Phosphorus dynamics in waters of the Pacific Ocean

Tagged phosphorus was used to measure principal indices of mineral phosphorus variations in the euphotic zone of the East Pacific, i.e. total rate of uptake of phosphate phosphorus by microplankton (A_t), fraction consumed by phytoplankton (A_p/A_t), and turnover time (T). A_t reached its greatest values (150-280 ng/l/hour) in the upwelling zone of the Peru traverse, where development of phytoplankton was induced by upwelling. In other areas of this traverse values were 40-80 ng/l/hour in surface layers. In less productive waters on two other profiles (off Central America and California), values were lower, between 20 and 40 ng/l. On the vertical profile maxima of A_t were found at the upper boundary of the thermocline. Turnover time of PO4 phosphorus (T) in zones of phytoplankton abundance was very short, between 1.5 and 4 days. At most other stations it was 10-40 days, increasing to 100-200 days or longer at the lower boundary of the euphotic zone. In areas of phytoplankton abundance it accounted for 60-80% of total uptake of PO4 phosphorus. But in zones of elevated bacterial abundance, A_p/A_t fell to 20-40%. Data indicating lack of correlation between PO4 phosphorus and productivity are presented. It is emphasized that the above measures of PO4 phosphorus dynamics can be used for obtaining measures of functional condition and successional phase of marine plankton communities.

Memories of familiar books. With a memoir of the author,

First edition published in 1871 titled Among my books. This 1876 edition includes new introductory material.

The poetry of the Orient.

First published in 1856 under title: The poetry of the East.

History of religion in England from the opening of the Long Parliament to 1850.

Vols. 1-6: 4th edition; v.7-8: 2d edition.

Origin, doctrine, constitution, and discipline of the United brethren in Christ.

Mode of access: Internet.

Annotated record of the detailed examination of Mn deposits in the submarine canyons off George Bank taken by the R/V ATlantis in 1939

New surveys were completed and data from the field sheets were kindly furnished by the U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey to the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution for use in dredging and coring operations. This field work, first reported in 1936, was continued from time to time until 1941 as new soundings became available. Rock dredging and coring has been carried out in every major canyon on the slope from Corsair Canyon at the tip of Georges Bank to Norfolk Canyon off the entrance to the Chesapeake. Numerous cores have also been taken from the areas in between; and while the whole slope from Georges to the Chesapeake has not been covered, it is believed that no significant areas have been missed. In the following report the tows and cores will be described by areas from Georges Bank southwards, as the same region was revisited in successive years. The various samples, however, will be referred to by number followed by the year in which they were taken. The material is in storage in the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution and in the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard University.

Virtual Encyclopaedia of the Bulgarian Iconography

East-Christian icon art is recognised as one of the most significant areas of the art of painting. Regrettably, it is still being neglected in the digital documentation and the registry of the art of painting. The accessibility to that large part of mankind's cultural and historical ancestry would be enhanced greatly if icons of all possible kinds and origins were digitised, classified, and „exhibited“ in the Internet. That would allow the preservation and even the future digital restoration of a large number of rare specimens of the East-Christian art of painting. This article aims to introduce how modern techniques from the area of digital libraries can be used for implementing the demonstrative multimedia library “Virtual encyclopaedia of the Bulgarian iconography ” 4, containing a large number of Bulgarian iconic art masterpieces and iconography of various authors, periods and schools.

The Kyoto School and Confucianism: a Confucian reading of the philosophy of history and political thought of Masaaki Kosaka

This dissertation examines the philosophy of Masaaki Kōsaka (1900-1969) from the East Asian perspective of Confucianism, which I believe is the most appropriate moral paradigm for comprehending his political speculations. Although largely neglected in post-war scholarship, Kōsaka was a prominent member of the Kyoto School during the 1930s and 40s. This was a group of Japanese thinkers strongly associated with the philosophies of Kitarō Nishida and Hajime Tanabe. Kōsaka is now best known for his participation in the three Chūō Kōron symposia held in 1941 and 1942. These meetings have been routinely denounced by liberal historians due to the participants’ support for the Pacific War and the Co-Prosperity Sphere. However, many of these liberal portrayals have failed to take into account the full extent of the group’s resistance to the military junta of Hideki Tōjō. Adopting the methods and techniques of the empirical disciplines of academic history and Orientalism, I develop an interpretative framework that is more receptive to the political values that mattered to Kōsaka as a Confucian inspired intellectual. This has necessitated the rejection of moral history, which typically prioritises modern liberal values brought a priori to the historical record of wartime Japan, as well as recognition of the different ontological foundations that inform the unique political theories of the East Asian intellectual tradition. Reinforced by the prior research of Michel Dalissier and Graham Parkes, as well as my own reading of the Confucian canon, I adopt David Williams’s thesis of ‘Confucian Revolution’ as my principle schema of interpretation. This, I believe, is better able to reconcile Kōsaka’s support for the war with his strong condemnation of the imperialist practices of the Japanese military. Moreover, acknowledging the importance of Confucianism allows us to fully appreciate Kōsaka’s strong affinity for Kant’s practical metaphysics, Hegel’s political philosophy and Ranke’s historiography.

