Hume e o problema moral

Tese de Doutoramento em Filosofia (área de especialização em Filosofia Moderna e Contemporânea).

Turismo arqueológico: um projeto de valorização da arte rupestre no vale do Lima

Dissertação de mestrado em Património e Turismo Cultural

Produções independentes em arte e comunicação como ferramentas para a construção de realidades sociais: estudos de caso no Brasil

Dissertação de mestrado em Comunicação, Arte e Cultura

Estado da arte do procedimento percutâneo: paciente octogenário submetido com sucesso, em apenas uma sessão, a valvotomia pulmonar, implante de stent coronário e implante de marcapasso definitivo

É relatado caso de paciente de 82 anos, portador de insuficiência renal leve, estenose valvar pulmonar (EVP) severa, estenose severa de artéria descendente anterior e bloqueio atrioventricular total, submetido a angioplastia coronária com implante de stent coronário, valvotomia pulmonar e implante de marcapasso definitivo no mesmo procedimento, com sucesso.

Arte Rupestre de la Sierra de Comechingones - Provincia de Córdoba - Argentina

El arte rupestre de la Provincia de Córdoba conforma un conjunto de especial interés arqueológico y estético pero no totalmente conocido en terreno. Este Proyecto intenta profundizar los hallazgos en la sierra de Comechingones, con la finalidad de establecer sus correlaciones con los ambientes litológicos de estas montañas, entre las latitudes comprendidas entre Alpa Corral y Chaján bajo la hipótesis de que la misma es significativa especialmente en lo que concierne a las distribuciones de pinturas y petroglifos. De acuerdo con esta hipótesis los objetivos de investigación se refieren a obtener registros nuevos organizando la prospección de acuerdo con la extensión de los Distritos Geológicos Cerro Áspero e Intihuasi, establecer sus características estilísticas y efectuar estudios de sitio detallados de acuerdo con protocolos de investigación ya sometidos a prueba por el equipo de investigadores, los cuales abarcan las propiedades litológicas, los signos, sus combinaciones y ubicación en la arquitectura de cada sitio rupestre. Se procurará alcanzar un corpus de sitios y de arte amplio y representativo del arte rupestre de la Provincia. Los esfuerzos de síntesis realizados hasta ahora no han contemplado el arte del sur de Córdoba más que en los casos conocidos desde fines del siglo XIX, por lo tanto, es particularmente importante abordar su localización y estudio con premura antes que se destruyan y, asimismo, prever las medidas precautorias como para que esto no suceda.

Business-science research collaboration under moral hazard

I analyze, in the context of business and science research collaboration, how the characteristics of partnership agreements are the result of an optimal contract between partners. The final outcome depends on the structure governing the partnership, and on the informational problems towards the efforts involved. The positive effect that the effort of each party has on the success of the other party, makes collaboration a preferred solution. Divergence in research goals may, however, create conflicts between partners. This paper shows how two different structures of partnership governance (a centralized, and a decentralized ones) may optimally use the type of project to motivate the supply of non-contractible efforts. Decentralized structure, however, always choose a project closer to its own preferences. Incentives may also come from monetary transfers, either from partners sharing each other benefits, or from public funds. I derive conditions under which public interventio

Raising the Level of Moral Thinking among Managers Will Not Help. Kohlberg's Conventionality and Systemic Ethical Flaws in Business

Business ethicists often assume that unethical behavior arises when individuals deviate from the norms and responsibilities that are institutionalized to frame economic activities. People's greed motivates them to violate the rules of the game. In Kohlberg's terms, it is assumed that such actors make decisions in a preconventional way and act opportunistically. In this article, we propose an alternative interpretation of deviant behavior, arguing that such behavior does not result from a lack of conventional moral guidance but rather from the fact that characteristics attributed to preconventional morality by Kohlberg - the purely incentive and punishment driven opportunistic morality - have become the conventionalized morality. The prevailing norms that economic actors have internalized as their yardstick are those of the preconventional Homo economicus. Not the deviation from, but the compliance with the rules of the game explains many forms of harmful and illegal decisions made in corporations.

Moral Hazard with Counterfeit Signals

In many moral hazard problems, the principal evaluates the agent's performance based on signals which the agent may suppress and replace with counterfeits. This form of fraud may affect the design of optimal contracts drastically, leading to complete market failure in extreme cases. I show that in optimal contracts, the principal deters all fraud, and does so by two complementary mechanisms. First, the principal punishes signals that are suspicious, i.e. appear counterfeit. Second, the principal is lenient on bad signals that the agent could suppress, but does not.

Liquidity, moral hazard and bank crises

Bank crises, by interrupting liquidity provision, have been viewed as resulting in welfare losses. In a model of banking with moral hazard, we show that second best bank contracts that improve on autarky ex ante require costly crises to occur with positive probability at the interim stage. When bank payoffs are partially appropriable, either directly via imposition of fines or indirectly by the use of bank equity as a collateral, we argue that an appropriately designed ex-ante regime of policy intervention involving conditional monitoring can prevent bank crises.

An affective approach to moral motivation

Over the last few years, there has been a surge of work in a new field called "moral psychology", which uses experimental methods to test the psychological processes underlying human moral activity. In this paper, I shall follow this line of approach with the aim of working out a model of how people form value judgements and how they are motivated to act morally. I call this model an "affective picture": 'picture' because it remains strictly at the descriptive level and 'affective' because it has an important role for affects and emotions. This affective picture is grounded on a number of plausible and empirically supported hypotheses. The main idea is that we should distinguish between various kinds of value judgements by focusing on the sort of state of mind people find themselves in while uttering a judgement. "Reasoned judgements" are products of rational considerations and are based on preliminary acceptance of norms and values. On the contrary, "basic value judgements" are affective, primitive and non-reflective ways of assessing the world. As we shall see, this analysis has some consequences for the traditional internalism-externalism debate in philosophy; it highlights the fact that motivation is primarily linked to "basic value judgements" and that the judgements we openly defend might not have a particular effect on our actions, unless we are inclined to have an emotional attitude that conforms to them.