Dispositivo de microdescargas em gases na pressão atmosférica

Neste trabalho foi desenvolvido um dispositivo de microdescargas em gases à pressão atmosférica para geração de plasma a fim de ser utilizado no tratamento de superfícies. O trabalho foi baseado em um estudo de iniciação científica que aconteceu em duas etapas. Na introdução apresentam-se as motivações do estudo, o dispositivo desenvolvido na primeira etapa do trabalho bem como os primeiros resultados e propostas de melhorias. Definem-se os objetivos da segunda etapa, que contemplam modificações no dispositivo de descarga e na fonte de alimentação. Em seguida são explanados os métodos utilizados para confecção do dispositivo, construção da fonte de alimentação e circuito de fotodetecção para observar as descargas. Apresenta-se o modelo e configurações dos experimentos, os resultados obtidos são expostos e debatidos brevemente. Colocam-se as conclusões do trabalho e novas propostas de investigação e melhoramentos para o estudo das microdescargas. Seguem-se os agradecimentos aos envolvidos no projeto e, por fim, a bibliografia utilizada

Caracterização de estruturas de óxido de estanho modificado como sensores de gases

Pós-graduação em Química - IQ

Recuperação de turbinas hidráulicas danificadas por erosão cavitacional por soldagem com aço inoxidável/cobalto

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEIS

Conduta no tratamento de gengivite ulcerativa necrosante (GUN) em serviço de urgência

Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis is a periodontal disease which suddenly appears and presents an acute clinical course, characterized by patients' pain, discomfort and halitosis. Ulceration on papilla and marginal gingiva can be observed. For this reason, patients presenting this condition may seek dental assistance in Health Units or Graduation Institutions, being the dentist responsible for the adoption of a clinical treatment that minimizes symptomatology. The purpose of this case report is to expose and discuss aspects of clinical treatment for this disease applied to the reality of this service.

Conduta de tratamento de gengivite ulcerativa necrosante (GUN) em serviço de urgência

Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis is a periodontal disease which suddenly appears and presents an acute clinical course, characterized by patients' pain, discomfort and halitosis. Ulceration on papilla and marginal gingiva can be observed. For this reason, patients presenting this condition may seek dental assistance in Health Units or Graduation Institutions, being the dentist responsible for the adoption of a clinical treatment that minimizes symptomatology. The purpose of this case report is to expose and discuss aspects of clinical treatment for this disease applied to the reality of this service.

Uso da avaliação do ciclo de vida para a determinação na redução de emissões de gases do efeito estufa e do consumo de energia associados a reciclagem de EPS

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

Assessing the influence of mechanical ventilation on blood gases and blood pressure in rattlesnakes

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

The application of neural networks to the analysis of dissolved gases in insulating oil used in transformers

The state of insulating oils used in transformers is determined through the accomplishment of physical-chemical tests, which determine the state of the oil, as well as the chromatography test, which determines possible faults in the equipment. This article concentrate on determining, from a new methodology, a relationship among the variation of the indices obtained from the physical-chemical tests with those indices supplied by the chromatography tests.The determination of the relationship among the tests is accomplished through the application of neural networks. From the data obtained by physical-chemical tests, the network is capable to determine the relationship among the concentration of the main gases present in a certain sample, which were detected by the chromatography tests.More specifically, the proposed approach uses neural networks of perceptron type constituted of multiple layers. After the process of network training, it is possible to determine the existent relationship between the physical-chemical tests and the amount of gases present in the insulating oil.

Does occupational exposure to anesthetic gases lead to increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines?

There is great concern about the possible harmful effects of exposure to volatile anesthetics. The current study aimed at evaluating, for the first time, the effects of occupational exposure to anesthetic gases on physicians who work in operating rooms, by determining several inflammatory cytokines. Plasma inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, -6, -8, -10, -12, TNF-α) were investigated in 30 individuals who were allocated into two groups of 15: the exposed group, consisting of operating room medical personnel exposed to a mixture of anesthetic gases for 3 years, and a control group composed of medical personnel not exposed to anesthetic gases. The concentrations of volatile anesthetics were measured in the operating room by means of an infrared portable analyzer Our findings suggest an increase of the pro-inflammatory IL-8 (p < 0.05) in medical personnel exposed to high concentrations of anesthetic gases, even for a relatively short period.

Diretrizes de conduta e tratamento de síndromes febris periódicas associadas à criopirina (Criopirinopatias–CAPS)

To establish guidelines based on cientific evidences for the management of cryopyrin associated periodic syndromes. The Guideline was prepared from 4 clinical questions that were structured through Pico (Patient, Intervention or indicator, Comparison and Outcome), to search in key primary scientific information databases. After defining the potential studies to support the recommendations, these were graduated considering their strength of evidence and grade of recommendation. 1215 articles were retrieved and evaluated by title and abstract; from these, 42 articles were selected to support the recommendations. 1. The diagnosis of Caps is based on clinical history and clinical manifestations, and later confirmed by genetic study. Caps may manifest itself in three phenotypes: FCAS (mild form), MWS (intermediate form) and Cinca (severe form). Neurological, ophthalmic, otorhinolaryngological and radiological assessments may be highly valuable in distinguishing between syndromes; 2. The genetic diagnosis with NLRP3 gene analysis must be conducted in suspected cases of Caps, i.e., individuals presenting before 20 years of age, recurrent episodes of inflammation expressed by a mild fever and urticaria; 3. Laboratory abnormalities include leukocytosis and elevated serum levels of inflammatory proteins; 4. Targeted therapies directed against interleukin-1 lead to rapid remission of symptoms in most patients. However, there are important limitations on the long-term safety. None of the three anti-IL-1β inhibitors prevents progression of bone lesions.

