Fibras solúveis e insolúveis de verduras, tubérculos e canela para uso em nutrição clínica

Dietas enterais com alimentos convencionais são usadas para obter individualização e menor custo. No entanto, para melhorar o teor de fibras alimentares, o valor nutritivo e a confiabilidade, mais estudos são necessários. A proposta desse estudo foi estudar fontes de fibra alimentar de abóbora, agrião, canela em pó, couve-flor, inhame e tomate, para uso em nutrição enteral ou suplemento nutricional oral. Esses alimentos foram escolhidos por conter fibras alimentares e outros elementos considerados funcionais (isotiocianatos, indóis, licopeno, carotenoides, clorofila). Foram formuladas preparações com os alimentos em solução de água e adicionadas a uma formulação enteral domiciliar. Foram determinadas fibras solúvel e insolúvel, a composição centesimal dos alimentos e a atividade de água das formulações. Os alimentos foram acrescentados à formulação enteral domiciliar em quantidades de 100 g/2000 kcal/2 L e à água 150 g/2000kcal/2 L. Essas quantidades equivalem a duas porções diárias de cada alimento. A maior quantidade de fibra alimentar (base úmida) foi de canela (50,11%), sendo o teor dos outros alimentos: abóbora 1,76%; agrião 0,85%; couve-flor 1,51%; inhame 1,56%; e tomate 1,00%. Os valores de atividades de água ficaram entre 0,988 e 0,999, indicando que as dietas são suscetíveis à contaminação microbiana, sendo mais seguro consumir essas dietas imediatamente após o preparo.

Efeito da bebida de café descascado sobre a atividade antioxidante, os parâmetros hematológicos e bioquímicos em ratos

O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar o efeito da bebida filtrada, preparada com café-arábica descascado, sobre a peroxidação de lipídios, os parâmetros hematológicos e bioquímicos in vivo. Para isso foram utilizados ratos que ingeriram 280 mg/kg/dia da bebida de café por 7 dias (tratamento agudo) e 30 dias (tratamento crônico). A fim de determinar se a bebida de café é capaz de reduzir o estresse oxidativo, foi analisada a peroxidação de lipídios isolados de cérebro de rato analisando-se as substâncias reativas do ácido tiobarbitúrico. A ingestão da bebida por 7 e 30 dias inibiu significativamente a peroxidação lipídica (p < 0,05 e p < 0,001), respectivamente, em comparação ao controle. No entanto, não houve diferença significativa entre a porcentagem de inibição da peroxidação quando foram comparados os tratamentos agudo (48,6%) e crônico (53,4%). A ingestão crônica de doses moderadas da bebida filtrada de café não produziu modificação significativa no nível plasmático dos parâmetros bioquímicos e hematológicos analisados. Os resultados indicam que a ingestão moderada de café filtrado pode ter efeito benéfico para a saúde, por inibir a peroxidação lipídica e não interferir nos níveis séricos de colesterol e triglicerídeos em ratos.

Estudo de fibras alimentares em frutas e hortaliças para uso em nutrição enteral ou oral

Dietas enterais com alimentos convencionais são usadas em nutrição domiciliar para fornecer macronutrientes, obter dietas individualizadas e de menor custo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar frutas e hortaliças (alface, berinjela, cenoura, chicória, goiaba e tamarindo) como fontes de fibras alimentares solúveis e insolúveis para serem usadas em nutrição enteral ou suplemento nutricional oral. As hortaliças e frutas foram adicionadas a uma formulação enteral domiciliar e também preparadas em solução com água. Foram determinadas a composição centesimal, as fibras solúveis e insolúveis dos alimentos, a atividade de água e o pH das formulações. Foram realizados testes de gotejamento das formulações com os alimentos experimentais. A melhor proporção de alimento/dieta enteral domiciliar foi de 100 g/2 L para dieta enteral e de 150 g/2 L para suplemento nutricional oral (ingestão por boca). As quantidades de cada alimento adicionadas à formulação enteral equivalem a duas porções (100 g) diárias de cada alimento para 2 L e 2000 kcal. A maior contribuição para aumentar a quantidade de fibras foi da goiaba e a menor, da berinjela. Os valores de atividade de água ficaram entre 0,95 e 1,00, indicando que as dietas são susceptíveis à contaminação microbiana. Nessas condições, devem ser consumidas imediatamente após o preparo.

Rheological behavior of Brazilian Cherry (Eugenia uniflora L.) pulp at pasteurization temperatures

The rheological behavior of Brazilian Cherry (Eugenia uniflora L.) pulp in the range of temperatures used for pasteurization (83 to 97 °C) was studied. The results indicated that Brazilian Cherry pulp presented pseudoplastic behavior, and the Herschel-Bulkley model was considered more adequate to represent the rheological behavior of this pulp in the range of temperatures studied. The fluid behavior index (n) varied in the range from 0.448 to 0.627. The effect of temperature on the apparent viscosity was described by an equation analogous to Arrhenius equation, and a decrease in apparent viscosity with an increase in temperature was observed.

