiente percebido e sua associação com a atividade física total no lazer em adultos residentes no município de Rio Claro, SP

Introduction: Given the repercussion of the important role of physical activity in the prevention of sickness and non-communicable diseases / loss, many works have been done in order to understand the association of sociodemographic characteristics with sedentarism. The elements which influence the physical activity practice are countless. Besides the intrapersonal element, environment elements (social environment, cultural environment, public politics, information environment, natural environment etc.) are also important in the life style. Yet, the way that the person understands the environment can be considered in the planning of the strategies to change the sedentary behavior. Objective: Verify the association of the environment perception with the practice of physical activity (FA) at leisure time in adults living in Rio Claro – SP. Methodology: The sample consists of 470 adults, all residente in rio Claro-SP, aged ≥ 18 years old. The chosen participants answered to the questionnaires: Neighborhood Environmental Walkability Scale (NEWS), International Physical Activity (IPAQ) and to a specific questionnaire with personal data (age, sex, educational level, economical level, weight, height and marital status). The analysis of the connection between the variables was done through the Logistic Regression with Confidence Interval of 95%, using the software SPSS 17.0. Those who reached the recommendation of 10 minutes or more of physical activity in leisure time for week were classified as active, and those who did not reach the recommendation were classified as underactive. Results: The proportion of subjects who practiced physical activity in leisure time was 38,7%, and the male subjects, as well as those classified as better social level showed higher chances to practice at least 10 minutes weekly of physical activity during leisure. Still, walking the dog, soccer fields and gardens near the house (less than 10 walking minutes), were...

Avaliação do gerenciamento e disposição final dos resíduos químicos de laboratórios do IGCE, UNESP - Rio Claro/SP

Laboratory of Chemical Waste Management programs are being implemented in various universities of the country and the world, in recognition of the urgent need to change the reality of disregard for the environment, together with objective responsibility of the generator, and especially the awareness of sustainability. Analysis and research laboratories involve a range of waste in developing their studies with intrinsic characteristics related to their form of generation. The amount of waste generated in this segment is negligible compared to industrial activities, but the environmental issue is that these residues do not have a standard technique for treatment due to the potential variation of its composition. This research project, aiming their suitability and continuous improvement, aims to diagnose and analyze the current situation of the management and disposal of chemical waste generated by the laboratories IGCE UNESP, Campus Rio Claro / SP. Universities, through their research, teaching and extension, end up generating potentially hazardous chemicals that may contaminate the environment when they are disposed of improperly, with no concern for the environment and / or public health. Aiming to assist in improvements with respect to this issue, the purpose of this study is to understand the management and disposal of chemical waste from the IGCE, laboratories UNESP - Rio Claro / SP, in order to discuss the situation of such waste, and present proposals to reduce generation of the same and minimizing the environmental impact, thereby increasing the local hygiene through proper disposal. The research instrument used interviews, questionnaires, review of recent literature and observations were made in order to develop proposals for the management and disposal of waste. These proposals based on prevention and corrective control, where the preventive approach aims at lifting techniques and actions to reduce the generating sources and...

Relação solo-paisagem em um transecto da depressão periférica e do planalto ocidental, região de Rio Claro (SP)

As unidades de paisagens naturais se diferenciam pelo relevo, clima, cobertura vegetal, solos ou até mesmo pelo arranjo estrutural e do tipo de litologia. A caracterização pedológica e o entendimento das relações entre pedologia, geologia e geomorfologia são importantes para a compreensão da distribuição dos solos numa paisagem. Considerando esta como sendo uma combinação dinâmica e instável de elementos físicos, biológicos e antrópicos, e estando em constante evolução, realizou-se o estudo das características químicas, físicas, mineralógicas e morfológicas das coberturas superficiais de uma mesma Unidade Fisiográfica na região do Planalto Ocidental e da Depressão Periférica Paulista nas proximidades de Rio Claro – SP, para a compreensão de suas relações genéticas e cronológicas na evolução das paisagens da área. Para isso foram comparados os solos de dois transectos dentro dos compartimentos, levantando e analisando as características citadas para que se possa obter informações que permitiram o diagnóstico da evolução da área, visando contribuir para o avanço das coberturas superficiais e sua relação com a evolução da paisagem. Foi possível compreender determinados processos e produtos que deram origem às coberturas superficiais e consequentemente a algumas paisagens representativas da Quadrícula de São Carlos a partir dos métodos empregados. O estudo das coberturas de alteração intempérica da região centro-oeste paulista, e seu reconhecimento, são fundamentais para o ordenamento territorial e seu planejamento regional

