The head-body weight and head-body length relationship of Synodontis schall (Bloch and Schneider 1801) in Asa Lake, Ilorin, Nigeria

A total of 710 specimens of Synodontis schall were analyzed for the head body weight and head body length relationship. The head constituted 40% of the total body weight and 30% of the total body length. The mean head weight for male and female computed was 23.90g and 29.13g respectively. Head weight in both male and female was significantly different (P<0.01) while the head length for the combined sexes showed no significant difference (P>0.05). Fat accumulation in the body tissue was prominent in the females than males usually before the breeding season. The significance of the cephalo-nuchal shield in the bony head of Synodontis species compared with some other catfishes in the lake was also discussed

Evaluation of the body burdens of heavy metals in five commercially important fishes from different locations in Kainji Lake

The level and distribution of some heavy metals viz Cadmium, Lead, Copper Zinc, and Cobalt in five commercially important fishes, water and sediments at three different locations in Kainj Lake were determined using standard methods. The results show that the ranges of heavy metals mu g/g in fishes in Dam site Laotian are: Cd (0.05~c0.01-20~c01), (Pb(ND-1.12 plus or minus )1), Cu (0.81~c25-2.93~c06), Zn (20.89 arrow right .15-36.78~c2.97), Co(0.08~c01-0.27~c02); in cover Dam, the ranges are Cd (0.04~c02-0.16~c0.2), Pb (nd-02~c01), Cu(0.75~c05-2.61~c13), Zn(15.70~c1.55-32.23~c2.70), Co(0.04~c02-0.25~c0.01) and in Yuna they are Cd (0.05~c01-0.14~c02), Pb (nd-0.32~c01), Cu (0.23~c07-2.70~c05), Zn(15.50 plus or minus `.35-25.62~c2.47), Co(0.07~c02-23~c0.01). The metals concentration (mg/l) in the water sample from Dam site, cover dam and Yuna respectively are Cd(0.007~c001,. 004~c001 and 0.005~001), Pb(013~c001, ND and ND), Cu(.055~c008.030~c007, 05 plus or minus .010), Zn(0.13~c01, 0.060 plus or minus .0055) and Co (.026 plus or minus .022 plus or minus .004, .024 plus or minus .004), while the metals concentration ( mu g/g) in sediments sample from Dam site, cover dam and Yuna are respectively Cd(.05 plus or minus .01, .02 plus or minus .01), Pb(16.00~c1.00, ND and 9.33~c1.01), Cu(24.00~c1.34, 4.26 plus or minus .91 and 11.08~c1.32), Zn(42.00~c1.00, 35~c10 and 38.00 plus or minus .45), Co(15.00~c1.17, 8.69~c1.21 and 10.91~c44). The concentrations of the tested heavy metals are within the acceptable standards of WHO (1987a)

Body image and body composition: comparisons of young male elite soccer players and controls

[EN] The purpose of this study was to evaluate body composition and body image (perception and satisfaction) in a group of young elite soccer players and to compare the data with those of a control group (age and BMI matched). Participants were 56 volunteer males whose mean age and BMI were 19.6 (SD 1.3) years and 23.3 (SD 1.1) kg/m2, respectively. Results showed that soccer players have a higher lean mass and lower fat mass than controls. Moreover, body perception (difference between current and actual image) was more accurate in controls than in soccer players, and the results suggest a tendency for soccer players to aspire to have more muscle mass and body fat. Soccer players perceived an ideal image with significantly higher body-fat percentage than their current and actual images. There were no body-dissatisfaction differences between groups, however. Although the results are necessarily limited by the small sample size, the findings should be of interest to coaches of young elite soccer teams.

