Escolas diferenciadas praticam um ensino de ciências diferenciado para melhor!?: o que dizem os estudantes sobre o ensino de ciências de uma escola de aplicação

O presente estudo é relativo às práticas docentes no ensino de ciências em uma Escola de Aplicação tida como escola diferenciada positivamente em termos da qualidade de suas práticas de ensino, das condições de trabalho de seus professores e pelo suposto interesse de atualização permanente para assegurar aprendizagem significativa aos estudantes e prepará-los para exercer a cidadania. Meu objetivo foi identificar parâmetros de diferenciação qualitativa do ensino na área de Ciências, considerando justamente que a experimentação pedagógica foi uma das vertentes que dirigiu a criação de ‘escolas de aplicação’ no País. Esta investigação se desenvolve em uma modalidade de pesquisa narrativa por meio da qual se objetiva evidenciar, a partir do relato dos estudantes sobre suas experiências no ensino de ciências, como se configuram as práticas de ensino, especialmente em termos de: a) seleção de conteúdos, b) abordagens teórico-metodológicas do ensino, c) interação professor aluno e aluno-aluno em classe e fora desta, bem como d) práticas, critérios e procedimentos de avaliação do ensino e da aprendizagem. Procurei investigar como os alunos percebem e que valores atribuem às práticas de ensino de Ciências, configuradas especialmente como “boas aulas de ciências”. Tendo como foco os relatos dos estudantes de 5ª a 8ª séries da escola pesquisada, sobre as práticas de ensino de ciências que vivenciam, assumo como premissa, que estes possuem idéias, percepções e concepções acerca do processo de ensino e de aprendizagem. As análises por mim procedidas apontam para uma prática de ensino reprodutiva e memorativa, pouco diferente das práticas tradicionais usuais das escolas comuns. No tocante à natureza das aulas e à temática dessas aulas, pouco se valoriza os conhecimentos prévios dos estudantes, predominando um tipo de aula em que os alunos passivamente se limitam a observar o trabalho docente, reproduzem ou repetem quando solicitados aspectos de conteúdos/conhecimento informativo de temas e assuntos das ciências fechados no programa a cumprir e descontextualizados, sem qualquer relação com a realidade, com o mundo em que os estudantes vivem. A guisa de conclusão, considero que as possibilidades e os limites desse ensino obsoleto e ultrapassado de Ciências evidenciados pelos estudantes põem em questão o ensino atual da área e colocam desafios para esta escola de aplicação e para seus professores, em função principalmente das condições privilegiadas de uma escola de aplicação. Torna-se imprescindível que se retome tais práticas de ensino para atualizá-las ao se buscar refletir coletivamente sobre os conteúdos que podem ser significativos para os estudantes, sua relação com o mundo de hoje, bem como sobre as metodologias para tratamento dos conteúdos das Ciências na perspectiva da efetiva construção da aprendizagem significativa dos estudantes, preparando-os de fato para a cidadania.

Sobre a formação do professor de música: o tempo fugidio entre a aurora, o crepúsculo e o silêncio

Pós-graduação em Música - IA

Alfabetização científica nos anos iniciais: necessidades formativas e aprendizagens profissionais da docência no contexto dos sistemas de avaliação em larga escala

Pós-graduação em Educação para a Ciência - FC

O espírito de horror à vida educativa nos campos: a educação rural paulista nas décadas de 1930 e 1940

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Avaliação de língua portuguesa em provas escolares do século XX (1935 e 1963)

The article analyses three school exams of Elementary School, two belonging to a mother and one of her son, which were kept and provided to the researcher by the mother. The first two exams were dated March 30 and November 13, 1935 of the 3rd grade of Grupo Escolar Fernando Lobo in Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais. The third one was produced at Grupo Escolar Coronel Amâncio Bueno in Jaguariúna, São Paulo in March 28, 1963 in a 4th grade class. The analysed data all together point out school products which are the result of the relationship between teacher, student and school culture. School exams are as important documents as the notebooks in order to understand the school culture, and as this paper tries to indicate, they are the means for the insertion into the world of written culture. The methodology based on the microanalysis of these documents reveals records about the structure of the exams and the Brazilian school curriculum in the teaching of Portuguese as a mother tongue in 1935 e 1963.

Relações na escola da infância: perspectivas teóricas e didático-pedagógicas

This article portrays pathways and studies, arising from research already completed on relationships that constitute the process of appropriation-objectification of the world of human culture by the child at the School for Children, under the gaze of Historical-Cultural Approach. The studies had been configured in accord with a theoretical look that understands the relations as propeller of the humanization process and the child as capable to learn since very small. Initially, there is deepening of theoretical issues concerning the regularities of human development between three and six years old, based on the propositions of the Historical-Cultural Approach. Subsequently, it presents results of the routes methodological that integrated observation sessions of educational practice in schools in early childhood education, involving the relationship between children, adults and objects, as well as sessions of designs and semi-structured interviews with the children. These results show the resulting analysis of the pedagogical implications of the propositions of the HistoricalCultural Approach about the humanization process, mediation and activity.

O livro de Alzira

Aiming it contribute to discussions on teaching and learning of reading and writing, is presented, in the form of critical review, the analysis of textual configuration of the book Será que fui eu?, by Alzira Silveria. This analysis was developed based on the assumption that reading and producing written texts are specifically human activities whose function and importance beyond the boundaries of the school and change ways of thinking, feeling, will and act, promoting qualitative changes in process of human development and providing active participation in the public world of written culture, and therefore in society and history. This is the main “life lesson” that the author of the book teaches all interested in the subject, especially to school teachers responsible for teaching reading and writing, which can only be successful if and when they understand themselves as historical and social people who, also experience reading and producing written texts, not only as necessary acturties for their teaching performance, but rather as essential activities for human development, of people who are author of their own speech frow and about their life and history.

