TRATAMENTO DE SEMENTES DE ARROZ, TRIGO, FEIJÃO E SOJA COM UM PRODUTO FORMULADO À BASE DE CÉLULAS E DE METABÓLITOS DE Bacillus subtilis

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Comportamento dos óleos de girassol, soja e milho em frituras de produto cárneo empanado pré-frito congelado

A utilização crescente de alimentos rápidos determinou a expansão de uma indústria de produtos fritos e pré-fritos. A compreensão das mudanças que o óleo sofre durante os processos de fritura é importante, pois pode levar à otimização destes processos, e a melhoria da qualidade do óleo de fritura e do produto final. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se determinar os níveis de alteração de diferentes óleos vegetais, girassol, soja e milho, no processo de fritura dos snacks produto cárneo empanado pré-frito congelado. As frituras foram conduzidas em temperatura de 180°C, relação superfície/volume (S/V) de 0,3 cm-1 e tempo total de aquecimento de 12 horas. Nos snacks procederam-se as análises de teor de umidade e lipídios; nos óleos as determinações de compostos polares totais, ácidos graxos livres e índice de peróxidos. Nenhuma análise apresentou alteração acima dos limites recomendados por alguns países. Desta forma, concluiu-se que as condições estabelecidas no processo de fritura são seguras, indicando que todos os óleos foram adequados à fritura, sendo o óleo de milho de maior estabilidade oxidativa.

Avaliação dos efeitos de doses de triadimenol e de tebuconazole sobre o crescimento do mesocótilo em plântulas de trigo

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), Anahuac cultivar, were treated with six triadimenol (0,0; 12,5; 25,0; 37,5; 50,0 and 62,5 g of a.i./100 kg of seeds) and tebuconazole (0,0; 7,5; 15,0; 22,5 30,0 and 37,5 g of a.i./100 kg of seeds) dosis to reduce the subcrown internode length and then to deep the point of emission of adventitious roots. Seeds were seeded in pots with soil, with 5 cm of depth and after two weeks the seedlings number was counted and the subcrown internode length (CM) was evaluated. The CM may be represented by the equations: a) CM = 4,49 - 0,1779 x + 0,002161 x2 (r2 = 0,9247); b) CM = 4,62 - 0,29948 y + 0,006480 y3 - 0,00004622 y3 (r2 = 0,9551), where ''x'' and ''y'' represent tebuconazole and triadimenol dosis, respectively. The CM showed minimum values for triadimenol dosis equal to or higher than 37,5 g a.i./100 kg of seeds and for tebuconazole decreased continuously with the increase of the product dosis, showing values near to 1 cm for the maximum dosis. The triadimenol allowed, at suitable dosis, almost total inhibition of the wheat seedlings subcrown internode with no effects on seedling emergence and initial growth.

Comprimento da peça intermediária de espermatozóides bovinos e suas relações com características do sêmen e fertilidade

With the objective of identifying predictors of fertility in bulls, the correlation coefficients of the midpiece length of bovine spermatozoa with semen traits and fertility were estimated. Data were obtained from semen samples of 50 crossbred bulls submitted to a progeny test. The midpiece length was determined in 40 midpieces of each bull through a image analysis system (Videoplan). Besides the physical traits before and after semen freezing, the oxygen consumption rate and the cytochemical activity index were observed. The correlation coefficients were low and non-significant (P> 0.05), indicating that the midpiece length is not a good predictor of fertility.

Relação entre comprimento craniocaudal e diãmetro da vesícula embrionária/fetal com idade de gestação por meio de avaliação ultra-sonográfica em ovino da raça Bergamácia

This study aimed to relate embryonic/fetal vesicle diameter (EVD) and crown-rump length (CRL) to gestational age in ewes from the 15 th to the 45 th day of pregnancy. Nineteen adult Bergamácia ewes with synchronized estrus were mated by the same male. Ultrasonographic evaluations were performed every 24 hours from the 15 th to the 30 th day after mating and every five days from the 30 th to the 45 th day using 5.0 and 7.5MHZ linear transducers. Average daily growth of EVD and CRL were 1.40mm and 1.33mm, respectively. The inverse calibration obtained for EVD was: Days = -11 + 50(0.1 + 0.04log EVD) 1/2 with R 2 = 0.85, and for CRL was: Days = 13.63 + 12.5(- 0.71 + 0.16CRL) 1/2 with R 2 = 0.93. Both EVD and CRL obtained by ultrasonography are useful measurements that allow the prediction of gestational age in Bergamácia ewes.

Relação peso-comprimento e fator de condição para Cichla cf. ocellaris e Cichla monoculus (Perciformes, Cichlidae) no reservatório de Volta Grande, Rio Grande - MG/SP

The aim of this paper was to analyze the length-weight relationship and the condition factor of two species of cichlids (Cichla cf. ocellaris and Cichla monoculus) (Perciformes, Cichlidae) that were inducted in Volta Grande Reservoir, Rio Grande. There was no difference in the length-weight relationship between the sexes for Cichla cf. ocellaris and Cichla monoculus. The allometric condition factor showed a fall in the spring and another smaller one in the winter. It happens when these fishes change their feeding activity. In the spring all the reproductive behavior are developed and, in the winter, there is a shortage of prey. The variation of the relative condition factor followed the variation of the allometric condition factor due to the low contribution of the gonads weight and the small amount of accumulated fat in the total weight. The length distribution, length-weight relationship and condition factor of these fishes vary in accordance with the time of introduction into the reservoir, the characteristics of the ecosystem as well as the interactions among the species at these sites.

