Survival of antibiotic resistant Pseudomonas strains in different types of water

A study was conducted to investigate the survival of five Pseudomonas strains resistant to antibiotics in different types of water. The selected Pseudomonas strains were designated as strain P1 (CT-29), strain P2 (CT-25), strain P3 (CT-36), strain P4 (CT-20) and strain P5 (CT-27) which were only recovered from farmed fishes. Six types of water viz., distilled water, saline water, tap water, deionized water, pond water and river water were used. Among these experimental waters, river water was found to be the most suitable for long-term survival of these strains. Deionized water did not support survival of all these Pseudomonas strains. Pond water, tap water and distilled water were moderately suitable for strain P1 and strain P4. Saline water was also found to be highly suitable for long-term survival in case of the strain P3 and moderately suitable for normal survival of strain P2 and strain P5.

Results of the Austrian-Ceylonese hydrobiological mission 1970 of the 1st Zoological Institute of the University of Vienna (Austria) and the Department of Zoology of the Vidyalankara Campus of the University of Ceylon. Pt. 11. Larvae and pupae of water beetles collected from the islands of Ceylon

Water beetle larvae and pupae were collected from the lotic biotopes in localities of the southern part of Ceylon. The species are described and findings are related to previous investigations. The following families were represented: Dytiscidae, Gyrinidae, Hydrophilidae, Helodidae, Dascillidae (Eubrianacinae), Dryopidae and Lampyridae.

The influence of water-miscible solvents on the permeability of clay

Centrifuge tests were carried out to determine the effect of 5 different water-soluble chemicals on a thin consolidated disc of clay. The evolution of changes in the clay permeability with time was investigated and other structural changes due to chemical attack were monitored. The findings presented here demonstrate that the permeability of the clay appear to be generally related to the polarity of the chemicals and the dielectric constant, with the exception of Butanol. In the case of Butanol at low flow rate and low stress level, the action of the chemical caused the clay to crack, with a consequent large increase in flow.

Effect of water on mechanical properties of mineralized tissue composites

In the current study, the effects of polar solvents on tissue volume and mechanical properties are considered. Area shrinkage measurements are conducted for mineralized bone tissue samples soaked in polar solvents. Area shrinkage is used to calculate approximate linear and volume shrinkage. Results are compared with viscoelastic mechanical parameters for bone in the same solvents (as measured previously) and with both shrinkage measurements and mechanical data for nonmineralized tissues, as taken from the existing literature. As expected, the shrinkage of mineralized tissues is minimal when compared with shrinkage of nonmineralized tissues immersed in the same polar solvents. The mechanical changes in bone are also substantially less than in nonmineralized tissues. The largest stiffness values are found in shrunken bone samples (immersed in acetone and ethanol). The mineral phase in bone thus resists tissue shrinkage that would otherwise occur in the pure soft tissue phase. © 2007 Materials Research Society.

Status of water hyacinth infestation and control in River Kagera

During a regional workshop held in Mukono, Uganda (May 2001) by scientists and technocrats from Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda, working on water hyacinth management under the Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project (LVEMP), it was resolved that a survey of River Kagera be made to study the status of water hyacinth infestation and biological control in the river. Reports at the Mukono Workshop indicated that although Tanzania and Uganda had made serious effort to introduced biological control weevils (Neochefina eichhorniae and Neochetina brucht) on the weed in River Kagera, the level of establishment of biological control in the river was doubtful. Large quantities of water hyacinth biomass drifted down River Kagera into Lake Victoria daily. Similar reports of apparent inability of biological control weevils to fully establish and have effect on water hyacinth in River Nile, especially the Upper Victoria Nile, were also made by Uganda, and large quantities of weed biomass continuously drifted down the Upper Victoria Nile into Lake Kyoga. This was in spite of the successful control of the weed in Lake Victoria between 1998 and 2000

Project neptune: Improved operation of water distribution networks

Water service providers (WSPs) in the UK have statutory obligations to supply drinking water to all customers that complies with increasingly stringent water quality regulations and minimum flow and pressure criteria. At the same time, the industry is required by regulators and investors to demonstrate increasing operational efficiency and to meet a wide range of performance criteria that are expected to improve year-on-year. Most WSPs have an ideal for improving the operation of their water supply systems based on increased knowledge and understanding of their assets and a shift to proactive management followed by steadily increasing degrees of system monitoring, automation and optimisation. The fundamental mission is, however, to ensure security of supply, with no interruptions and water quality of the highest standard at the tap. Unfortunately, advanced technologies required to fully understand, manage and automate water supply system operation either do not yet exist, are only partially evolved, or have not yet been reliably proven for live water distribution systems. It is this deficiency that the project NEPTUNE seeks to address by carrying out research into 3 main areas; these are: data and knowledge management; pressure management (including energy management); and the associated complex decision support systems on which to base interventions. The 3-year project started in April of 2007 and has already resulted in a number of research findings under the three main research priority areas (RPA). The paper summarises in greater detail the overall project objectives, the RPA activities and the areas of research innovation that are being undertaken in this major, UK collaborative study. Copyright 2009 ASCE.

Nutrient profile of pond water in north-eastern state of Tripura and impact of water acidity on aquaculture productivity

Physicochemical parameters of 31 fish pond water samples of Tripura were studied to ascertain the nutrient profile of acidic soil zone and the impact of water acidity towards aquaculture productivity. The pH was acidic (mean 6.63±0.44) with high Fe (mean1.04±0.40 mglˉ¹) and AI (mean 2.67±2.41 mglˉ¹) contents. These were mostly responsible for pond water acidity and poor productivity with low nitrogen, phosphate and total alkalinity. The study also showed strong negative relationship between water pH and redox potential (R²=0.5251). However, pH was positively significant with electrical conductivity. The roles of redox potential and electrical conductivity in water acidity were found highly important. Available calcium content was also found low (mean 2.91±2.96 mglˉ¹). Elevating level of pH of pond water could be the possible management practices in acidic water so that such unproductive water might be productive enough with higher phosphate and nitrogen levels for better biological production.