Efeito da suplementação com anticorpos policlonais e/ou monensina sódica sobre a saúde ruminal de bovinos jovens confinados

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Aditivos em dietas para frangos de corte criados em sistema alternativo

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FMVZ

Suplementação de monensina sódica e/ou anticorpos policlonais em dietas de bovinos jovens confinados

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Parâmetros genéticos e associação de caracteres de importância econômica com polimorfismos dos genes ADIPOR1 e APOB em frangos de corte

Pós-graduação em Genética e Melhoramento Animal - FCAV

Probióticos, prebióticos e simbióticos sobre o sistema digestório de frangos de corte

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Uso de óleo essencial de copaíba sobre o desempenho produtivo de frangos de corte

As recentes restrições ao uso de antibióticos melhoradores do desempenho na produção de frangos de cortes têm incentivado a busca por aditivos alternativos. Entre os produtos naturais, o óleo de copaíba tem uma grande representação social e econômica, especialmente na região amazônica, onde é nativo e largamente empregado. Os objetivos deste estudo foram avaliar os efeitos da inclusão do óleo de Copaíba (Copaifera reticulata), sobre o desempenho produtivo de frangos de corte. Foram utilizados 540 pintos com um dia de idade, machos de linhagem comercial Ross, distribuídos em cinco tratamentos e seis repetições com 15 aves em cada unidade experimental. Os tratamentos foram definidos pela inclusão do promotor de crescimento (avilamicina, 10ppm) e do nível do óleo essencial na dieta, sendo caracterizados como: T1: Óleo essencial 0,15% (sem promotor de crescimento); T2: Óleo essencial 0,30% (sem promotor de crescimento); T3: Óleo essencial 0,45% (sem promotor de crescimento); T4: Óleo essencial 0,60% (sem promotor de crescimento) e T5: Controle promotor de crescimento: virginiamicina, 10ppm (sem óleo essencial). Os resultados foram analisados com o auxílio do programa computacional Statistical Analysis System (SAS, 2001) e as diferenças entre as médias foram analisadas pelo teste Dunnet, a um nível de significância de 5%. Os dados de desempenho do 7 e 35 dias de idade mostraram que não houve diferença estatística entre os tratamentos para as variáveis peso corporal, consumo de ração, conversão alimentar e mortalidade. Aos 21 e 40 dias de idade das aves houve diferença significativa para a variável peso corporal. As demais variáveis estudadas (consumo de ração, conversão alimentar e mortalidade) não apresentaram diferenças significativas quando comparada ao tratamento controle (T5). Apenas o tratamento com a inclusão na dieta de 0,15% de óleo de copaíba (T1) foi semelhante estatisticamente com o tratamento controle. Não foi observado efeito significativo dos tratamentos sobre as características de carcaça dos frangos estudados. A utilização de óleo essencial de copaíba a 0,15% na dieta de frangos de corte proporcionou desempenho semelhante à dieta controle para as diferentes variáveis de desempenho e características de carcaça avaliada neste estudo, representando uma alternativa promissora como aditivo promotor de crescimento.

Ractopamina em dietas para fêmeas suínas

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Substituição de monensina sódica por bicarbonato de sódio em dietas de novilhas confinadas

The effects of replacing monensin with sodium bicarbonate in diets for confined heifers on weight gain (WG), dry matter intake (DMI), feed:gain ratio (FGR) and rumen fermentation parameters were evaluated. Fifity six heifers were utilized (Santa Gertrudis x Braunvieh). Diets were formulated with two levels of concentrate (50% and 80% concentrate) with sodium monensin or sodium bicarbonate. The DMI was higest in heifers with an intake of 80% concentrate. There was not difference when the same concentrate levels were evaluated in relation to the DMI. The heifers at 80% concentrate showed highest WG. There was no significant difference in relation to WG between monensin and bicarbonate treatments and levels concentrate proportions. There were significant effects regarding FGR between treatments. The heifers on 80% concentrate showed lowest FGR. In the evaluation of N-NH3, the highest values were observed, on the whole, at 80:20 diets in relation to 50:50 diets. In the additive use, the monensin on 80:20 diets promoted the highest values of N-NH3 at 1 for 9 hours after feed intake. In the values of ruminal pH, the bicarbonate increased the values on 50:50 at 6 for18 hours after feed intake, in relation to the 80:20 diet. In this case, it was concluded that the use of sodium bicarbonate in diets for confined finishing heifers is a viable option for the replacement of monensin sodium.