Diretrizes de conduta e tratamento de síndromes febris periódicas: síndrome de febre periódica, estomatite aftosa, faringite e adenite

To establish guidelines based on scientific evidence for the management of periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and adenitis (PFAPA) syndrome. The Guideline was prepared from 5 clinical questions that were structured through PICO (Patient, Intervention or indicator, Comparison and Outcome), to search in key primary scientific information databases. After defining the potential studies to support the recommendations, these were graduated considering their strength of evidence and grade of recommendation. 806 articles were retrieved and evaluated by title and abstract; from these, 32 articles were selected to support the recommendations. 1. PFAPA is a diagnosis of exclusion established on clinical grounds, and one must suspect of this problem in children with recurrent and periodic febrile episodes of unknown origin, or with recurrent tonsillitis interspersed with asymptomatic periods, especially in children in good general condition and with preservation of weight and height development; 2. Laboratory findings are nonspecific. Additional tests do not reveal pathognomonic changes; 3. The evidence supporting an indication for surgical treatment (tonsillectomy with or without adenoidectomy), is based on two non-blinded randomized clinical trials with small numbers of patients; 4. The use of prednisone at the onset of fever in patients with PFAPA proved to be an effective strategy. There is still need for more qualified evidence to support its use in patients with PFAPA; 5. Despite promising results obtained in studies with IL-1ß inhibitors, such studies are limited to a few case reports.

Comparação termométrica entre preparos cavitários realizados com turbinas de alta-rotação e laser de Er:YAG

The aim of this study was to compare temperature increases produced by a well-known equipment, the high-speed handpieces, with a relatively new instrument, the Er:YAG laser (350 mJ/10 Hz). Thirty-five bovine mandibular incisors, which were reduced to an enamel/dentin thickness of 2,5 mm, were used. Cavity preparation was done till a depth of 2, 5 mm. A thermocouple was placed to read the temperature inside of the pulp chamber. Analysis was performed in these groups: I - high-speed handpiece without water-cooling (n=10); II - high-speed handpiece with water-cooling (n=10); III - Er:YAG laser without water-cooling (n=5); IV- Er:YAG laser with water-cooling (n=10) Group III had only 5 teeth because it was impossible to properly make the cavity preparations by the laser equipment without water cooling. The temperature increases were recorded in a computer linked to the thermocouples and the data of the groups I, II and IV were submitted to Dunn's multiple comparison test (p<0,05). The medium temperature increases were: 11,64ºC for group I, 0,96ºC for group II, 40,86ºC for group III and 2,9°C for group IV. There were no statistical differences between groups lI and IV, and these were different from group I. The cavity preparations made by the high-speed and the laser equipment generated very similar heat increases under water-cooling. The water-cooling is essential to avoid aggressive temperature increases, both when using the high-speed and the laser equipment, and with laser it is especially necessary for ablation of enamel

Caracterização biomecânica da conduta motora remada básica de passeio do esporte stand up paddle

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

Displasia cementária periapical: considerações sobre conduta e relato de caso

A displasia cementária periapical (DCP) consiste em uma lesão óssea não neoplásica geralmente assintomática, sendo detectada em exame radiográfico de rotina. Em seu primeiro estágio apresenta-se radigraficamente semelhante a uma lesão periapical inflamatória, todavia na DCP os dentes encontram-se vitais. Neste relato de caso foi realizado o acompanhamento por sete meses de uma paciente negra com 37 anos de idade afetada por DCP no periápice de incisivos, caninos e pré-molares inferiores bilateralmente. Ao exame radiográfico foi possível notar que a lesão apresentou-se em dois estágios: osteolítico e de maturação. Os dentes reagiram positivamente aos testes de vitalidade/sensibilidade pulpar descartando, com auxílio do exame de imagem, diversas hipóteses diagnósticas do grupo das periapicopatias crônicas, contribuindo assim para uma adequada escolha do tratamento, evitando iatrogenias.

Nível de conhecimento dos professores de escolas públicas sobre a conduta frente ao traumatismo dentário

Introdução: o trauma dentário na infância ocorre com grande frequência, em especial em ambientes escolares. Portanto, é importante que educadores e funcionários das escolas saibam o que fazer frente a essa fatalidade, pois, após sua ocorrência, a rapidez na intervenção do cirurgião-dentista é um dos fatores que determinará o prognóstico de sucesso no tratamento. Objetivo: o objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o nível de conhecimento de professores de escolas públicas quanto ao tratamento emergencial em casos de traumatismo dentário. Métodos: quarenta professores de uma escola municipal e de uma creche foram entrevistados. O questionário abordava questões para identificação do perfil dos sujeitos, seu conhecimento acerca de primeiros socorros — incluindo traumas dentários —, qual tipo de traumatismo é mais frequente e quais são as condutas frente a esses traumatismos. Resultados: de um total de 40 entrevistados, 65% receberam treinamento de primeiros socorros, porém, apenas 52% receberam o treinamento do atendimento emergencial dos traumatismos dentários. Quarenta por cento já haviam presenciado casos de acidentes escolares envolvendo dentes, e a maioria dos entrevistados (55%) desconhecia a frequência com que isso ocorre. Um número significativo de pessoas tem dúvidas acerca da conduta correta a ser seguida quando da ocorrência de uma fratura coronária e da avulsão. Conclusão: conclui-se que o conhecimento dos professores sobre a conduta frente ao traumatismo dentário é inadequada. Programas educacionais, palestras explicativas e treinamentos devem ser realizados com esses profissionais, que são os primeiros a ter contato com casos de traumatismos dentários nas escolas.