Desenvolvimento e avaliação de equipamentos e metodologia para determinação de parâmetros físicos do solo relacionados a dias trabalháveis com máquinas agrícolas

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

Avaliação de sistemas para a aplicação de inseticidas para controle de Aedes aegypti (l.) (Diptera: Culicidae)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Análise experimental sobre velocidade de captura em sistemas de transporte pneumático

A velocidade de transporte é um dos mais importantes parâmetros no transporte pneumático de sólidos. O êxito no transporte de materiais particulados depende da predição ou da determinação da velocidade mínima de transporte. Uma velocidade acima daquela necessária ao transporte estável das partículas sólidas conduz a um grande consumo de energia devido ao aumento na perda de pressão do sistema, degradação dos sólidos e abrasão dos sólidos e da tubulação. Já uma velocidade abaixo desse valor limite certamente resultará na deposição das partículas sólidas para o fundo da tubulação e conseqüentemente o entupimento desta. Neste trabalho, uma técnica para medir a velocidade mínima de captura de partículas sólidas em uma tubulação na direção horizontal em um sistema de Transporte Pneumático é desenvolvida. Ela baseia-se em observações visuais do comportamento das partículas ao ocorrer a captura, em medidas da velocidade de operação do gás e da massa das partículas capturadas. É realizada ainda a análise qualitativa de alguns parâmetros que influenciam na velocidade de captura das partículas, permitindo uma maior compreensão dos fenômenos envolvidos.

Efeitos da granulometria, do desgaste e do tipo de material abrasivo no lixamento plano de madeiras

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

Qualidade da pulverização em volume reduzido para o controle do bicho-mineiro Leucoptera coffeella (Guérin-Mèneville & Perrottet, 1842) (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae)

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Entomologia Agrícola) - FCAV

Qualidade da semeadura direta de milho com dois mecanismos de pressão no disco sulcador sob duas velocidades

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Mechanical nociceptive thresholds using four probe configurations in horses

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Sistema de geração e armazenamento de energia elétrica utilizando transdutor piezelétrico na forma pulsada

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Produção de lacases pelo fungo filamentoso de origem marinha Peniophora sp. CBMAI 1063 em biorreator de bancada

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Prevulcanização do látex natural extraído da hancornia speciosa gomes (Mangabeira) e da hevea brasiliensis (seringueira)

Pós-graduação em Ciência dos Materiais - FEIS

Equipamentos de pulverização associados a volumes de calda e avaliados por alvos artificiais em cafeeiro

The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of spray droplet spectrum on coffee tree, by using different equipments and syrup volumes. The experiment was set up in a coffee farm, Acaiá variety, Campos Gerais city, MG, Brazil. The treatments were three syrup volumes (150, 300 and 600 L/ha). The lower volume was sprayed with the pneumatic sprayer Martignani, Whirlwind B612 Autonom-Trac mode, and the other volume rates using the conventional hydraulic sprayer to coffee tree. It was possible concludes that the spray volume can be reduced in applications on coffee tree using the pneumatic sprayer.

The influence of tourniquet use and operative time on the incidence of deep vein thrombosis in total knee arthroplasty

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between tourniquet and total operative time during total knee arthroplasty and the occurrence of deep vein thrombosis. METHODS: Seventy-eight consecutive patients from our institution underwent cemented total knee arthroplasty for degenerative knee disorders. The pneumatic tourniquet time and total operative time were recorded in minutes. Four categories were established for total tourniquet time: <60, 61 to 90, 91 to 120, and >120 minutes. Three categories were defined for operative time: <120, 121 to 150, and >150 minutes. Between 7 and 12 days after surgery, the patients underwent ascending venography to evaluate the presence of distal or proximal deep vein thrombosis. We evaluated the association between the tourniquet time and total operative time and the occurrence of deep vein thrombosis after total knee arthroplasty. RESULTS: In total, 33 cases (42.3%) were positive for deep vein thrombosis; 13 (16.7%) cases involved the proximal type. We found no statistically significant difference in tourniquet time or operative time between patients with or without deep vein thrombosis. We did observe a higher frequency of proximal deep vein thrombosis in patients who underwent surgery lasting longer than 120 minutes. The mean total operative time was also higher in patients with proximal deep vein thrombosis. The tourniquet time did not significantly differ in these patients. CONCLUSION: We concluded that surgery lasting longer than 120 minutes increases the risk of proximal deep vein thrombosis.

Compressão pneumática intermitente na prevenção de trombose venosa profunda em pacientes cirúrgicos: revisão sistemática e metanálise