Um estudo sobre aspectos da gestão dos resíduos sólidos no município de Ribeirão Preto (SP)

Since the beginning of it’s existence the humankind coexists with the production of waste, both organics and inorganics. Over the years the world population is raising, and consequently the different kinds of waste, causing significant problems not only for the public authorities, but also for the population, not only those related with its final or temporary destination but also with its crescent production. Considering it, the cities are not able to handle there volumes, and its landfills and dumps are working over their capacities, leading to a serie of environmental problems due to the lost of environmental quality and the natural and social vulnerabilities arising. This paper plans to working over visits, photographic registration and a review on the theme literature, study the perception and valuation of the landscape on the Ribeirão Preto landfill, São Paulo state (SP), that today is disabled but still an area of risk and environmental vulnerability, well as the perception of environmental quality in the surrounding population

Geotecnologias para a análise da bacia hidrográfica do Córrego Wenzel - Rio Claro/SP: proposta de gestão de recursos hídricos

The expansion of urban in medium-sized citie, increase the importance of action planning and management of natural resources, among which water is the most important. Such action should include the integration of physical and man-made elements involved. In this context, it becomesimportant for watershed analysis and the use of geotecnologies. Thus, the objective was to demonstrate the contribution of the geo, as a tool for managing a river basin, allowing the integration of physical data and the analysis of anthropogenic environmental scenarios in urban areas. The area chosen, the basin of the Wenzel, is located in Rio Claro / SP, a city whose urbanization process has been intense and continuous. Thematic maps were generated from the physical environment: soil, slope and geological, as well as maps of land use. With regard to land use maps, these were drawn from the visual interpretation of material aerophotogrammetric, considering the years 1995 and 2010, performing an evolutionary analysis. It was observed that the area presents small variation in the physical and structural aspects, with lithological and geomorphological formation favoring the occurrence of floods, erosion and siltation. These processes are accelerated by the forms of land use, with intense urbanization during the period between 1995 and 2010, and poor preservation of permanent preservation areasand. In the floodplain areas there is a high waste disposal is the most notable environmental problem

Avaliação da vulnerabilidade a contaminação das águas subterrâneas do aquífero Rio Claro na mineração Mandu, distrito de Ajapi - Rio Claro-SP

Groundwater in the Rio Claro district is predominantly extracted from low productivity wells on the Itararé Aquifer, from depths greater than 150 m. These factors in conjunction with increasing demand for water supply have stimulated many industries to exploit the Rio Claro Aquifer, constituted by Cenozoic sediments of the Rio Claro Formation, where hydraulic properties are poorly known. For this reason, it is necessary to study the possible vulnerable to contamination punctual locations of the aquifer, in order to enable proper management of these groundwater reserves and to allow continuity of supply. Thus, this study aims to assess the vulnerability to groundwater on contamination Rio Claro Aquifer, punctually in Mandu mining site area, located in the District of Ajapi, Rio Claro - SP, the company which operates and sells industrial sand. The risk of groundwater contamination depends on the relationship between the hydrogeological characteristics of the aquifer layer (vulnerability to contamination) and the pollutant load. To evaluate the susceptibility to contamination it was applied the method GOD (FOSTER and HIRATA, 1987; FOSTER et. al., 2002) and, in addition, field and laboratory tests were performed to chacacterize the granulometry of the strata, hydraulic conductivity and some physical indices to make the evaluation more assertive and detailed. Punctual contamination vulnerability found in the aquifer Rio Claro, was moderate, which means that the aquifer is vulnerable to some contaminants, but when continuously discharged or leached. Thus, Mandu mining has a great role on preventing the emission of contaminants in the process of extraction and processing of sand... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Inventário de abelhas solitárias (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) com o auxílio de ninhos-armadilhas no campus da Unesp de Rio Claro - SP

