Cryptographic Primitives with Quasigroup Transformations

AMS Subj. Classification: Primary 20N05, Secondary 94A60

A Török Köztársaság az átalakuló Közel-Keleten = The Republic of Turkey in the changing Middle East

A 2011–2012-ben zajlott, „arab tavasznak” nevezett események új korszak kezdetét jelezték a Közel-Keleten, mely a hidegháború vége óta, de különösen a 2003-as iraki háború következtében amúgy is mélyreható átalakulási folyamaton megy keresztül. Ennek során a térség három nem arab állama, Izrael, Irán és Törökország vált a régió hatalmi egyensúlyának meghatározó erőközpontjává, miközben az arab országok – amúgy sem homogén – csoportja a háttérbe szorult. A korábban mértékadó arab államok (Egyiptom, Irak, Szíria) különböző okok miatt elveszítették vonzerejüket a többiek számára, miközben Szaúd-Arábia sem vállalta a vezető szerepét. Az „arab tavasz” során egymástól egyre nyilvánvalóbban független nemzetállammá vált arab országok mind kevesebb kérdésben hajlandók közös álláspontot képviselni a nemzetközi fórumokon. Az átalakuló közel-keleti regionális rendben azonban az államok viszonylagos hatalmi egyensúlyában bekövetkezett változások miatt a térség helyzetét meghatározó szereplők száma megnövekedett, hiszen legalább Egyiptommal és Szaúd-Arábiával ismét mint politikai központtal kell számolni. A jelen tanulmány az e regionális rendben sokak szerint neooszmán hegemón törekvésekkel fellépő Törökország helyét és szerepét vizsgálja.

Overcoming Barriers to Restaurant Food Safety

Food safety is critical to the success of restaurants. Yet current methods of controling foodborne illness are inadequate, including time and temperature control, safe food handling procedures, good employee hygiene, cleaning and sanitizing techniques, and Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) plan. Several barriers to food safety in restaurants are identified and recommendations for management are suggested.

The Beacon, July 1, 2009

Vol. 22, Issue 2, 8 pages

Melt inclusions from volcan de Colima, Mexico: complex examples of magmatic differentiation

Melt inclusions are minute magma bodies trapped within growing crystals. Their chemical compositions are useful in deciphering pre-eruptive conditions and magma evolution. The present study examined melt inclusions trapped in phenocrysts from the 3rd and 4th magmatic cycles (1869-1988) at Volcan de Colima, Mexico. Melt inclusions have highly evolved chemical compositions: 65-77% SiO2, >12% A12O3, 3-6% Na2O and K20 and less than 5.5% Fe and Mg. Major element compositions suggest that they are strongly differentiated magmas controlled by fractionation of plagioclase, opx, cpx and hornblende. Water concentrations were measured to be 2.7-3.5 wt. % in cpx hosted inclusions and 0.3-0.7 wt % in opx and plagioclase. Trace element compositions are anomalously low and inversely correlate with water. From this we deduce that Colima lavas and scorias simultaneously differentiate and degas. Moreover, hornblende rim growth rates constrain the ascent of the Colima magmas to -100 days for passive eruptions and >4 days for plinian eruptions.

Global compilation of benthic data sets I

Approaches to quantify the organic carbon accumulation on a global scale generally do not consider the small-scale variability of sedimentary and oceanographic boundary conditions along continental margins. In this study, we present a new approach to regionalize the total organic carbon (TOC) content in surface sediments (<5 cm sediment depth). It is based on a compilation of more than 5500 single measurements from various sources. Global TOC distribution was determined by the application of a combined qualitative and quantitative-geostatistical method. Overall, 33 benthic TOC-based provinces were defined and used to process the global distribution pattern of the TOC content in surface sediments in a 1°x1° grid resolution. Regional dependencies of data points within each single province are expressed by modeled semi-variograms. Measured and estimated TOC values show good correlation, emphasizing the reasonable applicability of the method. The accumulation of organic carbon in marine surface sediments is a key parameter in the control of mineralization processes and the material exchange between the sediment and the ocean water. Our approach will help to improve global budgets of nutrient and carbon cycles.