Sociopoetizando a construção das ações de autocuidado no envelhecimento saudável: uma aplicação da teoria de Nola Pender

O envelhecimento populacional no Brasil sobreleva a necessidade de organização de serviços de saúde, sendo a estimulação do autocuidado uma estratégia privilegiada para orientar programas de promoção da saúde para pessoas idosas. Face à busca das mais variadas formas de viver bem, abrem-se fronteiras possibilitando o surgimento de modelos de envelhecimento saudável. Partindo do pressuposto de que as pessoas possuem uma dimensão imaginativa no acrescentar qualidade aos anos de vida, delimitou-se como objeto de estudo o imaginário de um grupo da terceira idade na construção das ações de autocuidado. Objetivos: descrever a poética sobre as ações de autocuidado construídas por um grupo de pessoas idosas; e analisar os significados (conceitos/confetos) atribuídos por essas pessoas ao envelhecer. Utilizou-se como marco referencial a Teoria de Promoção da Saúde de Nola Pender. Trata-se de pesquisa descritiva, qualitativa, considerando o paradigma naturalista. Foi aplicado o método sociopoético por meio do dispositivo analítico Grupo Pesquisador, composto por 11 idosos participantes da Unati da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, que desenvolveram a investigação no período de outubro a dezembro de 2008, mediante as técnicas de pesquisa: Dinâmica de Corpo como Território Mínimo e a Vivência de Lugares Geomíticos. Foram questões norteadoras do estudo, respectivamente: Como vocês se cuidam para o caminho do bom envelhecer? E Como é o autocuidado para o envelhecer saudável se ele for um lugar geomítico?. Os dados produzidos foram submetidos à análise categorial, dos estudos sociopoéticos. No estudo filosófico, observou-se haver coexistência da autoimagem realista revelando que os idosos estão mais aptos aos desafios da vida, pois seu comportamento é coerente com a ideia que faz de si, além de intenções, aspirações e tendências. O classificatório ressaltou as dicotomias das ações de autocuidado tendo: O Autocuidado através dos Limites e Possibilidades; e Transcender para Experienciar o Dom do Envelhecer; O transversal revelou O Autocuidado como Reconhecimento das Necessidades de Saúde, enquanto no surreal sobrelevam-se Aceitar o Novo para um Renascer Saudável; Perseverança para Conviver com o Envelhecimento; e Procurar Assistência pode Desvelar Temores para a Finitude do Viver. Conclui-se que a compreensão do imaginário dos sujeitos de pesquisa mediada pela teoria de Pender permitiu identificar fatores que influenciam e motivam o autocuidado para comportamentos saudáveis. Assim, o grupo vislumbra para seu futuro uma imagem de envelhecer mais dinâmica, adotando para si próprio um viver mais autônomo, ativo e bem-sucedido. À contribuição do estudo, propõe-se aos enfermeiros a apropriação de conceitos teóricos como forma de traduzir a realidade e demonstrar alternativas viáveis de ações de cuidado/saúde, bem como a utilização das práticas de dinâmicas de criatividade e sensibilidade nas atividades assistenciais.

Solar System Small-Body Demographics with the Palomar Transient Factory Survey

Observational studies of our solar system's small-body populations (asteroids and comets) offer insight into the history of our planetary system, as these minor planets represent the left-over building blocks from its formation. The Palomar Transient Factory (PTF) survey began in 2009 as the latest wide-field sky-survey program to be conducted on the 1.2-meter Samuel Oschin telescope at Palomar Observatory. Though its main science program has been the discovery of high-energy extragalactic sources (such as supernovae), during its first five years PTF has collected nearly five million observations of over half a million unique solar system small bodies. This thesis begins to analyze this vast data set to address key population-level science topics, including: the detection rates of rare main-belt comets and small near-Earth asteroids, the spin and shape properties of asteroids as inferred from their lightcurves, the applicability of this visible light data to the interpretation of ultraviolet asteroid observations, and a comparison of the physical properties of main-belt and Jovian Trojan asteroids. Future sky-surveys would benefit from application of the analytical techniques presented herein, which include novel modeling methods and unique applications of machine-learning classification. The PTF asteroid small-body data produced in the course of this thesis work should remain a fertile source of solar system science and discovery for years to come.