Evaluation of babassu meal in feed for layer hens during the growth phase

Studies were conducted to evaluate the nutritional value and inclusion levels of babassu meal (BM) in the diet of grower layer pullets in substitution to wheat meal. Digestibility, metabolism and growth trials were conducted. Twelve cecectomized roosters were used in the digestibility assay to determine the coefficients of standardized digestibility of amino acids (CSDAA). The metabolism trial was conducted with 30 adult roosters to determine the apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen (AMEn) of BM. A growth trial was performed to determine replacement levels of wheat midds by BM diet using 360 six-week-old commercial layer pullets. BM was included at the 0, 75 and 150 g/kg of BM, during grower and development rearing phases, respectively. Feed intake, body weight gain, and feed conversion were evaluated. BM AMEn was determined as 1,474 kcal/kg, on as-fed basis. The CSDAA determined for BM were below 88% for all AA. The inclusion of BM in the feed of grower layers (7-18 week) significantly decreased feed intake (p < 0.05), but significantly improved body weight gain and feedconversion ratio (p < 0.05) at 15% inclusion level. Considering the nutritional value and performance results, BM can replace wheat midds in diets of grower layer pullets.

Dietary fiber inclusion as an alternative to Feed Fasting to induce molting in Commercial Layers

The objective of the present experiment was to compare the performance, egg quality and organ morphometrics of commercial layers submitted to alternative forced molting methods using dietary fibers. The experimental period included the phases of molting, rest, and second laying cycle (six periods of 28 days each). In the trial, 320 commercial Isa Brown layers with 72 weeks of age were distributed, according to a completely randomized experimental design into five treatments with eight replicates of eight birds each, totaling 40 experimental units. Molting was induced by feeding diets with the inclusion of alfalfa or soybean husks at 80% and 60% or feed fasting. Treatments were applied for 14 days. Performance and egg quality parameters were evaluated for the second laying cycle and organ morphometrics (liver, gizzard, proventriculus, reproductive apparatus) in two different slaughter dates. The obtained data were submitted to analysis of variance using the General Linear Model (GLM) procedure of SAS statistical package (SAS Institute, 2002). Alternative molting methods promoted similar performance and egg quality results after molting were similar to those obtained by the conventional fasting method. Feeding fiber produced the expected effects in terms of organ weight regression and recovery and may be used to induce molting in commercial layers.

Estudo genético quantitativo da qualidade da carcaça e da carne e suas associações com as características de avaliação visual na raça Nelore

Pós-graduação em Genética e Melhoramento Animal - FCAV

Bacteriophage- induced reduction in Salmonella Enteritidis counts in the crop of broiler chickens undergoing preslaughter feed withdrawal

Salmonella food poisoning is a public health problem. Feed withdrawal from broiler chickens before slaughter can favor the multiplication of Salmonella in the cecum and crop of contaminated animals and subsequently lead to contamination of carcasses in the processing plant. In the present study, a cocktail of lytic bacteriophages isolated from sewage water was orally administered to 45-d-old broiler chickens 1 h after they received an oral dose of 107 cfu/mL Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serotype Enteritidis. Immediately after phage administration and 30 min, 1, 3, 6, and 12 h thereafter, groups of chicken were killed. Ceca and crops were analyzed for the presence of Salmonella. At 3 h posttreatment, there were 103 cfu/g and 101 cfu/g of cecal and crop suspension, respectively. At 6 h after treatment, the number of Salmonella was 103 cfu/g in the cecal suspension, but below the detection limit in the crops. our results suggest that bacteriophage therapy may be able to reduce the contamination of chicken carcasses by reducing the preslaughter load of Salmonella in the birds.

Feed type for induced molting of commercial layer hens

An experiment employing three hundred and twenty 81-week-old Lohmann LSL commercial-breed hens was conducted to compare alternative induced-molting methods with the conventional method (fasting). Induced molting lasted 28 days at most, production and quality being monitored for four periods of 28 days thereafter. A completely randomized experimental design with five treatments, eight replicates of eight birds each per plot was adopted. The following experimental treatments were applied until a loss of 26% of body weight was reached: T1 - fasting, T2 - wheat bran ad libitum, T3 - rice bran ad libitum, T4 - cracked rice ad libitum, T5 - ground alfalfa ad libitum. Birds were then fed production diet ad libitum, except for those on treatment T1 (fasting) which received 30, 60 and 100 g/bird/day and then feed ad libitum. During induced molting the birds were exposed to a natural photoperiod and at day 28 that period was increased by 30 minutes/week until reaching 16 hours of light/day. The characteristics evaluated during induced molting were: feed intake, body weight changes and laying percentage. In the post-molt period, performance (feed intake, laying percentage, egg weight, egg mass, feed conversion ratio per dozen and per egg mass and percentage of broken eggs) and egg quality (specific gravity, eggshell breaking strength, percentages of eggshell, yolk, and albumen, eggshell thickness, yolk color and Haugh unit) were evaluated. Every 28 days one egg was collected from each repetition for three consecutive days for quality assessment. The use of rice bran and wheat bran is viable as molting inducers since the birds given those treatments display performance and egg quality similar to those fasted during the induced molting and also because these ingredients promote easier handling, eliminates the need for grinding and feed-mixing equipment and, being less aggressive, provide greater bird welfare.

Poultry offal meal in broiler chicken feed

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Genome-wide association analysis of feed intake and residual feed intake in Nellore cattle

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)