1000 resultados para madeira para geração de energia
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Due to concerns about rational use of energy, several alternative technologies of power generation appeared, including the conversion of solar energy into electrical energy by photovoltaic panels. In low-income households, the refrigerator represents considerable impact on the electric bill, since it requires constant power given its use in food preservation. It is possible to reduce this share, with the use of an alternative energy source. This work presents a timed switching electronic system, which allows commercial equipment that is not affected by short interruptions in the power supply to use a photovoltaic panel as a source of alternative energy, which usually do not provide energy continuously. Switching is made automatically in case of low incidence of sunlight, and without any form of energy storage. Between each switching, there is a dead time without power supply, therefore preventing the use of synchronizers circuits between the photovoltaic panel and the public power grid. A circuit containing a 80C31 microcontroller is used to control the system’s switching. The photovoltaic panel’s voltage inverter is in H bridge configuration, and is also controlled by the microcontroller through Pulse Width Modulation, which makes use of preprogrammed tables to generate the control signals of the power transistors. Through the use of software simulations, the proposed system was tested, which is capable of supplying intermittent single-phase loads. The simulations indicates that the project developed in this paper can be assembled into a prototype and be tested under real operating conditions, as long as the scaling of components, the characteristics of the photovoltaic panel to be used, and the project involved load are taken into account
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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo) - FCAV
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Pós-graduação em Engenharia Civil - FEIS
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Pós-graduação em Geografia - FCT
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Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG
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Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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A principal preocupação relacionada à produção de resíduos tem sido o manejo e a gestão integrada, procedimentos que passaram a fazer parte das políticas de gestão com o objetivo de evitar problemas irreversíveis ao meio ambiente e aos seres humanos. Neste trabalho estuda-se a possibilidade da incineração dos Resíduos Sólidos Urbanos (RSU) como solução para o problema relacionado com a destinação dos resíduos gerados na Região de Bauru. Estimar os custos de capital e a viabilidade econômica para o projeto de incineradores de larga escala é uma tarefa prioritária para auxiliar o processo de tomada de decisão. Este trabalho revê a situação dos resíduos sólidos na região de Bauru e realiza revisão dos processos empregados e existentes no tratamento dos RSU com o objetivo de analisar a viabilidade da implantação de uma usina de incineração com geração de energia elétrica para o tratamento dos resíduos sólidos coletados na Região de Bauru. O estudo apresenta um retorno interessante ao passo que as simulações apresentam indicadores favoráveis a sua implantação.
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O estudo de métodos de previsão de demandas é um conceito bastante popular, mas nem sempre seus resultados são facilmente aplicáveis nas organizações por várias limitações. O propósito deste artigo é apresentar um método simples e descritivo para a previsão de demanda para peças de reposição de alto giro e comparar os resultados com o modelo de suavização exponencial. Foi utilizado para isto, dados reais de consumo de uma empresa de geração de energia em dois anos com a mesma condição de contorno, e estabeleceu-se o ano de 2012 com a série de aplicação dos métodos e a série de 2013 com a série de validação dos resultados e em todas as amostras tomadas observou-se um menor erro quadrático RMSE, a favor do método descritivo simplificado. Todas as quatro séries analisadas se caracterizam pela alta dispersão dos dados, e não possuem tendências e sazonalidades.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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The present work focuses on addressing the financing made by BNDES to sucroalcooleiras plants located in the State of São Paulo in Brazil. The study points out the Bank loans at São Paulo due to accumulation of plants technical objects that BNDES loans provide the State, with the installation of new equipment, machinery and services in canavieiros enterprises for electric power generation. Sucroalcooleiras plants are getting financing from BNDES to expand and diversify power generation in the country, mainly in São Paulo, because residential and industrial consumption of electricity grows annually. The offer of new financing to sucroalcooleiras plants for energy production Sao Paulo electric provides continued technical density in São Paulo and the expansion of regional inequality in the country. Therefore, the present study highlights for the period 2008 to 2013 the BNDES financing for are sucroalcooleiras plants in order to highlight the consolidation of technical objects in the State and show that the funding will help in the expansion of regional disparity
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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The industry of sugar cane has become an important contributor to the generation of electricity in Brazil. Currently there are 434 sugar and ethanol plants operating in the country, 23% of the total export electricity to the National Integrated System (SIN), the state of São Paulo has 182 plants and 30% of them export energy to the SIN. The objective of this study is to compare parameters of electrical efficiency in the sugar and alcohol industry. For the study, three plants localized in the midwest region of Sao Paulo state with great potential for production and exporting bioenergy were chosen. Five energy analyzers LANDYS + GYR SAGA were used for measure the electrical parameters. The variables studied were energy consumption (C) and power factor (PF). For the statistical analysis it was adopteda randomized block design in a factorial 3 5composed of three companies and five sectors of energy consumption,in which: reception(1), milling (2), boiler (3), supporting activities / juice treatment (4), and distillation (5), totaling 15 treatments. Each group comprised 192 repetitions (48 hours 4 measurements per hour). It was concluded that there is no interest for the plans to fix the FP and reach a value 0.92, which is considered the ideal power factor.This,because the plants generate their own energy and are not penalized. Regarding the energy consumed, all sectors had significant differences. When comparingsector to sector, the plant called USB showed no significant differences in sectors 1 and 3, and the plant USC, in sectors 1 and 4. Considering the production units of this sector and selling power this type of evaluation is essential to perform this analysis, since the analyzed sectors are most important in the production of sugar and ethanol, and analyze and monitor these parameters, use and consumption energy can provide a greater supply of energy to be commercialized.
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In the wake of current global image involving environmental impacts, the use of wind power has had a remarkable growth in recent years as a technique for generating electricity. In fact, it is a source featuring strong dissemination of technology which provides decrease in costs and a greater access to low-income electricity. PROINFA (Incentive Program for Alternative Energy Sources) promotes a greater diffusion of new technologies for power generation, in particular wind-produced. Due to such a scenario on the exploitation of such energy source, current analysis discusses strategies for the development of domestic wind technology and the implications for electricity-lacking rural areas. Analysis shows a similar behavior between rural populations lacking electricity and the amount of potential energy available in the region. It is expected that this assay will contribute towards the establishment of public policies for wind-energy parks on rural farms in the North and Northeast regions of Brazil.
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Os países e regiões precisam de energia elétrica para se desenvolver. Por isso é necessário buscar fontes limpas de energia que não causem grande impacto ao meio ambiente, principalmente à água que é fundamental a vida na terra. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo expor a possibilidade de aumentar a diversificação da geração de energia hidrelétrica e foi realizado por meio de levantamentos bibliográficos e acesso de agências ligadas ao governo. Assim demonstrou as vantagens que as Pequenas Centrais Hidrelétricas trazem para a composição da matriz energética.