As abelhas solitárias são caracterizadas pela independência da fêmea em construir e aprovisionar sozinha seus ninhos, sem auxílio, cooperação ou divisão de trabalho entre as fêmeas de uma mesma geração, ou entre mãe e filhas. Dentro deste grupo, se enquadram aquelas que nidificam em cavidades pré-existentes. O objetivo deste trabalho é inventariar as espécies de abelhas solitárias no Campus da UNESP de Rio Claro - SP com o auxílio de ninhos-armadilha. Para este estudo foram escolhidos quatro locais, e em cada um foram expostos 212 ninhos-armadilha, confeccionados com cartolina preta, fechados numa das extremidades, todos com o mesmo comprimento, porém diferentes quanto ao diâmetro: 12,0 x 0,6 cm (ninho pequeno, NP) e 12,0 x 0,8 cm (ninho grande, NG). Esses ninhos foram arranjados dentro de tubos de PVC e apoiados em prateleiras ou em troncos, sempre a 1,40 metros de altura e protegidos contra o sol e chuva. A amostragem dos ninhos foi realizada no período entre maio de 2009 e abril de 2010, com coletas a cada dez dias. Cada ninho retirado foi reposto para manter o número de ninhos disponíveis. O período de emergência foi acompanhado de maio de 2009 a agosto de 2010. Apenas um ponto de amostragem houve coletas de ninhos de abelhas, o “Sítio de Nidificação”, com nidificação de sete espécies de abelhas pertencentes às famílias Apidae, Centris (Hemisiella) tarsata, Centris (Heterocentris) analis, Tetrapedia curvitarsis e Tetrapedia diversipes, e Megachilidae, Carloticola sp., Epanthidium tigrinum e Megachile sp. A espécie mais abundante foi Tetrapedia curvitarsis, seguida por Centris (Heterocentris) analis e Tetrapedia diversipes. A construção de ninhos foi maior durante o período chuvoso, havendo no mês de fevereiro de 2010 maior abundância de nidificações (23%) assim como maior riqueza de espécies nidificando (n = 6). Neste mesmo mês também... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

O processo de envelhecimento e a transição demográfica na cidade de Rio Claro - SP

The proposed work aims to analyze the due process of demographic transition and pronounced population aging present in the city of Rio Claro-SP and the implications that such situation entails the locality. Given that the city is at an advanced point of this phenomenon is noticed a large contingent of people aged over 65 years living on site, so they depend on actions in order to live with dignity. Therefore, the project has the aim of investigating the evolution of population, mainly focusing on the plot elderly, verifying the importance of state enterprises that were present in the town in the lives of citizens, for example, FEPASA and Cesp

Mapeamento de áreas susceptíveis para implantação de aterro sanitário no município de Rio Claro, SP

The inadequate disposal of municipal waste is one of the biggest environmental problems. The lack of long public politics makes this problem a challenge to their administrators. Finding a place for the disposal of waste is an easy task and the present work looks forward to a better understanding about the concepts involved in order to choose favorable areas for the development of sanitary landfills, minimizing environmental impacts. In this line of thought several areas in Rio Claro`s region were evaluated according to the environmental terms. The areas which were classified as good or almost good will have a more elaborated study such as field works, evaluation and understanding of the concepts analyzed so that there aren’t any waste of money, work, social and environmental waste in the area. These areas were analyzed according to secondary data such as geological and pedological formation and primary studies such as the assumption of the reality as showed in the map will be made in order to acquire better results.

