Impact of changing carbonate chemistry, temperature, and salinity on growth and test degradation of the benthic foraminifer Ammonia aomoriensis

The present study investigated the combined effects of ocean acidification, temperature, and salinity on growth and test degradation of Ammonia aomoriensis. This species is one of the dominant benthic foraminifera in near-coastal habitats of the southwestern Baltic Sea that can be particularly sensitive to changes in seawater carbonate chemistry. To assess potential responses to ocean acidification and climate change, we performed a fully crossed experiment involving three temperatures (8, 13, and 18°C), three salinities (15, 20, and 25) and four pCO2 levels (566, 1195, 2108, and 3843 µatm) for six weeks. Our results highlight a sensitive response of A. aomoriensis to undersaturated seawater with respect to calcite. The specimens continued to grow and increase their test diameter in treatments with pCO2 <1200 µatm, when Omega calc >1. Growth rates declined when pCO2 exceeded 1200 µatm (Omega calc <1). A significant reduction in test diameter and number of tests due to dissolution was observed below a critical Omega calc of 0.5. Elevated temperature (18°C) led to increased Omega calc, larger test diameter, and lower test degradation. Maximal growth was observed at 18°C. No significant relationship was observed between salinity and test growth. Lowered and undersaturated Omega calc, which results from increasing pCO2 in bottom waters, may cause a significant future decline of the population density of A. aomoriensis in its natural environment. At the same time, this effect might be partially compensated by temperature rise due to global warming.

Guerras europeas, conflictos civiles, proyectos nacionales. Una interpretación de las restauraciones napolitanas (1799-1866)

La elección de examinar la contrarrevolución a través de sus mayores éxitos, las cuatro restauraciones victoriosas, y su derrota, la restauración fallida, puede enriquecer las perspectivas tradicionales sobre la resistencia y la crisis del Reino de las dos Sicilias. Los conflictos europeos, las guerras civiles, las construcciones estatales y la creación de identidades nacionales modernas son fenómenos que se entrecruzan con la complicada historia del reino napolitano. A través de la perspectiva de las restauraciones, bien dinásticas (1799 y 1815), o bien absolutistas (1821 y 1849), podemos insertar en un esquema interpretativo general la dialéctica entre conflicto interno y crisis internacionales, la interrelación con la formación de las ideas y adscripciones nacionalistas y la comparación con la contrarrevolución en el mundo borbónico. El paradigma del conflicto nos permite también el contraste con el más amplio mundo borbónico, francés y, sobre todo, iberoamericano. De este modo podemos reflexionar tanto sobre el éxito del legitimismo napolitano como sobre los términos de su derrota en 1860 y sobre las razones de su reciente fortuna en el imaginario colectivo italiano.

Letter from Rufus King to William Tudor,

One letter regarding a meeting between the elder William Tudor and the King of England at the Court of Saint James.

Marie Antoinette and the end of the old régime;

Covers period 1781-October 1789. Continued by "Marie Antoinette at the Tuilleries" and "Marie Antoinette and the downfall of royalty".

Memoirs of Marie Antoinette,

Mode of access: Internet.

Monumens de l'histoire de France, en estampes et dessins ...

The present 30 volumes seem to have remained with the Dukes of Leuchtenberg, until the ducal library was acquired for sale in 1935 by the dealers Ulrich Hoepli (Milan) and Braus-Riggenbach (Basel). The volumes are not complete, as leaves have been wholly or partly removed throughout; this is particularly evident in preliminary volumes 2 and 10 and volume 75. Prints and the relatively small number of drawings are mostly French, with some German, Dutch and English, and are mostly of the 17th or 18th centuries. They are mounted generally on rectos of leaves, often with hand-written captions. Large prints are occasionally bound in directly; these are often folded. The engraved general title page (bearing the date 1788) appears at the beginning of each volume; below the printed title a hand-written volume number and brief title describing the volume's contents usually appear. In many volumes the title leaf is followed by a hand-written contents leaf listing the section titles, which are also written individually throughout the volume on leaves with etched decorative frames. Sections are numbered continuously throughout the work as a whole. Numbering of the leaves, when present, appears in black ink within each volume at top center recto. Printmakers include B. & J. Audran, Francesco Bartolozzi, Abraham Bosse, Stefano della Bella, Jacques Callot, François Chéreau, Wenceslaus Hollar, Romeyn de Hooghe, Raymond La Fage, Sébastien Le Clerc, Pierre Lepautre, Claude Mellan, Bernard Picart, and Simon Thomassin. There are also early color prints by Gautier-Dagoty and Jean-Baptiste Morret.

The life of Marie Antoinette,

At head of title: Crowned by the Académie française.

Memoirs of the private life of Marie Antoinette, to which are added personal recollections illustrative of the reigns of Louis XIV, Louis XV, and Louis XVI,

"This edition is limited to five hundred and five copies, of which this is no. 143."

The picture gallery of Charles I.

Mode of access: Internet.

Mycerinus, the temples of the third pyramid at Giza,

"The first of the series of final reports on the excavations at Giza made by the Joint Egyptian expedition of Harvard university and the Boston museum of fine arts."--Pref.

The life and death of Louis XVI,

Plan on lining-papers.

Maker of modern Arabia,

Mode of access: Internet.

The Voyage of Admiral George Carlton, in search of loyalty. : A poetic epistle.

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