Pharmacovigilance [Pharmacovigilance].

Main pharmacovigilance updates in 2011 are reviewed. Dronedarone: Serious cardio-vascular and hepatic adverse reactions for a questionable efficacy. Long-term proton pump inhibitors: A cause of hypomagnesemia. Bisphosphonates: A risk of atypical femoral fractures. Dasatinib: Cases of pulmonary arterial hypertension reported. Lenalidomide: A risk of second primary malignancies. Daptomycine: Cases of eosinophilic pneumonia reported. Tigecycline: Inferior to comparators. Drotrecogin alfa: Market withdrawal due to lack of efficacy. Nimesulide: More hepatotoxic than other NSAIDs. Topiramate: Evidence of teratogenicity (oral clefts). Valproate: Impaired cognitive development in addition to well-known teratogenicity. Antipsychotics in late pregnancy: A risk of neonatal complications.

Cytokines and hs-CRP levels in individuals treated with low-dose aspirin for cardiovascular prevention: a population-based study (CoLaus Study).

Pro-inflammatory cytokines and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) are associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease. Low-dose aspirin for CV prevention is reported to have anti-inflammatory effects. The aim of this study was to determine the association between pro-inflammatory cytokines and hs-CRP levels and low-dose aspirin use for cardiovascular prevention in a population-based cohort (CoLaus Study). We assessed blood samples in 6085 participants (3201 women) aged 35-75years. Medications' use and indications were recorded. Among aspirin users (n=1'034; 17%), overall low-dose users (351; 5.8%) and low-dose for cardiovascular prevention users (324; 5.3%) were selected for analysis. Pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were assessed by a multiplex particle-based flow cytometric assay and hs-CRP by an immunometric assay. Cytokines and hs-CRP were presented in quartiles. Multivariate analysis adjusting for sex, age, smoking status, body mass index, diabetes mellitus and immunomodulatory drugs showed no association between cytokines and hs-CRP levels and low-dose aspirin use for cardiovascular prevention, either comparing the topmost vs. the three other quartiles (OR 95% CI, 0.84 (0.59-1.18), 1.03 (0.78-1.32), 1.10 (0.83-1.46), 1.00 (0.67-1.69) for IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and hs-CRP, respectively), or comparing the topmost quartile vs. the first one (OR 95% CI, 0.87 (0.60-1.26), 1.19 (0.79-1.79), 1.26 (0.86-1.84), 1.06 (0.67-1.69)). Low-dose aspirin use for cardiovascular prevention does not impact plasma pro-inflammatory cytokine and hs-CRP levels in a population-based cohort.

Five years of denosumab exposure in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis: results from the first two years of the FREEDOM extension.

The 3-year FREEDOM trial assessed the efficacy and safety of 60 mg denosumab every 6 months for the treatment of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Participants who completed the FREEDOM trial were eligible to enter an extension to continue the evaluation of denosumab efficacy and safety for up to 10 years. For the extension results presented here, women from the FREEDOM denosumab group had 2 more years of denosumab treatment (long-term group) and those from the FREEDOM placebo group had 2 years of denosumab exposure (cross-over group). We report results for bone turnover markers (BTMs), bone mineral density (BMD), fracture rates, and safety. A total of 4550 women enrolled in the extension (2343 long-term; 2207 cross-over). Reductions in BTMs were maintained (long-term group) or occurred rapidly (cross-over group) following denosumab administration. In the long-term group, lumbar spine and total hip BMD increased further, resulting in 5-year gains of 13.7% and 7.0%, respectively. In the cross-over group, BMD increased at the lumbar spine (7.7%) and total hip (4.0%) during the 2-year denosumab treatment. Yearly fracture incidences for both groups were below rates observed in the FREEDOM placebo group and below rates projected for a "virtual untreated twin" cohort. Adverse events did not increase with long-term denosumab administration. Two adverse events in the cross-over group were adjudicated as consistent with osteonecrosis of the jaw. Five-year denosumab treatment of women with postmenopausal osteoporosis maintained BTM reduction and increased BMD, and was associated with low fracture rates and a favorable risk/benefit profile.

Anciens catalogues de la Bibliothèque du Roi et de différentes collections qui sont venues l'accroître aux XVIIe, XVIIIe et XIXe siècles. Catalogues de divers fonds orientaux.