Relações entre os acidentes de trânsito e a precipitação na área urbana de Rio Claro (SP)

Traffic accidents are considered a concern for both public agencies and for researchers that are seeking alternatives to reduce the number of deaths and incidents. Thus, the aim of this work was to compile a database of traffic accidents recorded for the 2° Sub-Grouping of the Fire Department of the city of Rio Claro (SP) during the years 2008 to 2010 and related to rain. The result allowed profiling of traffic accidents, recognize critical areas and correlate the rain as an interference factor in the occurrence of traffic accidents in Rio Claro (SP)

Resistências e transformações da organização agrária e histórico-cultural do bairro do Sobrado, Rio Claro/SP

O município de Rio Claro, localizado na região central do estado de São Paulo, durante o auge da era do café, da imigração tanto estrangeira como regional e da instalação de várias empresas, dentre elas a Companhia Paulista de Estradas de Ferro se urbanizou num acelerado ritmo, assim como tantas outras cidades do Brasil. Como resultado o aglomerado urbano cresceu, necessitando que seu perímetro expandisse para a zona rural, comprometendo tanto o seu patrimônio histórico quanto o cultural. Antigas propriedades datadas do final do século XIX que resistem à ação do tempo e mantém viva a riqueza e a cultura da época dão lugar à cidade. Esse processo é observado no bairro rural do Sobrado, localizado na região norte de Rio Claro, que vem sofrendo diretamente com a expansão urbana através da criação de novos loteamentos residenciais e comerciais. Portanto, o avanço da urbanização tem provocado à degradação e/ou desaparecimento dos fatos históricos e culturais ainda presentes nos bairros rurais do município

Análise geomorfológica e de impactos ambientais da microbacia do Córrego Wenzel - Rio Claro/SP

This study aimed to survey and analyze the geomorphological aspects of watershed stream Wenzel in Rio Claro, as well as anthropogenic incidents about which he eventually causing serious environmental impacts. All these changes in the natural environment are generated from the constant development of the urban environment, which ends up leaving aside factors relevant to the natural order and that over time they become problems to humans. As various forms of environmental degradation occurring on some form of relief, geomorphology can make a major contribution in this field, since the analysis of the hydrographic network can lead to understanding and explanation of numerous geomorphological issues because the waterways are process morphogenetic the most active in the terrestrial landscape sculpture. The research with a systems approach and vision interrelated aspects in question may even serve as a basis for practical planning and urban management, in addition to detailed study of the area, which is of paramount importance to the local society

Educação ambiental: uma vivência de ensino/aprendizagem no projeto EPA! (Educação, Periferia e Arte), Rio Claro-SP

O Projeto EPA! (Educação, Periferia e Arte) é desenvolvido nos bairros de periferia da cidade de Rio Claro, Jardim Bonsucesso e Jardim Novo Wenzel, no interior de São Paulo. A idéia do Projeto surgiu com a possibilidade de acrescentar elementos novos à educação básica das crianças moradoras dos bairros no período contrário ao período escolar, e tem como objetivo proporcionar vivências para os participantes através de uma educação não formal, ou seja, através da arte, oficinas, reflexões e dança (Break), dando-lhes elementos para construírem outras relações com o meio ambiente e consigo mesmos. No segundo semestre de 2007, o BAIRRO foi escolhido como tema para ser trabalhado com as crianças. Foram realizadas diversas atividades de (re)conhecimento do bairro, de fotografias, desenhos, construção de maquetes, leituras e construção de poesias, com o intuito de estimular os diferentes olhares e formas de expressão das crianças com relação aos sentimentos que possuem do espaço (meio) onde vivem, e com relação às propostas que poderiam apresentar para melhoria do bairro. O objetivo geral deste trabalho de conclusão de curso é avaliar e discutir as atividades relacionadas ao tema BAIRRO, na perspectiva do Ensino/Aprendizagem em Educação Ambiental, realizadas no segundo semestre de 2007 no Projeto EPA! Foram utilizados como base para a reflexão e descrição desse trabalho os materiais produzidos pelas crianças durante esse período, os relatórios das atividades enviados para o Laboratório São Lucas, relatos da autora e de referenciais teóricos como Paulo Freire, Bakthin, Marcos Sorrentino, Isabel C. M. Carvalho, entre outros. As discussões foram conduzidas a partir de leituras e reflexões levantadas pela autora ao analisar todo o material.