Efeito de um novo produto fermentado de soja sobre os lípides séricos de homens adultos normocolesterolêmicos

This study was undertaken to verify the effect of a daily intake of a new fermented soy milk produced with Enterococcus faecium and Lactobacillus jugurti on the serum lipid levels in normocholesterolemic middle-aged men. The study was randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled and was performed for a period of 6 weeks. Forty-four normocholesterolemic healthy, male volunteers, aged 40-55 years old were randomly separated in two groups: The F-group received 200 ml of the fermented product daily and the P-group received 200 ml of placebo (chemically fermented). The blood samples were drawn initially and after 3 and 6 weeks and serum values for total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglyceride were determined. The LDL-cholesterol value was estimated. No significant changes in the fermented group (F) were observed for total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol or triglyceride levels, while the HDL-cholesterol level was significantly higher (p≤ 0,05) after 6 weeks. The total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels were significantly higer (p≤ 0,05) in the placebo group (P), but no changes were found for the HDL-cholestrol and triglyceride levels during the experimental period. In conclusion, the intake of 200 ml/day of the fermented soy milk, produced with E.faecium and L. jugurti, for 6 weeks, did not affect the serum total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol, and led an increase of 10% in the HDL-cholesterol level.

Mensuração do comprimento das fibras para a determinação da madeira juvenil em Eucalyptus citriodora

The juvenile wood has peculiar characteristics from the anatomical structure and physical-mechanical properties, considering these aspects the knowledge of the wood is essential for wood adequate utilization. The aim of this work was to determinate the zone of juvenile wood of pith-bark direction in Eucalyptus citriodora. The juvenile and mature wood zones were determined across fiber length measurement in various height in the tree stem. Results showed that juvenile wood zone occurs approximately up to the 45 at 55 mm from the pith.

Relação peso-comprimento e fator de condição de Brycon opalinus (Pisces, Characiformes) no Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar-Núcleo Santa Virgínia, Mata Atlântica, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil

In this study, the length-weight relationship and the condition factor of Brycon opalinus were analyzed in three rivers within the Santa Virgínia Unit, at Serra do Mar State Park, in São Paulo State. The different conditions in these three environments were evidenced, such as the seasonality, reproductive period, and the differences between females and males according to the parameters which evidenced the best physiological condition of the fish. In this species, the condition factor varied along the seasons at all three collection sites. The length of the first gonadal maturation and the reproductive period were long, with the highest intensity in the spring and summer.

Relação peso-comprimento e fator de condição de Salminus hilarii Valenciennes 1850 (Osteichthyes, Characidae) em um trecho da bacia do rio Sorocaba, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil

The length-weight relationship and condition factor of Salminus hilarii were analyzed in a section of the lower part of the Sorocaba river basin, São Paulo State. By studying male, female and immature individuals separately, different length-weight patterns were found for each. The same happened when distinct seasonal variations of the relationships were compared, related to feeding alterations and to the reproductive period of the species.

Tuberculose e o estudo molecular da sua epidemiologia

Systems that can distinguish epidemiologically-related Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains from unrelated ones are extremely valuable. Molecular biology techniques have allowed a great deal of information to be acquired about the infectious disease tuberculosis (TB) that was very hard or impossible to obtain by conventional epidemiology. A typing method based on bacterial DNA genome differences, known as RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism), is widely used to discriminate strains in the epidemiologic study of TB. However, RFLP is laborious and there is a tendency to replace it by other methods. Thus, other DNA sequences have been employed as epidemiological markers, as in Spoligotyping, a fast technique based on PCR followed by differential hybridization of amplified products. The polymorphism observed among different isolates is probably the product of strain-dependent recombination. MIRU (mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit) typing is a reproducible and fast assay, involving the generation of genotypes based on the study of 12 loci containing VNTRs (variable-number tandem repeats) in strains of the M. tuberculosis complex. It compares strains from different geographic areas and allows the movement of individual lineages to be tracked, as in RFLP. This approach enables a greater number of isolates to be analyzed, leading to the identification of a larger number of foci of transmission within the population and thus to improved ways of slowing the progress of the disease.

Relação peso-comprimento e fator de condição de Cichla kelberi (Perciformes, Cichlidae) introduzidos em um lago artificial no sudeste Brasileiro

The length-weight relationship and condition factor for Cichla kelberi introduced in an artificial lake in southeastern Brazil were analyzed. By studying separately the male, female and immature individuals, different length-weight patterns were found to happen among them. The same happened when distinct seasonal variations were compared. They are related to feeding alterations and me reproductive periods. The length-weight relationship and condition factor for these fishes vary in accordance with the time of introduction, population size, the characteristics of the ecosystem, sexual maturity, as well as the intra- and interspecific interactions.

Dessecação com Glyphosate em pré-colheita e qualidade fisiológica de sementes de soja

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)