389 resultados para Madeleine aldia


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Illustrations by Raffet.

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A continuation of John Hodgson's A history of Northumberland, 1820-58.

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Attributed to Bernard de Clairvauv, Peter Cellensis and Guigues du Chastel.

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Syftet med denna studie är att förstå hur ungdomar, som tillfrågats informellt av lärare att utöva socialt stöd till en utsatt skolkamrat, upplever situationen och vilken innebörd socialt stöd har för dem. Genom tolkande fenomenologisk metod har kvalitativa intervjuer med sex ungdomar i åldern 15-18 år genomförts och analyserats. Resultatet visade tre huvudteman i upplevelsen. Dubbla känslor beskriver en kluvenhet inför rollen med såväl positiva som negativa upplevelser. De upplevde förståelse av stödet som en arbetssituation genom att tala om rollen som ett uppdrag, beskriva den utsatte som annorlunda än de själva och markera stödets avgränsning till skoltiden. I informanternas berättelser om stödets utformning framkom deras syn på innebörden av socialt stöd, som att få med den utsatte i gemenskapen. De uttryckte även en önskan att fler elever ska involveras i stödarbetet. Slutsatsen är att rollen kan innebära en utsatt position och att barn och ungdomar, som utövar informellt socialt stöd till en skolkamrat på uppdrag av lärare, behöver uppmärksammas och vikten av stöttning till dem belysas samt beforskas ytterligare. Studien bidrar med ny kunskap om upplevelser av att utöva informellt stöd i skolan.

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Adaptation to localised thermal regimes is facilitated by restricted gene flow, ultimately leading to genetic divergence among populations and differences in their physiological tolerances. Allozyme analysis of six polymorphic loci was used to assess genetic differentiation between nine populations of the reef-building coral Acropora millepora over a latitudinal temperature gradient on the inshore regions of the Great Barrier Reef (GBR). Small but significant genetic differentiation indicative of moderate levels of gene flow (pairwise F-ST 0.023 to 0.077) was found between southern populations of A. millepora in cooler regions of the GBR and the warmer, central or northern GBR populations. Patterns of genetic differentiation at these putatively neutral allozyme loci broadly matched experimental variation in thermal tolerance and were consistent with local thermal regimes (warmest monthly-averages) for the A. millepora populations examined. It is therefore hypothesized that natural selection has influenced the thermal tolerance of the A. millepora populations examined and greater genetic divergence is likely to be revealed by examination of genetic markers under the direct effects of natural selection.

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Objective: Development and validation of a selective and sensitive LCMS method for the determination of methotrexate polyglutamates in dried blood spots (DBS). Methods: DBS samples [spiked or patient samples] were prepared by applying blood to Guthrie cards which was then dried at room temperature. The method utilised 6-mm disks punched from the DBS samples (equivalent to approximately 12 μl of whole blood). The simple treatment procedure was based on protein precipitation using perchloric acid followed by solid phase extraction using MAX cartridges. The extracted sample was chromatographed using a reversed phase system involving an Atlantis T3-C18 column (3 μm, 2.1x150 mm) preceded by Atlantis guard column of matching chemistry. Analytes were subjected to LCMS analysis using positive electrospray ionization. Key Results: The method was linear over the range 5-400 nmol/L. The limits of detection and quantification were 1.6 and 5 nmol/L for individual polyglutamates and 1.5 and 4.5 nmol/L for total polyglutamates, respectively. The method has been applied successfully to the determination of DBS finger-prick samples from 47 paediatric patients and results confirmed with concentrations measured in matched RBC samples using conventional HPLC-UV technique. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: The methodology has a potential for application in a range of clinical studies (e.g. pharmacokinetic evaluations or medication adherence assessment) since it is minimally invasive and easy to perform, potentially allowing parents to take blood samples at home. The feasibility of using DBS sampling can be of major value for future clinical trials or clinical care in paediatric rheumatology. © 2014 Hawwa et al.