A autonomia como valor e articulação de possibilidades: o movimento dos professores indígenas do Amazonas, de Roraima e do Acre e a construção de uma política de educação escolar indígena

O presente artigo procura verificar o papel cultural-político-pedagógico do movimento dos professores indígenas do Amazonas, de Roraima e do Acre na construção de uma política indígena de educação escolar. Trabalha-se com a concepção de "escola indígena" como nova forma de instituição educacional, definindo-a a serviço de cada povo, como instrumento de afirmação e reelaboração cultural. Uma escola que contribua na conquista de espaço político - no campo da educação - pelos povos indígenas, dentro do Estado brasileiro, buscando novas relações interculturais, no marco do reconhecimento do Brasil como país pluricultural, assim como a superação da perspectiva integracionista, contrapondo-se, assim, à idéia e à realidade das "escolas para os índios". São analisados ainda os limites e as possibilidades das escolas indígenas, como recurso político-cultural de afirmação das identidades no confronto com a realidade atual, ou em seu enfrentamento, no que se refere ao contato interétnico.

Calculation of the magnetic field penetration depth for high-Tc cuprate superconductors based on the Interlayer Pair Tunneling model /

In this work, the magnetic field penetration depth for high-Tc cuprate superconductors is calculated using a recent Interlayer Pair Tunneling (ILPT) model proposed by Chakravarty, Sudb0, Anderson, and Strong [1] to explain high temperature superconductivity. This model involves a "hopping" of Cooper pairs between layers of the unit cell which acts to amplify the pairing mechanism within the planes themselves. Recent work has shown that this model can account reasonably well for the isotope effect and the dependence of Tc on nonmagnetic in-plane impurities [2] , as well as the Knight shift curves [3] and the presence of a magnetic peak in the neutron scattering intensity [4]. In the latter case, Yin et al. emphasize that the pair tunneling must be the dominant pairing mechanism in the high-Tc cuprates in order to capture the features found in experiments. The goal of this work is to determine whether or not the ILPT model can account for the experimental observations of the magnetic field penetration depth in YBa2Cu307_a7. Calculations are performed in the weak and strong coupling limits, and the efi"ects of both small and large strengths of interlayer pair tunneling are investigated. Furthermore, as a follow up to the penetration depth calculations, both the neutron scattering intensity and the Knight shift are calculated within the ILPT formalism. The aim is to determine if the ILPT model can yield results consistent with experiments performed for these properties. The results for all three thermodynamic properties considered are not consistent with the notion that the interlayer pair tunneling must be the dominate pairing mechanism in these high-Tc cuprate superconductors. Instead, it is found that reasonable agreement with experiments is obtained for small strengths of pair tunneling, and that large pair tunneling yields results which do not resemble those of the experiments.

Grant of Permission for lease of military lands from Sir Robert Prescott to Thomas Clark, 1798-1801.