Everybody Farts: Celebrating the Body and Refuting Medical Paternalism in Joyce's Ulysses

James Joyce’s Ulysses celebrates all facets of daily life in its refusal to censor raw human emotions and emissions. He adopts a critically medical perspective to portray this honest, unfiltered narrative. In doing so, he reveals the ineffectiveness of the physician-patient relationship due to doctors’ paternalistic attitudes that hinder nonjudgmental, open listening of this unfiltered narrative. His exploration of the doctor’s moral scrutiny, cultural prejudices, and authoritative estrangement from the patient underscore the importance in remembering that physicians and patients alike are ultimately just fellow human beings. Wryly, he drives this point to literal nausea, as his narrative proudly asserts the revulsive details of public health, digestion, and death. In his gritty ruminations on the human body’s material reality, Joyce mocks the physician’s highbrow paternalism by forcing him to identify with the farting, vomiting, decaying bodies around him. In celebrating the uncensored human narrative, Joyce challenges physician and patient alike to openly listen to the stories of others.

An investigation of the three-body reaction He^3(He^3, 2p)He^4

Reactions produced by the He³ bombardment of the He³ have been investigated for bombarding energies from 1 to 20 MeV using a tandem Van de Graaff accelerator. Proton spectra from the three-body reaction He³(He³, 2p)He⁴ have been measured with a counter telescope at 13 angles for 9 bombarding energies between 3 and 18 MeV. The results are compared with a model for the reaction which includes a strong p-He⁴ final-state interaction. Alpha-particle spectra have been obtained at 12 and 18 MeV for forward angles with a magnetic spectrometer. These spectra indicate a strongly forward-peaked mechanism involving the ¹S₀ p-p interaction in addition to the p-He⁴ interaction. Measurements of p-He⁴ and p-p coincidence spectra at 10 MeV confirm these features of the reaction mechanism. Deuteron spectra from the reaction of He³(He³, d)pHe³ have been measured at 18 MeV. A triton spectrum from the reaction He³(He³, t)3p at 20 MeV and 4⁰ is interpreted in terms of a sequential decay through an excited state of the alpha particle at 20.0 MeV. No effects are observed which would indicate an interaction in the residual (3p) system. Below 3 MeV the He³(He³, 2p)He⁴ reaction mechanism is observed to be changing and further measurements are suggested in view of the importance of this reaction in stellar interiors.

Reis de paus: Carlos Heitor Cony e Rubem Fonseca

Este trabalho investiga o que chamamos crimes da literatura, no livro de Carlos Heitor Cony, Pilatos (1974), em perspectiva comparada com o livro de contos Secreções, excreções e desatinos (2001), de Rubem Fonseca. Cony, famoso autor e jornalista, com histórico de prisões políticas na época da ditadura, publicou Pilatos obra de linguagem considerada pornográfica ainda na vigência da censura. Rubem Fonseca, perseguido pelos censores desde Feliz ano novo (1975), devido às suas narrativas também consideradas contrárias à moral e aos bons costumes, publicou Secreções, excreções e desatinos livre de censura. Este estudo, a partir das análises dos textos referidos, questiona o que é o crime da literatura? E, se não há mais a conjunção de censura política e repressão moral, se está esgotado o embate entre argumentos moralistas e liberais, como podem ser lidos os novos códigos de controle desse imaginário? O objetivo desta tese é, sobretudo, discutir a possibilidade da permanência ou não destes livros como transgressores em relação ao tratamento dado ao corpo no panorama contemporâneo. Para tanto, serão analisadas as diferentes formas de representação do corpo nesses livros, a partir de conceitos, como castração, pornografia e obscenidade, investigados em campos de estudo sobre as representações do corpo nas áreas de psicologia, sociologia e da crítica literária

