Treinamento esfncteriano anal: Estudo transversal em crianças de 3 a 6 anos de idade

Objective: To assess the practice of children's toilet training through interviews with parents and caretakers. Methods: A cross-sectional study of healthy children using a questionnaire applied to parents or caretakers of 100 consecutive children aged 3 to 6 years old. Results: 97% of the children were home-trained by their mothers and 92% of them used their intuition, previous experience with an older child and grandmothers' experience. Bowel and bladder toilet training started simultaneously in 84% of the cases, whereas 41% of the children mastered stool control earlier. Mothers with lower educational level and of social classes C, D and E initiated the training earlier and one of the related reasons was the cost of disposable diapers. Age in initiation or duration of toilet training was similar for boys and girls. Children presented most of the readiness symptoms for toilet training and only a small number of them used a seat reducer or a foot support. There was no increase in constipation prevalence after toilet training and there was no encopresis. Conclusions: Mothers were responsible for bowel toilet training and initiated it with no specialized help. In C-D-E social classes, the cost of diapers was determinant to initiate bowel toilet training.

Ambiente de desenvolvimento e início da vida reprodutiva em mulheres Brasileiras

Modelos teóricos inspirados na teoria da história de vida têm avaliado padrões de reprodução humanos em países desenvolvidos, com resultados ainda não conclusivos. Em vista das condições de vida na população brasileira, foram investigadas relações entre marcos da carreira reprodutiva feminina, condições ambientais e variáveis psicossociais relacionadas às condições de criação. Foram entrevistadas 606 mulheres em seis estados. Os resultados apóiam a teoria da história de vida, mostrando associações entre condições de vida na infância e início da vida sexual e da reprodução, mas não com a idade da menarca. Sugerimos que diferentes marcadores da vida reprodutiva podem estar sob controle de diferentes fenômenos e que a diversidade de condições da população brasileira oferece contextos alternativos para testar hipóteses.

Desvelando a família homoparental: um estudo sobre os relatos de casais homossexuais com filhos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

In defense of mothers; how to bring up children in spite of the more zealous psychologists,

Mode of access: Internet.

Advice to a mother on the management of her children : and on the treatment on the moment of some of [sic] their more pressing illnesses and accidents /

Includes index.

The coming generation /

Includes bibliographies and index.

Deutsches Erziehungsbuch; Ratgeber für Eltern und Erzieher.

Mode of access: Internet.

The Family library (Harper).

Some volumes issued out of chronological sequence.

Babies need fathers, too.

Mode of access: Internet.

An individual study guide to be used, by high school and college students and parent study groups, with Home guidance for young children.

Mode of access: Internet.

How to train children,

Mode of access: Internet.

The psychology of youth; a book for parents,

Mode of access: Internet.

Letters to mothers.

Mode of access: Internet.

The young mother: or, Management of children in regard to health /

Mode of access: Internet.

The family problems handbook;

Mode of access: Internet.