Transcript (original spelling and grammar retained): By His Excellency Robert Prescott Esquire, Captain General and Governor in Chief in and over His Majestys Provinces of Upper and Lower Canada, General and Commander in Chief of all His Majesty’s forces in the Provinces of Upper and Lower Canada, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and their several Dependencies and in the Island of Newfoundland &ca. &ca. &ca. I do hereby authorise and permit Thomas Clark of Queenstown in the County of Lincoln in the Province of Upper Canada merchant to take possession of all that Lot, piece and parcel of Land (being part of the land reserved by his Majesty for Military purposes) situate, lying and being at Queenstown in the Township of Newark, in the Home District in the said Province of Upper Canada, bounded and abutted as follows, that is to say beginning at the Distance of two Chains and ninety links from the South East End of his Majesty’s Store House, the said distance being measured along the Bank up Stream, thence South thirty nine degrees and an half West one Chain and fifty links thence south fifty degrees and an half East one Chain and thirty links thence North thirty nine degrees and an half East to the Edge of the Bank and from thence along the Bank to the place of beginning, containing thirty one perches and one hundred and twenty five square links and to occupy and hold the said Lot, piece and parcel of Land during pleasure subject nevertheless to the provisoes and Conditions herein after contained, that is to say. First on condition that it shall and may be lawful to and for His Majesty his Heirs and Successors and to and for the Commander in Chief of His Majesty Forces for the time being and to and for the Officer commanding his Majesty’s Forces in Upper Canada for the time being and to and for either of them to determine and make void this present permission to occupy during pleasure the said Lot, Piece or Parcel of Land above described at any time hereafter whenever he or they shall see fit so to do without any compensation or indemnification to the said Thomas Clark or any other Person or Persons whosoever for any Loss Injury or Damage which he the said Thomas Clark or any other Person or Persons whosoever may thereby sustain. Secondly on this further Condition that it shall and may be lawful to and for His Majesty his Heirs and Successors and to and for his and their Officers, Soldiers and Servants at any time hereafter by order of the Commander in Chief of His Majesty’s Forces for the time being or by order of the Officer commanding his Majesty’s forces in Upper Canada for the time being or by order of the Officer of His Majesty’s Corps of Royal Engineers commanding in the said Province of Upper Canada for the time being to enter upon the said Lot Piece and parcel of Land which the said Thomas Clark is hereby permitted to occupy during pleasure or upon any part thereof and to take down and from the said Lot piece and parcel of Land or from any part thereof to remove any dwelling House Store or other Buildings on the said Lot, piece or Parcel of Land or any part thereof erected and to remove any goods or Chattels on the said Lot piece and parcel of Land or on any part thereof or on any such dwelling House Store or other building found or being and that His Majesty his Heirs and Successors or any other Person or Persons whosoever shall not be liable or responsible to the said Thomas Clark or to any other Person or Persons whosoever for any Loss, Injury or Damage which he or they shall or may in such case sustain. Thirdly on this further Condition that the said Thomas Clark shall not erect on the said Lot Piece or Parcel of Land which the said Thomas Clark is hereby permitted to occupy during pleasure or upon any part thereof at any time or times hereafter any dwelling House store or other Building whatsoever of Stone or brick or of any other materials wood only exccepted and that if any dwelling House or Store or other building of Stone or brick or of any other materials except wood shall at any time be erected on the said Lot, piece or parcel of Land or upon any part thereof, then and in such case, this present permission and every Clause and Article thereof shall from thenceforth cease and determine and be absolutely and entirely null and void. And lastly on this further Condition that the said Thomas Clark or any other Person whosoever shall not assign this permission to occupy the said Lot, Piece or Parcel of Land above described to any Person of Persons whosoever, and if any such assignment shall be made by the said Thomas Clark or by any other Person in his right, or on his behalf, that then and in such case such assignment and this permission to occupy during pleasure the said Lot piece and parcel of Land above described, and every Clause and Article thereof shall from thenceforth cease and determine and be absolutely and entirely null and void. Given under my hand at the Castle of St. Lewis in the City of Quebec in the Province of Lower Canada this Ninth day of July in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and ninety eight and in the thirty eighth year of His Majesty’s Reign. [Signed here by Robert Prescott] By Order of the Commander in Chief [Signed here by James Green (Illegible signature)] I the said Thomas Clark above named do hereby accept the above written Permission to occupy during pleasure the said Lot piece and parcel of Land above described upon and subject to the several Provisioes and Conditions above written and each and every of them severally and respectively. In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand the Sixteenth day of August in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and ninety eight and in the thirty eighth year of His Majesty’s Reign. [Signed here by Thomas Clark] Signed in the presence of [Illegible signature – looks like J. M Donell Lt. Col.] [Illegible – looks like 2d. Battn R. C. Sm?] [Signed here by C. Anderson] Whereas Inconveniences did arise from the peculiar situation of the Ground contiguous to the above described Lot of Land and the occupation thereof, if estimated by the above Limits would prove highly disadvantageous to Mr. Thomas Clark be it known that in consideration thereof we do permit the above Lot to extend one half Chain more in length up stream so as to comprehend the space allowed for the Road between Lots Two + Three, and we do hereby appropriate the said additional space wholly to the use of the said Thomas Clark. In witness whereof we have hereunto subscribed this Thirteenth Day of October in the Year of our Lord one thousand Eight Hundred and one. [Signed here by J. M’Donell Lt. Col] 2d. Battn. R. C. [in?] Com of Fort George + Dependencies Robt. Pilkington Captain Royal Engineers

Menu - Dinner given by the Prime Minister of Canada The Right Honourable Brian Mulroney

A menu from a dinner given by The Right Honourable Brian Mulroney and Mrs. Mila Mulroney during a visit by the Prime Minister of the Italian Republic, Giulio Andreotti. The dinner was held March 8, 1992 at The Westin Harbour Castle in Toronto and features Inniskillin wines.

Business Card from Green Acre Kennels

Business card from Green Acre Kennels, Aylmer East, Quebec, n.d.

Province of Upper Canada Grant (vellum) to Thomas Fraser of the Township of Edwardsburgh granted 1 acre in Lot no.9 in the County of Stormont

Province of Upper Canada Grant (vellum) to Thomas Fraser of the Township of Edwardsburgh granted 1 acre in Lot no.9 in the County of Stormont. Signed by William Jarvis, Sir Isaac Brock, Prideaux Selby and John Macdonell. There are some holes in the document and there are small pieces missing on the right hand side. William Jarvis was the Provincial Secretary of the Lt. Governor of Upper Canada; Sir Isaac Brock. Jarvis was an officer in the Queen’s Rangers. He also served as Provincial Secretary of Upper Canada. A partial crown seal is attached, Mar. 26, 1812.