The body social: an enactive approach to the self

This paper takes a new look at an old question: what is the human self? It offers a proposal for theorizing the self from an enactive perspective as an autonomous system that is constituted through interpersonal relations. It addresses a prevalent issue in the philosophy of cognitive science: the body-social problem. Embodied and social approaches to cognitive identity are in mutual tension. On the one hand, embodied cognitive science risks a new form of methodological individualism, implying a dichotomy not between the outside world of objects and the brain-bound individual but rather between body-bound individuals and the outside social world. On the other hand, approaches that emphasize the constitutive relevance of social interaction processes for cognitive identity run the risk of losing the individual in the interaction dynamics and of downplaying the role of embodiment. This paper adopts a middle way and outlines an enactive approach to individuation that is neither individualistic nor disembodied but integrates both approaches. Elaborating on Jonas' notion of needful freedom it outlines an enactive proposal to understanding the self as co-generated in interactions and relations with others. I argue that the human self is a social existence that is organized in terms of a back and forth between social distinction and participation processes. On this view, the body, rather than being identical with the social self, becomes its mediator

O culto ao corpo em academia de ginástica: um estudo etnográfico na Cidade do Rio de Janeiro

O objetivo principal do presente estudo foi descrever, a partir da ambiência das academias de ginástica, o fenômeno do culto ao corpo na sociedade contemporânea. A ambiência, considerada uma categoria no campo do imaginário social, compreende o espaço como um lugar que é, ao mesmo tempo, produto e produtor de relações simbólicas e de sentidos. Após a revisão de literatura acerca da temática proposta, realizou-se um estudo etnográfico mediado por observação participante e análise de discurso (escola francesa) em uma academia de grande porte situada na zona sul da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Os resultados da pesquisa de campo apontaram para três categorias de análise da ambiência: 1) a casa dos espelhos: a motivação das imagens, dos objetos e das formas; 2) a motivação humana: o profissional de educação física; e 3) o símbolo da tribo: o corpo. Pode-se considerar que a ambiência contribui significativamente para a emergência do culto ao corpo desenvolvido nas academias e, proliferado em outras esferas da vida social, sendo aparentemente excludente àqueles que não abarcam o fenômeno em questão. Nesse sentido, é possível estabelecer uma analogia da descrição da ambiência com a seguinte ponderação: do hedonismo Dionisíaco à disciplina Apolínea prevalece a imagem de Narciso. Por fim, o mapeamento da ambiência da academia é uma fonte interessante para se pensar algumas das relações sociais da contemporaneidade que, quando comparadas a outros períodos históricos, mantiveram-se, modificaram-se ou que estariam em processo de transição. O fenômeno do culto ao corpo e a forma com que as relações se estabelecem em função da busca pela estética, decerto, representam o momento transitório ao qual as sociedades complexas estão submetidas.

Analysis of Body Composition and Food Habits of Spanish Celiac Women

The purpose of the present work was both to analyze composition of Spanish celiac women and to study the food habits and gluten-free diet of these celiac patients, in order to determine whether they achieve a balanced and healthy diet as well as to highlight nutritional qualitative and/or quantitative differences. 54 adult celiac women (34 +/- 13 years) took part in the six-month study. Height, weight and body composition were measured. An analysis of energy consumption and of the macronutrient distribution of their diet was carried out. Their fulfillment of micronutrient intake recommendations was verified. Participants showed a Body Mass Index of 21.6 +/- 2.4 kg/m(2). Energy Intake was slightly lower than the Dietary Reference Intakes. Excessive protein apart from over-consumption of fat was observed. More than three quarters of participants consumed meat in excess. Carbohydrate consumption along with that of fiber was below recommended levels. Vitamin D, iron, and iodine had a low percentage of recommendation compliance. In general, participants followed the recommendations of dairy products and fruit intake whereas vegetable consumption was not enough for the vast majority. We conclude that although the diet of celiac women does not differ much from the diet of general population, some considerations, such as reducing fat and protein consumption and increasing fiber intake, must be taken into account.