Introdução: Trombose Venosa Profunda (TVP) é o resultado de inúmeros fatores, incluindo estase venosa, injuria endotelial e hipercoagulação do sangue. O embolismo pulmonar é a maior complicação da TVP e ocorre quando um trombo ou um coágulo sangüíneo desloca-se em direção aos pulmões. O tromboembolismo é um sério problema de saúde e é responsável por um considerável número de mortes súbitas e por significantes custos de hospitalizações em todo o mundo. Entre os métodos profiláticos usados na prevenção da TVP, há os classificados como mecânicos e os farmacológicos. Ambos são efetivos e podem ser usados sempre que necessário, tendo sido recomendados por consenso internacional. Objetivos: Avaliar a incidência da TVP em pacientes cirúrgicos através da Compressão pneumática Intermitente CPI (coxa/perna ou perna/pé) contra nenhuma forma de profilaxia ou contra fármacos. Métodos: Revisão sistemática de ensaios clínicos randomizados, utilizando a metodologia Cochrane, através de buscas eletrônica e manual. Foram incluídos pacientes cirúrgicos, de ambos os sexos, cuja intervenção foi o uso de aparelhos de compressão pneumática intermitente. Resultados: 4269 pacientes cirúrgicos investigados por 31 ensaios submetidos a um número de intervenções cirúrgicas, incluindo cirurgia ortopédica (joelho e quadris), geral, ginecológica, urológica e neurológica. Dados combinados demonstraram efeitos de tratamento virtualmente iguais entre CPI e abordagens farmacológicas [0.95 (95%CI 0.82, 1.10)], em relação à incidência de TVP. Entretanto, o risco de hemorragia foi maior e estatisticamente significante em pacientes tratados com intervenções farmacológicas [0.37(95%CI 0.20, 0.69)]. Conclusão: Comparações entre as estratégias farmacológicas e mecânicas indicam que ambas são similares na prevenção de trombose venosa profunda. Entretantio, a evidência atual suportaria a escolha das abordagens mecâncias, uma vez que o risco de eventos hemorrágicos favorece os métodos mecânicos.

Design of alternative energy storage systems for hybrid vehicles based on statistical processing of driving cycles information

Hybrid vehicles represent the future for automakers, since they allow to improve the fuel economy and to reduce the pollutant emissions. A key component of the hybrid powertrain is the Energy Storage System, that determines the ability of the vehicle to store and reuse energy. Though electrified Energy Storage Systems (ESS), based on batteries and ultracapacitors, are a proven technology, Alternative Energy Storage Systems (AESS), based on mechanical, hydraulic and pneumatic devices, are gaining interest because they give the possibility of realizing low-cost mild-hybrid vehicles. Currently, most literature of design methodologies focuses on electric ESS, which are not suitable for AESS design. In this contest, The Ohio State University has developed an Alternative Energy Storage System design methodology. This work focuses on the development of driving cycle analysis methodology that is a key component of Alternative Energy Storage System design procedure. The proposed methodology is based on a statistical approach to analyzing driving schedules that represent the vehicle typical use. Driving data are broken up into power events sequence, namely traction and braking events, and for each of them, energy-related and dynamic metrics are calculated. By means of a clustering process and statistical synthesis methods, statistically-relevant metrics are determined. These metrics define cycle representative braking events. By using these events as inputs for the Alternative Energy Storage System design methodology, different system designs are obtained. Each of them is characterized by attributes, namely system volume and weight. In the last part the work, the designs are evaluated in simulation by introducing and calculating a metric related to the energy conversion efficiency. Finally, the designs are compared accounting for attributes and efficiency values. In order to automate the driving data extraction and synthesis process, a specific script Matlab based has been developed. Results show that the driving cycle analysis methodology, based on the statistical approach, allows to extract and synthesize cycle representative data. The designs based on cycle statistically-relevant metrics are properly sized and have satisfying efficiency values with respect to the expectations. An exception is the design based on the cycle worst-case scenario, corresponding to same approach adopted by the conventional electric ESS design methodologies. In this case, a heavy system with poor efficiency is produced. The proposed new methodology seems to be a valid and consistent support for Alternative Energy Storage System design.

Comparative Analysis of Alternative Hybrid Systems for Automotive Applications

The main objective of this work was to investigate the impact of different hybridization concepts and levels of hybridization on fuel economy of a standard road vehicle where both conventional and non-conventional hybrid architectures are treated exactly in the same way from the point of view of overall energy flow optimization. Hybrid component models were developed and presented in detail as well as the simulations results mainly for NEDC cycle. The analysis was performed on four different parallel hybrid powertrain concepts: Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV), High Speed Flywheel Hybrid Vehicle (HSF-HV), Hydraulic Hybrid Vehicle (HHV) and Pneumatic Hybrid Vehicle (PHV). In order to perform equitable analysis of different hybrid systems, comparison was performed also on the basis of the same usable system energy storage capacity (i.e. 625kJ for HEV, HSF and the HHV) but in the case of pneumatic hybrid systems maximal storage capacity was limited by the size of the systems in order to comply with the packaging requirements of the vehicle. The simulations were performed within the IAV Gmbh - VeLoDyn software simulator based on Matlab / Simulink software package. Advanced cycle independent control strategy (ECMS) was implemented into the hybrid supervisory control unit in order to solve power management problem for all hybrid powertrain solutions. In order to maintain State of Charge within desired boundaries during different cycles and to facilitate easy implementation and recalibration of the control strategy for very different hybrid systems, Charge Sustaining Algorithm was added into the ECMS framework. Also, a Variable Shift Pattern VSP-ECMS algorithm was proposed as an extension of ECMS capabilities so as to include gear selection into the determination of minimal (energy) cost function of the hybrid system. Further, cycle-based energetic analysis was performed in all the simulated cases, and the results have been reported in the corresponding chapters.