Follow-up of the sponge and asteroid populations at the station Larsen A south (PS69/724-1 and PS77/253-1), Antarctic Peninsula, between 2007 and 2011

Over 30% of the Antarctic continental shelf is permanently covered by floating ice shelves, providing aphotic conditions for a depauperate fauna sustained by laterally advected food. In much of the remaining Antarctic shallows (<300 m depth), seasonal sea-ice melting allows a patchy primary production supporting rich megabenthic communities dominated by glass sponges (Porifera, Hexactinellida). The catastrophic collapse of ice shelves due to rapid regional warming along the Antarctic Peninsula in recent decades has exposed over 23,000 km**2 of seafloor to local primary production. The response of the benthos to this unprecedented flux of food is, however, still unknown. In 2007, 12 years after disintegration of the Larsen A ice shelf, a first biological survey interpreted the presence of hexactinellids as remnants of a former under-ice fauna with deep-sea characteristics. Four years later, we revisited the original transect, finding 2- and 3-fold increases in glass sponge biomass and abundance, respectively, after only two favorable growth periods. Our findings, along with other long-term studies, suggest that Antarctic hexactinellids, locked in arrested growth for decades, may undergo boom-and-bust cycles, allowing them to quickly colonize new habitats. The cues triggering growth and reproduction in Antarctic glass sponges remain enigmatic.

Red mangrove juvenile mangroves and mangrove peat soils at the wetland mesocosm facility. Plants were exposed to phosphorus addition and defolitation, mimicing effects of marine storms on coastal mangrove ecosystems.

http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/fce_lter_photos/1334/thumbnail.jpg

Tiempo de estancia prolongado en los pacientes ingresados por insuficiencia cardiaca aguda

Objetivo: Identificar los factores asociados al tiempo de estancia hospitalaria prolongado en pacientes ingresados/as por insuficiencia cardiaca aguda. Método: Estudio observacional de cohorte multipropósito que incluyó pacientes del registro EAHFE (Epidemiology Acute Heart Failure in Emergency) ingresados/as por insuficiencia cardiaca aguda en 25 hospitales españoles. Se recogieron variables demográficas y clínicas, el día y el lugar del ingreso. La variable resultado principal fue el tiempo de estancia hospitalaria mayor que la mediana. Resultados: Se incluyeron 2400 pacientes con una edad media de 79,5 (±9,9) años, de los cuales 1334 (55,6%) eran mujeres. Quinientos noventa (24,6%) ingresaron en la unidad de corta estancia (UCE), 606 (25,2%) en cardiología y 1204 (50,2%) en medicina interna o geriatría. La mediana del tiempo de estancia hospitalaria fue de 7,0 (intervalo intercuartílico: 4-11 días). Cincuenta y ocho (2,4%) pacientes fallecieron y 562 (23,9%) sufrieron un reingreso a los 30 días tras el alta. Los factores independientes asociados a un tiempo de estancia hospitalaria prolongado fueron la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica, ser portador de un dispositivo, tener un factor precipitante desconocido o no común, la presencia en urgencias de insuficiencia renal, hiponatremia y anemia, no ingresar en una UCE o no disponer de dicha unidad e ingresar un lunes, martes o miércoles; y los asociados a un tiempo de estancia hospitalaria ≤7 días fueron la hipertensión arterial y tener como factor precipitante una crisis hipertensiva o la falta de adherencia al tratamiento. El área bajo la curva del modelo mixto ajustado al centro fue de 0,78 (intervalo de confianza del 95%: 0,76-0,80; p <0,001). Conclusiones: Hay una serie de factores asociados con un tiempo de estancia hospitalaria prolongado que deben ser considerados para la gestión del proceso de la insuficiencia cardiaca aguda.

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Relatório de estágio para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Educação Pré-Escolar e Ensino do 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico

O presente relatório de estágio foi elaborado para a obtenção do grau de mestre em Educação Pré-Escolar e Ensino do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico e tem como objetivo expor intervenções pedagógicas desenvolvida em ambas as valências. Primeiramente o relatório abarca um enquadramento teórico e metodológico, onde é feita uma contextualização da escola, relativamente as suas raízes históricas, aborda algumas considerações sobre a criança / aluno no meio escolar e aponta documentos que auxiliam e orientam a prática educativa e pedagógica. Segue-se com o realce da importância de uma gestão curricular de qualidade, que coordene esforços e interesses individuais em concordância com um coletivo, fomentando assim boas relações pedagógicas. É exibido um trajeto com opções e estratégias inerentes à intervenção, recorrido a metodologia de investigação-ação. No desfecho do relatório é descrito o processo decorrido nos contextos de estágio, onde foi dinamizado propostas que orientaram uma pedagogia educacional diferenciada e aprendizagens significativas.