« Notices sur quelques manuscrits arabes, par M. Woepke (fol. 1) ; — Notices sur quelques mss. sanscrits, par M. Fauriel (fol. 6) ; — Notices sur quelques mss. sanscrits (fol. 40) ; — Notices sur quelques mss. sanscrits en caractère bengali, par M. Loiseleur Deslongchamps (fol. 58) ; — Notices sur quelques mss. arabes, par M. Hassler (fol. 94) ; — Notices sur quelques mss. arabes, par M. Reinaud (fol. 99) ; — Catalogue des mss. orientaux de l'ancienne maison de la Sorbonne, par M. Reinaud (fol. 126) ; — Catalogue des mss. orientaux de l'ancien couvent de l'Oratoire, par M. Reinaud (fol. 136) ; — Catalogue des mss. orientaux des différentes bibliothèques publiques de Paris (fol. 146) ; — Liste des livres et des mss. orientaux venus d'Alger et adressés à la Bibliothèque royale, le 30 nov. 1832 (fol. 152) ; — Note de quelques mss. orientaux appartenant à M. Wahl (fol. 156) ; — Mss. orientaux provenant de feu M. Schultz (fol. 157 et 159) ; — Mss., papiers et autres objets provenant de feu M. Schultz (fol. 163) ; — Collection Asselin (fol. 165 et 270) ; — Lettres et pièces relatives au fonds Asselin (fol. 263) ; — Mss. arabes, persans, samskrits et hindous tanys, cédés à la Bibliothèque du Roi par M. de Polier (fol. 291 et 293) ; — Évaluation de 47 mss. arabes, persans, maures, bengalis, etc., provenant de feu Ouessant, interprète de la Compagnie de Pondichéry (fol. 295) ; — Mss. arabes, turcs et persans de M. Ducaurroy (fol. 298) ; — Collection des mss. orientaux appartenant à la succession de feu M. le baron Rousseau, consul général à Tripoly de Barbarie (fol. 303) ; — Liste des mss. tamouls cédés à la Bibliothèque du Roi par M. Ducler (fol. 309) ; — Liste des mss. tamouls donnés à la Bibliothèque du Roi par M. Reydelet (fol. 311) ; — Mss, arabes et berbères de M. Delaporte père, 4848 (fol. 314) ; — État sommaire de quelques mss. réputés venir de feu M. Huet,... trouvés dans la maison Kerboeuf (fol. 323) ; — Mss. orientaux distraits du fonds Renaudot (fol. 324) ; — Mss. arabes rapportés d'Égypte par le citoyen Raiye (fol. 325) ; — Cinq volumes arabes mss. offerts à la Bibliothèque royale par S. A. R. Mgr le duc de Nemours (fol. 326) ; — Liste des livres qu'on a envoyés à Mrs de la Compagnie, en tamoul, 14 déc. 1729 (fol. 327) ; — Catalogue des mss. indiens de la Bibliothèque du Roi (fol. 328) ; — « Mémoire concernant l'acquisition des mss. persiens qu'il conviendroit de faire aux Indes pour la Bibliothèque du Roy » (fol. 362) ; — Mémoire de livres à rechercher dans le Levant pour la Bibliothèque du Roy (fol. 366) ; — État des mss. à rechercher à Constantinople pour la Bibliothèque impériale (fol. 384) ; — Catalogue des mss. orientaux appartenant à M. R. Johnson, 1806 (fol. 386) ; — Liste des mss. orientaux de la bibliothèque de sir Thomas Phillipps à Middlehill, 1829 (fol. 396) ; — Indication des mss. arabes les plus importants de la bibliothèque d'Alger (fol. 398) ; — Liste des livres et mss. venus d'Alger (fol. 402) ; — Liste des bibliothèques turques de Constantinople, 1854 (fol. 404) ; — Bibliothèque du sultan Ahmet III, au vieux sérail : catalogue des livres d'histoire, 1854 (fol. 408) ; — Note des mss. orientaux extraits de la bibliothèque de Vienne, que le conservatoire de la Bibliothèque impériale juge entièrement inutiles (fol. 416) ; — Notice par Ascari de l'ancien ms. syriaque 13 (fol. 418) ; — Manuscrits persans historiques de l'Indoustan, et livres en langue samscretam, apportés à la Bibliothèque du Roi en 1778 » (fol. 420).

Body taping for contour surgery.