A aplicação de tópicos de História da Química no processo de ensino e aprendizagem: dificuldades dos alunos

This research project aims to determine the main way that the inclusion of topics of history and philosophy of science education activities aimed at high school, influence the process of teaching and learning of chemistry. The subject of research will be a teacher, undergraduate student in chemistry and public school students that the teaching units developed will be applied. The literature presents a large of research indicating the need to include these topics in education and present the results of large withdrawals of original sources of the development of scientific knowledge. Despite of the large number of these works are not very common reports of application of the results of these studies on activities of the classroom, which reinforces the importance of this study

Infância, família e escola: análise dos significados da Infância e dos Direitos da Criança

This study aimed at analyzing the meanings of Children and Child Rights awarded by the kindergarten children and their educators, parents and teacher. Interest in the subject arose from the participation of the University Extension Project, conducted at the Department of Education, UNESP, Bauru, called The Rights of the Child: ECA in school. Since then, the question arose: to what extent we have visibility of meanings that educators and the child has on the Rights of the Child relating to the specifics of childhood? The research followed the tenets of qualitative research, methodological procedures and adopting the observation in a classroom from kindergarten (K II), semi-structured interview through leisure moments, with the class of aged five years and a questionnaire for family and teacher. The research adopted as reference material, studies of the area of Sociology of Childhood, History of Childhood, Public Policy, Legislation Related to the theme, and an overview of psychogenic to talk about the morality of children. The results showed that parents and caregivers understand childhood as a stage of child development, marked by jokes and fancies, in which the family and the school has an important role in this process. In what concerns the children's rights, there are contradictions in the legal aspects and the situation of children today. The results showed that children's childhood is characterized by recreational activities, and adults are responsible for caring for them. And it comes on the Rights of the Child noted that there is a confusion between rights and duties because they are in a phase of moral heteronomy. The findings indicate the need for wide dissemination on the Statute of Children and Adolescents, especially in preschools in line with families to practice it a new look at childhood, conceiving children as subjects... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

As relações interpessoais e a ludicidade no contexto do 1º ano do ensino fundamental

The aim of this study is to investigate the importance of playfulness and interpersonal relationships at school. The methodology of the study was divided into three phases: the first phase was a survey and analysis of studies in the field of childhood playfulness and interpersonal relationships, from a reference from a multidisciplinary reference, supported in the areas of Educational Psychology and history and sociology of childhood and the second was the realization of an empirical study in a classroom of 1st year of elementary school, in which we use as instruments the use of participant observation, semistructured interviews with six selected students and collected school records and the third phase focused on analysis of data from a qualitative perspective with dialogues between literature in the area and data analysis. Among the main directions of study have the following problematizations: school world not adapted in order to enroll in elementary school, lack of playfulness, interpersonal relations in this context. By analyzing this information and the main results we have the advancement of education in the new environment where playfulness, as the jokes were not taken during the year by the teacher, but remained present in the actions of children, highlighting also the symbolism and sets of rules. Interpersonal relationships were present at all times, between being a friend, share and discuss, through the interactions. Therefore, we consider that there are still challenges to deal with this new child who enters school as it relates to your mood, the play, study or friendship

Educação física escolar: analisando o discurso e a ação docente

Facing the mechanical model that dominated the schools from the end of the 19th century to the 1970s, new movements for the Physical Education emerged during the 1980s. These movements aimed at breaking up with the military concept of sport that reigned so far. This way we assign a historical period marked by significant transformations in Brazilian Physical Education, especially in school, and they are related to the raise of new school proposals, such as: the developmentist, the constructivist and the critical-overcomer. All this considered, the present paper aims at analyzing if these tendencies really influenced the pedagogical practice of a group of Physical Education teachers in public schools of Serra Negra, SP.

A corporeidade infantil edificada por tempos e espaços escolares

This paper has as its theme the relationship between child corporeity and school culture. The purpose is thus to discuss the school culture, in its dimensions to school times and spaces and to reflect on the influence of these dimensions in the construction of children corporeity who attending primary and the first grade of nine year elementary school.

Fotografias escolares: a leitura de imagens na história da escola primária

This research consists in photograph reading, more specifically, school photographs related to primary teaching in the city of Campinas, between 1897 and 1950. It is based on a heritage constituted of 55 images that analyzes four categories of photographs: school architecture, student classes, teaching body and school activities, these categories illustrate the discourse about school, human contexts and social relations revealed by those images. The text also focuses the iconography documentation relevance for History of Education research, specially, about educational institutions.

Protocolo de biossegurança e gerenciamento de resíduos no ensino de radiologia odontológica da Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba-UNESP

In dentistry, the technic and radiographic processing incur the possibility of cross infection and environmental contamination. The dentist is responsible for the patient and dental team. For this reason he needs to take a protocol to prevent the spread of microorganisms and environmental exposure to risk factors. The protocols are introduced in the dentistry school as an important teaching tool, whose learning and application reinforce the importance of continuity of these actions in the professional activity. The objective of this paper is to present the biosafety and waste management protocol used in the dental radiology clinic of Araçatuba Dental School, including procedures for the prevention of biological and environmental contamination.

As atividades de demonstração e a teoria de Vigotski: um motor elétrico de fácil construção e de baixo custo

The experimental demonstration is one of the traditional activities used in the ambit of the Science teaching and of the scientific divulgation. However, this activity has not been fully explored yet in the classroom, because teachers have faced considerable difficulties due to the lack of demonstration equipment. In this work we present the explanation of an easy and low-cost assembly of an electric motor, to be used in Physics classes in High School. In addition, we employed Vigotski’s theory to guide this experimental activity in the classroom.