La rencontre des contraires : attraction/narration et immersion/réflexivité dans le film en IMAX 3-D

Ce mémoire est consacré à la question de la réception spectatorielle des films en IMAX 3-D. Dans un premier temps, nous retracerons l’histoire du cinéma stéréoscopique, des origines jusqu’à l’inauguration de l’IMAX 3-D en 1986. Nous verrons que le modèle de l’attraction cinématographique s’est maintenu de tout temps dans l’économie de ce format, ce qui a contribué aux échecs de son institutionnalisation dans les années 50 et 80. En un deuxième temps, nous nous intéresserons à l’« expérience IMAX », afin de cerner la position qui y est attribuée au spectateur. Nous montrerons que les films IMAX misent à la fois sur leur potentiel immersif et sur la mise en évidence du dispositif. L’état d’immersion du spectateur entre donc en dialogue avec la réflexivité du médium. Par l’analyse des films Sea Monsters : A Prehistoric Adventure et Haunted Castle, il sera démontré que cette tension entre immersion et réflexivité sert un discours de glorification de l’IMAX. Aussi, nous interrogeons les liens entre la structure ponctuelle imposée par le modèle attractionnel et le fil narratif immanquablement mis en place dans les films IMAX.

La cruauté au féminin : mythes et sacrifice dans La Comtesse sanglante de Valentine Penrose

Résumé Ce mémoire consiste en une étude de la transgression en ce qui a trait au lieu, au personnage et aux sacrifices dans La Comtesse sanglante (1962) de Valentine Penrose, une auteure et artiste qui a fait partie du mouvement surréaliste dès 1926. À partir de l’idée directrice du sacrifice et du sacré, nous exposons, dans un premier temps, l’état transgressif de la criminelle historique Erzsébet Báthory, présentée dans le récit comme une beauté fixe masquant une âme monstrueuse. Dans un deuxième temps, nous examinons la cruauté et la théâtralité des sacrifices pulsionnels qui servent la propre déification de la protagoniste. Partant de la théorie de la transgression de Foucault de laquelle nous dégageons l’idée du seuil, le premier chapitre présente la marginalité de l’univers de la meurtrière présenté comme une extension de son corps, du château en tant que structure froide et vide à l’intérieur. Dans le deuxième chapitre, nous mettons en corrélation la violence et le sacré en rapport, d’une part, aux mises en scène sacrificielles et au rôle de chaque femme participant aux sacrifices, et d’autre part, à la progression de la cruauté dans le récit. Dans le troisième chapitre sont explorés le phénomène de la rumeur et la filiation mythique du personnage par la réécriture de deux figures monstrueuses : la Méduse et Lilith. Par ces analyses, ce mémoire a pour but de faire connaître davantage l’auteure et de dégager la singularité de la comtesse Báthory dépeinte par Penrose comme l’archétype de la transgression au féminin.

La Parenthèse ; suivi de Tensions et enfermement dans les Cent Vingt Journées de Sodome du marquis de Sade

Ce mémoire en recherche-création explore l’enfermement volontaire et les différents types de tensions qu’il provoque. Court roman prenant la forme du journal intime, La Parenthèse met en scène un jeune homme qui décide de s’enfermer chez lui une semaine durant et s’interdit tout contact avec l’extérieur – autant pour prendre un congé temporaire de la vie qu’il mène que pour examiner les raisons de sa détresse quotidienne. Le monologue intérieur se transforme rapidement en dialogue, dès lors qu’un double vindicatif, interrompant la voix principale par des « répliques » entre parenthèses, fait son apparition. Une relation houleuse – sous tension – se tisse entre ces deux facettes du personnage tout au long des sept jours de la réclusion, les passages de dispute alternant avec des récits de souvenirs. En somme, le roman tente de dramatiser la question de l’emprisonnement de soi-même et de la limitation de l’écriture, cette limitation pouvant être à la fois malsaine et libératrice. Quant à l’essai, Tensions et enfermement dans les Cent Vingt Journées de Sodome du marquis de Sade, il part du thème de l’enfermement (en l’occurrence, celui des quatre amis qui exécutent le projet de passer quatre mois dans un château isolé) pour postuler une « architecture du désir » dans Les Cent Vingt Journées de Sodome. L’essai mobilise les ressources de la narratologie en prenant en compte les effets du texte sur le lecteur ; sont ainsi mises en évidence les tensions – sexuelle pour les protagonistes, narrative pour le lecteur – élaborées par cette écriture de l’enfermement et de la contrainte, dans laquelle le désir est toujours maintenu mais rarement satisfait.