Políticas públicas dirigidas a organizaciones indígenas en la provincia de Tucumán, Argentina, durante el período 2000 - 2010

En la República Argentina habitan en la actualidad aproximadamente 18 pueblos indígenas registrados, pertenecientes a diversas etnias. Muchos de éstos son parte de los llamados beneficiarios de proyectos y/o programas generados principalmente desde el Estado. Dichas iniciativas han tenido diferentes efectos en las organizaciones indígenas, como en los aspectos productivos al interior de las comunidades. La provincia de Tucumán cuenta con 17 comunidades indígenas organizadas, las cuales han formado parte de los procesos mencionados. En el presente trabajo se abordan desde una mirada cualitativa los efectos que estas políticas públicas tuvieron en los pueblos originarios en las dimensiones socio-organizacionales y técnico-productivas, durante el periodo 2000-2010. Específicamente, se realizó esta investigación desde el método de estudio de caso, para lo cual se tomaron como referencia cuatro pueblos indígenas ubicados en diferentes zonas de la provincia de Tucumán. Los resultados obtenidos reflejan un escenario complejo donde existen diversos actores con su problemática particular y que en la mayoría de los casos poseen objetivos diferentes. Sin embargo estos actores interactúan entre si y en muchos casos se necesitan unos de otros. Este trabajo intenta visibilizar la situación por la que atraviesan las comunidades indígenas tucumanas, su relación con el Estado, y en este contexto las interrelaciones que se dan entre las partes. Las conclusiones no son absolutas, y permiten indagar o reflexionar acerca de la cuestión indígena en torno a su relación con el Estado, los equipos técnicos y hacia el interior de los propios pueblos originarios

El Año 2000 en La Rioja

Desde una comunidad autónoma pequeña, La Rioja, y desde una Sociedad de Profesores recientemente constituida, «A prima» se cuentan las actividades realizadas en el 2000.

2000, año mundial de las matemáticas: una experiencia práctica

Con motivo de la declaración, por la UNESCO, del año 2000 como año mundial de las matemáticas, decidimos en nuestro centro, el IES n.° 3 de San Javier en Murcia, organizar una Semana de las Matemáticas, con la programación de diferentes actividades como actividades interdisciplinares, I Encuentros Matemáticos, Obra de teatro, exposiciones y conferencias.

Parallel bandwidth characteristics calculations for thin avalanche photodiodes on a SGI Origin 2000 supercomputer

An important factor for high-speed optical communication is the availability of ultrafast and low-noise photodetectors. Among the semiconductor photodetectors that are commonly used in today’s long-haul and metro-area fiber-optic systems, avalanche photodiodes (APDs) are often preferred over p-i-n photodiodes due to their internal gain, which significantly improves the receiver sensitivity and alleviates the need for optical pre-amplification. Unfortunately, the random nature of the very process of carrier impact ionization, which generates the gain, is inherently noisy and results in fluctuations not only in the gain but also in the time response. Recently, a theory characterizing the autocorrelation function of APDs has been developed by us which incorporates the dead-space effect, an effect that is very significant in thin, high-performance APDs. The research extends the time-domain analysis of the dead-space multiplication model to compute the autocorrelation function of the APD impulse response. However, the computation requires a large amount of memory space and is very time consuming. In this research, we describe our experiences in parallelizing the code in MPI and OpenMP using CAPTools. Several array partitioning schemes and scheduling policies are implemented and tested. Our results show that the code is scalable up to 64 processors on a SGI Origin 2000 machine and has small average errors.

Columnar aerosol properties in a northeastern atlantic site (plymouth united kingdom) by means of ground based skyradiometer data during years 2000-2008.

Between 2000 and 2008, columnar optical and radiative properties were measured at the Plymouth Marine Laboratory (PML), UK (50° 21.95′N, 4° 8.85′W) using an automatic Prede POM01L sun–sky photometer. The database was analyzed for aerosol optical properties using the SKYRAD radiative inversion algorithm and calibrated using the in situ SKYIL calibration method. Retrievals include aerosol optical depth, Ångström wavelength exponent, aerosol volume distribution, refractive index and single scattering albedo. The results show that the Plymouth site is characterized by low values of aerosol optical depth with low variability (0.18 ± 0.08 at 500 nm) and a mean annual Ångström exponent of 1.03 ± 0.21. The annual mean of the single scattering albedo is 0.97, indicative of non-absorbing aerosols. The aerosol properties were classified in terms of air mass back trajectories: the area is mainly affected by Atlantic air masses and the dominant aerosol type is a mixture of maritime particles, present in low burdens with variable size. The maritime air masses were defined by annual mean values for the AOD (at 500 nm) of 0.13–0.14 and a wavelength exponent of 0.96–1.03. Episodic anthropogenic and mineral dust intrusions occasionally occur, but they are sporadic and dilute (AOD at 500 nm about 0.20). Tropical continental air masses were characterized by the highest AOD at 500 nm (0.34) and the lowest wavelength exponent (0.83), although they were the least represented in the analysis.

The Mechanics of QSR 2000

Assessment of the quality of the marine environment forms an important part of the new 1992 OSPAR Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North-East Atlantic that was ratified and entered into force on 25 March 1998. In the ministerial statement at the signing of the Convention it was agreed that the first assessment (Quality Status Report, QSR) for all Convention waters should be produced for the year 2000. To oversee this charge a new Environmental Assessment and Monitoring Committee (ASMO) was established and a junior group under this committee, to implement necessary actions, the Assessment Co-ordination Group (ACG). Because of the wide geographical diversity and varying levels of information available in different parts of the Convention area it was decided to produce five regional reports for: I The Arctic; II The North Sea; III The Celtic seas; IV The Bay of Biscay and Iberian Coast; V The Wider Atlantic, which will be synthesised in a holistic QSR for the year 2000. The report for the North Sea will largely be an update of QSR 1993 and forms the third cycle of a developing management system for the North Sea. This paper will present the procedures that have been adopted to implement the QSRs, and outlines the guidelines that have been developed for their structure, format, design and publication.