Efeito do plantio direto, aplicação de miral e uso de subsolagem na incidência de inimigos naturais em cultura de feijão em Guaíra-SP.

As aranhas, juntamente com Cycloneda sanguínea, Chrysoperia externa, Callida sp, Nabis sp., Zelus sp. e Podisus nigrispinus constituem importantes agentes de controle das pragas da cultura de feijão na região de Guaíra-SP. Este experimento teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito do plantio direto e uso do nematicida Miral e subsolagem na população de inimigos naturais da parte aérea e subterrânea dessa cultura. A avaliação foi feita quando a cultura estava no estagio R8 (enchimento das vagens), sendo os tratamentos aplicados: PC (plantio convencional), PCM (planto convencional com aplicação de Miral), PCS (plantio convencional com uso de subsolagem no preparo do solo), PCSM (plantio convencional com uso de Miral e subsolagem), PD (plantio direto), PCM (plantio direto com uso de Miral), PDS (plantio direto com subsolagem) e PDSM (plantio direto com uso de Miral e subsolagem); cada tratamento teve 4 repetições. Para inimigos naturais da parte aérea, as medias dos tratamentos foram os percentuais de 10,52, 18,75, 16,04, 19,71, 19,75, 15,86, 13,21 e 15,29, respectivamente. Para os inimigos naturais de pragas subterrâneas foram obtidos os percentuais de 0,0, 8,82, 6,12, 8,69, 4,17, 1,55, 0,0 e 0,62, respectivamente. Observa-se que no plantio convencional a aplicação de Miral e o uso de subsolagem bem como a interação entre ambos tiveram efeito benéfico sobre os inimigos naturais, causando o aumento dos mesmos quando comparados com a testemunha (PC). Ja para os tratamentos com uso de plantio direto, tanto a subsolagem como a aplicação de Miral e a interação de ambos prejudicou os inimigos naturais.

Decentralized systems for the protection and portability of personal data

The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) has been designed to help promote a view in favor of the interests of individuals instead of large corporations. However, there is the need of more dedicated technologies that can help companies comply with GDPR while enabling people to exercise their rights. We argue that such a dedicated solution must address two main issues: the need for more transparency towards individuals regarding the management of their personal information and their often hindered ability to access and make interoperable personal data in a way that the exercise of one's rights would result in straightforward. We aim to provide a system that helps to push personal data management towards the individual's control, i.e., a personal information management system (PIMS). By using distributed storage and decentralized computing networks to control online services, users' personal information could be shifted towards those directly concerned, i.e., the data subjects. The use of Distributed Ledger Technologies (DLTs) and Decentralized File Storage (DFS) as an implementation of decentralized systems is of paramount importance in this case. The structure of this dissertation follows an incremental approach to describing a set of decentralized systems and models that revolves around personal data and their subjects. Each chapter of this dissertation builds up the previous one and discusses the technical implementation of a system and its relation with the corresponding regulations. We refer to the EU regulatory framework, including GDPR, eIDAS, and Data Governance Act, to build our final system architecture's functional and non-functional drivers. In our PIMS design, personal data is kept in a Personal Data Space (PDS) consisting of encrypted personal data referring to the subject stored in a DFS. On top of that, a network of authorization servers acts as a data intermediary to provide access to potential data recipients through smart contracts.