Annotated record of the detailed examination of Mn deposits from DSDP Site 160, Leg 16 (Cores 16-160-1, 16-160-2 and 16-160-3)

DSDP 160 forms part of a series of sites in the eastern equatorial Pacific on the west flank of the East Pacific Rise. Earlier legs of the Deep Sea Drilling Project, in particular Legs 5 and 9, have reported sediments rich in oxides of iron and perhaps other transition metals just above basement in the eastern Pacific. These occurrences roughly define a broad zone on the west flank of the rise. Site DSDP 160 lies on this trend and were selected by the Pacific Site Selection Panel to test the extent of such deposits.

Annotated record of the detailed examination of Mn deposits from DSDP Site 161, Leg 16 (Cores 16-161-1 and 16-161A-14)

DSDP 161 is located on the lower west flank of the East Pacific Rise about midway between the Clipperton and Clarion fracture zones which define the boundaries of a large structural block in the eastern Pacific. The site is about 4,000 km west of the present crest of the Rise. It is located near the northern edge of a zone of thick Cenozoic sediments which marks the general location of the equatorial zone of high biological productivity.

Annotated record of the detailed examination of Mn deposits from DSDP Site 162, Leg 16 (Cores 16-162-1, 16-162-2, 16-162-8, 16-162-9 and 16-162-15)

DSDP 162 is located due north of DSDP 161 on the lower west flank of the East Pacific Rise about 3900 km west of the crest. It is in the Clarion-Clipperton block, about 80 km south of the Clarion Fracture Zone. The site lies at the extreme northern edge of the zone of thick sediments that parallels the equator in the Pacific and marks the region of high biological productivity.

Annotated record of the detailed examination of Mn deposits from DSDP Site 159, Leg 16 (Cores 16-159-6 and 16-159-12)

DSDP 159 is one of a series of sites in the eastern equatorial Pacific on the west flank of the East Pacific Rise. It was selected by the Pacific Site Selection Panel on the premise that if hydrothermal processes on the crest of the East Pacific Rise supply the transition metals, a broad zone of such deposits should be present immediately above basement over the entire flank of the Rise.

THE MUSIC PERFORMED FOR THE SACRIFICIAL RITE AT THE ROYAL ANCESTRAL SHRINE OF THE CHOSŎN DYNASTY (1392–1910): INDIVIDUAL AGENCY AND DISCOURSE ON MUSIC EXPRESSED IN THE EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY KOREAN ENCYCLOPEDIA _TONGGUK MUNHŎN PIGO_ (1770)

In 1964, the South Korean government designated the music for the sacrificial rite at the Royal Ancestral Shrine (Chongmyo) as Intangible Cultural Property No. 1, and in 2001 UNESCO awarded the rite and music a place in the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. The Royal Ancestral Shine sacrificial rite and music together have long been an admired symbol of Korean cultural history, and they are currently performed annually and publicly in an abridged form. While the significance of the modern version of the music mainly rests on the claimed authenticity and continuity of the tradition since the fifteenth century, scholarly inquiry sheds further light on contextual issues such as nationalism, identity, and modernity in the post-colonial era (after 1945), as well as providing additional insights into the music. This dissertation focuses on the Royal Ancestral Shrine’s musical past as reflected in documentary sources, especially those compiled in the eighteenth century during the Chosŏn dynasty (1392–1910). In particular, the substantial music section of an encyclopedic work, Tongguk Munhŏn pigo (Encyclopedia of Documents and Institutions of the East Kingdom, 1770), mainly compiled by a government official, Sŏ Myŏngŭng (1716–1787), provides a considerable amount of information on not only the music and sacrificial rite program, but also on eighteenth-century and earlier concerns about them, as discussed by the kings and ministers at the Chosŏn royal court. After detailed examination of various relevant documentary sources on the historical, social and political contexts, I investigate the various discourses on music and ritual practices. I then focus on Sŏ Myŏngŭng’s familial background, his writings on music prior to the compilation of the encyclopedia, and the corresponding content in the encyclopedia. I argue that Sŏ successfully converted the music section of the encyclopedia from a straightforward scholarly reference work to a space for publishing his own research on and interpretation of the musical past, illustrating what he considered to be the inappropriateness of the existing music for the sacrificial rite at the Royal Ancestral Shrine in the later eighteenth century.