Representative expenditures : addressing the neglected dimension of fiscal capacity : an information report /

"December 1990."

Accounting memorandum.

Based on a surrogate of no. 2 (Apr. 27, 1949); title from caption.

[Hearings, reports and prints of the Senate Committee on Appropriations].

Mode of access: Internet.

[Hearings, reports and prints of the House Committee on Appropriations].

Mode of access: Internet.

Die Staatshaushaltung der Athener,

Vol. 1-2, 2. Ausg., 1851.

Memoria

Vols. for 1911/13- issued as the Ministry's Publicaciones históricas

Annual report of the Department of Audit and Control /

Report year ends June 30.

Community Development Districts: The entrepreneurial side of government

In an effort to reduce the cost and size of government public service delivery has become more decentralized, flexible and responsive. Public entrepreneurship entailed, among other things, the establishment of special-purpose governments to finance public services and carry out development projects. Community Development Districts (CDDs) are a type of special-purpose governments whose purpose is to manage and finance infrastructure improvements in the State of Florida. They have important implications for the way both growth management and service delivery occur in the United States. This study examined the role of CDDs for growth management policy and service delivery by analyzing the CDD profile and activity, the contribution of CDDs to the growth management and infrastructure development as well as the way CDD perceived pluses and minuses impact service delivery. The study used a mixed methods research approach, drawing on secondary data pertaining to CDD features and activity, semi-structured interviews with CDD representatives and public officials as well as on a survey of public officials within the counties and cities that have established CDDs. Findings indicated that the CDD institutional model is both a policy and a service delivery tool for infrastructure provision that can be adopted by states across the United States. Results showed that CDDs inhibit rather than foster growth management through their location choices, type and pattern of development. CDDs contributed to the infrastructure development in Florida by providing basic infrastructure services for the development they supported and by building and dedicating facilities to general-purpose governments. Districts were found to be both funding mechanisms and management tools for infrastructure services. The study also pointed to the fact that specialized governance is more responsive and more flexible but less effective than general-purpose governance when delivering services. CDDs were perceived as being favorable for developers and residents and not as favorable for general-purpose governments. Overall results indicated that the CDD is a flexible institutional mechanism for infrastructure delivery which has both advantages and disadvantages. Decision-makers should balance districts’ institutional flexibility with their unintended consequences for growth management when considering urban public policies.

Plan estratégico del Sistema Universitario del Eje Cafetero - SUEJE (2016 – 2021)

Este trabajo de grado formula un plan estratégico para el Sistema Universitario del Eje Cafetero (SUEJE) para ser ejecutado en el periodo 2016-2021 -- El SUEJE es una alianza interuniversitaria constituida como entidad sin ánimo de lucro, que explotando la base de conocimiento de sus universidades miembros provee servicios de consultoría, y gestiona y ejecuta proyectos dentro del sector público colombiano -- Este plan estratégico se ha desarrollado en 4 etapas: una primera etapa de diagnóstico donde se identifican los elementos internos críticos de la organización y su contexto externo a través del análisis DOFA y las 5 fuerzas de Porter -- Una segunda etapa donde se hace un benchmarking estratégico con dos de los principales referentes del mercado de Servicios de consultoría, gestión y ejecución de proyectos en el sector público colombiano; una tercera etapa donde se caracteriza la estrategia de SUEJE para los próximos 5 años utilizando el método de Mapas Estratégicos, donde se redefinen los pilares básicos de la organización y sus objetivos prioritarios a través del análisis de 4 diferentes perspectivas: perspectiva financiera, interna, del cliente y de aprendizaje y crecimiento -- Finalmente, concluye con la construcción de una herramienta gerencial o Balanced Scorecard la cual define indicadores de gestión para 17 objetivos estratégicos y un plan de acción con 5 iniciativas estratégicas

Transportation Coordination in Iowa (2016)

Iowa Code section 324A.4, subsection 2, states the Iowa Department of Transportation (DOT) “shall biennially prepare a report to be submitted to the general assembly and the governor prior to December 15 of even-numbered years. The report shall recommend methods to increase transportation coordination and improve the efficiency of federal, state, and local government programs used to finance public transit services and may address other topics as appropriate.” Iowa has long been a leader in transportation coordination, from designated public transit agencies covering all 99 counties with little duplication, to requiring any agency receiving public dollars for the provision of transportation to first coordinate with the local public transit agency before providing the transportation on their own, to the creation of the Iowa Transportation Coordination Council. Coordination allows Iowa to provide much needed transportation services to the citizens of Iowa with the most efficient use of public funds. Coordination has been an important topic in Iowa for many years, but during these times of economic constraint and restraint and Iowa’s changing demographics, coordination of transportation services becomes even more critical.

SCCID Voucher Payment Policy

This document describes the payment policy for indigent defense lawyers.

Finance versus costs for teaching hospitals in Spain

In this paper we analyse the observed systematic differences incosts for teaching hospitals (THhenceforth) in Spain. Concernhas been voiced regarding the existence of a bias in thefinancing of TH s has been raised once prospective budgets arein the arena for hospital finance, and claims for adjusting totake into account the legitimate extra costs of teaching onhospital expenditure are well grounded. We focus on theestimation of the impact of teaching status on average cost. Weused a version of a multiproduct hospital cost function takinginto account some relevant factors from which to derive theobserved differences. We assume that the relationship betweenthe explanatory and the dependent variables follows a flexibleform for each of the explanatory variables. We also model theunderlying covariance structure of the data. We assumed twoqualitatively different sources of variation: random effects andserial correlation. Random variation refers to both general levelvariation (through the random intercept) and the variationspecifically related to teaching status. We postulate that theimpact of the random effects is predominant over the impact ofthe serial correlation effects. The model is estimated byrestricted maximum likelihood. Our results show that costs are 9%higher (15% in the case of median costs) in teaching than innon-teaching hospitals. That is, teaching status legitimatelyexplains no more than half of the observed difference in actualcosts. The impact on costs of the teaching factor depends on thenumber of residents, with an increase of 51.11% per resident forhospitals with fewer than 204 residents (third quartile of thenumber of residents) and 41.84% for hospitals with more than 204residents. In addition, the estimated dispersion is higher amongteaching hospitals. As a result, due to the considerable observedheterogeneity, results should be interpreted with caution. From apolicy making point of view, we conclude that since a higherrelative burden for medical training is under public hospitalcommand, an explicit adjustment to the extra costs that theteaching factor imposes on hospital finance is needed, beforehospital competition for inpatient services takes place.

Employment and public capital in spain

This paper analyses the e¤ects on employment of increasing the stock of public capital. To this end, we derive a wage equation so that wages are endogenized. This allows us to show that, by means of a higher elasticity of labour demand with respect to wages, a rise in public capital increases employment. The estimation of a structural model for the Spanish private sector tests and con…rms empirically this relationship. The results show that an increase in public capital has a significant and positive direct influence on employment, and indirect e¤ects derived from lower wages and higher economic growth. Finally, we undertake a simulation exercise to assess the long run efects on employment and economic growth of increasing public capital.