971 resultados para Rapid diagnostic tests
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National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C.
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Mode of access: Internet.
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National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C.
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National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C.
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National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C.
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National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C.
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A collection of miscellaneous pamphlets.
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Thesis (Master's)--University of Washington, 2016-06
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Primary aldosteronism (PA) is a common form of endocrine hypertension previously believed to account for less than 1% of hypertensive patients. Hypokalemia was considered a prerequisite for pursuing diagnostic tests for PA. Recent studies applying the plasma aldosterone/plasma renin activity ratio (ARR) as a screening test have reported a higher prevalence. This study is a retrospective evaluation of the diagnosis of PA from clinical centers in five continents before and after the widespread use of the ARR as a screening test. The application of this strategy to a greater number of hypertensives led to a 5- to 15-fold increase in the identification of patients affected by PA. Only a small proportion of patients ( between 9 and 37%) were hypokalemic. The annual detection rate of aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) increased in all centers ( by 1.3-6.3 times) after the wide application of ARR. Aldosterone-producing adenomas constituted a much higher proportion of patients with PA in the four centers that employed adrenal venous sampling ( 28 - 50%) than in the center that did not (9%). In conclusion, the wide use of the ARR as a screening test in hypertensive patients led to a marked increase in the detection rate of PA. Copyright © 2004 by The Endocrine Society
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A 12-year-old cat was presented to the University of Queensland's Small Animal Teaching Hospital with a 1-day history of left herniparesis of acute onset, with no evidence of trauma or toxin exposure. Neurological examination findings were consistent with a lesion in the caudal left cervical spinal cord (C6 to C8), which was non-painful and had not progressed since the onset of clinical signs. No other abnormalities were found, although myelography showed a mild swelling involving the caudal cervical and cranial thoracic spinal segments. A diagnosis of suspected fibrocartilaginous embolism was made on the basis of the history, clinical presentation and diagnostic tests results, making this case the first report of a suspected fibrocartilaginous embolism in a cat that returned to normal function.
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Canine bleeding disorders arise due to a multitude of conditions and require detailed clinical and laboratory investigation. A productive diagnostic approach depends on a thorough patient history, physical examination, haemostatic screening tests and an array of specific diagnostic tests. Patient history is necessary to assist determination of the onset, severity and possible aetiologies of a bleeding disorder. Similarly, a complete physical examination should ideally allow differentiation between disorders of primary and secondary haemostasis. Following this distinction, a variety of laboratory tests are indicated to further define the nature of the bleeding episode. These tests may be broadly categorised as screening tests of primary haemostasis, secondary haemostasis and fibrinolysis, and specific tests directed at identifying particular disorders. Appropriate utilisation of these tests and interpretation of their results in conjunction with patient signalment, history and clinical signs affords the greatest chance of a successful diagnosis.
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This paper examines UK and US primary care doctors' decision-making about older (aged 75 years) and midlife (aged 55 years) patients presenting with coronary heart disease (CHD). Using an analytic approach based on conceptualising clinical decision-making as a classification process, it explores the ways in which doctors' cognitive processes contribute to ageism in health-care at three key decision points during consultations. In each country, 56 randomly selected doctors were shown videotaped vignettes of actors portraying patients with CHD. The patients' ages (55 or 75 years), gender, ethnicity and social class were varied systematically. During the interviews, doctors gave free-recall accounts of their decision-making. The results do not establish that there was substantial ageism in the doctors' decisions, but rather suggest that diagnostic processes pay insufficient attention to the significance of older patients' age and its association with the likelihood of co-morbidity and atypical disease presentations. The doctors also demonstrated more limited use of 'knowledge structures' when diagnosing older than midlife patients. With respect to interventions, differences in the national health-care systems rather than patients' age accounted for the differences in doctors' decisions. US doctors were significantly more concerned about the potential for adverse outcomes if important diagnoses were untreated, while UK general practitioners cited greater difficulty in accessing diagnostic tests.
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An approach is proposed for inferring implicative logical rules from examples. The concept of a good diagnostic test for a given set of positive examples lies in the basis of this approach. The process of inferring good diagnostic tests is considered as a process of inductive common sense reasoning. The incremental approach to learning algorithms is implemented in an algorithm DIAGaRa for inferring implicative rules from examples.