BACKGROUND: Preoperative marking is of primary importance in body contouring and when precise simulation of skin excisions is difficult. Because the "cut as you go" principle can be delicate, especially in patients after massive weight loss, a simple and quick method is needed for preoperative planning. We suggest an approach that helps visualize the optimal skin incision lines and simulates the postoperative result by body taping. METHODS: Twelve patients who underwent abdominal contouring, including classic and vertical abdominoplasties as well as dog ear and scar revision, were prospectively analyzed. The skin to be excised was preoperatively folded, taped, and then marked. The area marked was measured and compared with the actual intraoperatively resected area and the postoperative result was evaluated after 1 year by the patients and three surgeons. RESULTS: With body taping, an 83% congruence between the preoperative planning and the surgery was obtained and only two patients had additional skin resected. No wound dehiscence and flap necrosis occurred and patients as well as surgeons scored the final body contour positively. CONCLUSION: Body taping is a simple, quick, and economic method for planning contour surgery with high accuracy as demonstrated by the low rate of intraoperative changes of the planned resection and low complication rate.

Analysis of the present (and impact) of women in business organizations in contemporany Spanish democracy. The impact of Spanish law of equality reviewed

Since its approval, in 2007, the Spanish Law of Equality (LO 3/2007) has been the target of many scholars on gender issues. Those analyses (and those previous to the first observable results of the Spanish Law of Equality), have largely prioritized political representative institutions and political parties as the main arenas to assess the impact of the new regulation. Nevertheless, to make a comprehensive analysis of the increase and impact of the presence of women in contemporary democracies one cannot exclude the existence of many other crucial actors in our pluralist systems, such as business organizations.In this line, in order to widen the knowledge on the presence of women in Spanish contemporary democracy, as well as to further assess the impact of Spanish Law of Equality on the presence of women in economic and political life, our paper will look at the gender bias of the executive committees in the Spanish Chambers of Commerce and business associations during the period 20010-2012. By placing those actors at the front sight, we aim to contribute with new empirical insights to the current debate on this topic.

Circulating sex steroids during pregnancy and maternal risk of non-epithelial ovarian cancer.

BACKGROUND: Sex steroid hormones have been proposed to play a role in the development of non-epithelial ovarian cancers (NEOC) but so far no direct epidemiological data are available.METHODS: A case-control study was nested within the Finnish Maternity Cohort, the world's largest bio-repository of serum specimens from pregnant women. Study subjects were selected among women who donated a blood sample during a singleton pregnancy that led to the birth of their last child preceding diagnosis of NEOC. Case subjects were 41 women with sex-cord stromal tumors (SCST) and 21 with germ cell tumors (GCT). Three controls, matching the index case for age, parity at the index pregnancy, and date at blood donation were selected (n=171). Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) associated with concentrations of testosterone, androstenedione, 17-OH-progesterone, progesterone, estradiol and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) were estimated through conditional logistic regression.RESULTS: For SCST, doubling of testosterone, androstenedione and 17-OH-progesterone concentrations were associated with about 2-fold higher risk of SCST [ORs and 95% CI of 2.16 (1.25-3.74), 2.16 (1.20-3.87), and 2.62 (1.27-5.38), respectively]. These associations remained largely unchanged after excluding women within 2, 4 or 6 years lag-time between blood donation and cancer diagnosis. Sex steroid hormones concentrations were not related to maternal risk of GCT.CONCLUSIONS: This is the first prospective study providing initial evidence that elevated androgens play a role in the pathogenesis of SCST. Impact: Our study may note a particular need for larger confirmatory investigations on sex steroids and NEOC.

Desempenho animal e características de pasto de capim-xaraés sob diferentes intensidades de pastejo, durante o período das águas

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o valor nutritivo, a estrutura do dossel, a ingestão de forragem e a produção animal em pastos de capim-xaraés (Urochloa brizantha cv. Xaraés), manejados a 15, 30 e 45 cm de altura, sob lotação contínua, durante o período das águas. Mensalmente, foram realizadas amostragens para estimar as características dos pastos e determinar o peso dos animais. A produção de forragem decresceu com o aumento da intensidade de pastejo; no entanto, o pasto com 15 cm de altura apresentou o maior valor nutritivo. O consumo de matéria seca foi menor no pasto com 15 cm (1,89% peso vivo - PV) do que nos com 30 cm (2,26% PV) e 45 cm (2,34% PV). O ganho médio diário foi semelhante entre as diferentes alturas de manejo, em média, 730 g por novilho. As taxas de lotação foram menores para os pastos com 45 cm (2,0 UA ha-1) e 30 cm (2,5 UA ha-1) do que para o com 15 cm (3,5 UA ha-1). Houve maior ganho por área no pasto com 15 cm (678 kg ha-1) do que no com 45 cm (324 kg ha-1).