Intra-relations of African canaries, genus Serinus [by] Austin L. Rand.

v.51:no.9(1968)

Tratamento da osteomielite por assepsia integral e penicilina intra-arterial: sutura primitiva e secundária da ferida

Os AA. apresentam dois casos de Osteomilite crônica submetidos durante anos a diversos tratamentos, sem resultado. Pela associação da assepsia integral com a Penicilina intra-arterial (via ainda não usada), conseguiram a cura após sutura primitiva num caso e secundária no outro. Por serem fátos excepcionais acham que devem ficar registrado.

Resultados comparativos das reações intra-dermicas com antígenos de bacilos ácido-alcool-resistentes (Leprolinas "Souza-Araújo") e emulsão de lepromas (Lepromina): (Primeira Nota)

Em 20 portadores de Lepra, internados na Colônia de São Roque, Paraná, 13 dos quais eram da forma lepromatosa e os 7 restantes da forma nervosa pura ou tuberculoide, o autor estudou a reação intradérmica de antigenos bacilares (Leprolinas Souza-Araujo 1, 1a, 3, 5, 5a), comparativamente com as reações produzidas, ao mesmo tempo, com antígeno lepromatoso (Emulsão de lepromas, lepromina). Observou o seguinte: 1.° - Que a lepromina, comportou-se como habitualmente, isto é, negativa nos lepromatosos e ositiva nos nervosos e tuberculoides e sempre mais intensa ao fim da quarta semana. 2.° - Que as leprolinas provocam reações, que o autor não conclui serem positivas ou negativas no sentido imunológico da expressão em virtude de estar estudando-as neste sentido, nos leprotomatosos e tuberculoides, mas, sempre mais intensas entre a 1.ª e 2.ª semanas, diminuindo de intensidade na 3.ª e desaparecendo ou quase desaparecendo ao fim da quarta semana: nódulos, nódulos-eritema, ulcerações. 3.° - Que nestas reações houve destruição de tecidos, pois a presença tardia de cicatrizes, mesmo quando não houve ulceração, mostra êste fato. 4.° - Que as inoculações das lepromina, não trouxeram nenhum inconveniente a saúde dos paciente; embora um deles tenha apresentado nos primeiros dias leve reação geral; outro, intensa fusão de suas lesões nodulars de lepra e, dois outros, a chamada Reação leprótica.

Contribuição à terapêutica do mal perfurante plantar: tratamento pela leprolina "Souza-Araujo" em injeções intra-ulcerosas

The writer, as medical director of Father Damien Leper Colony (Ubá, Minas Gerais, Brasil), treated 50 cases of perforating ulcers, from 2 to 40 years of duration, using the antigens prepared with acid-fast bacilli cultures obtained from leprous material by Dr. H. C. de Souza-Araujo. Dosage from 0,12 to 39,35 cm3, injected inside the ulcers, intramuscularly, every 2 to 4 days, accordingly to the patient reaction some of them presenting fever until 41° Centigrade. The result was cicatrization of the ulcers in 92% (46 out of 50) of the patients. The author concluded that the majority of his patients tolerate perfectly the medicine and that its efect was very eficient.

A maximal domain of preferences for tops-only rules in the division problem

The division problem consists of allocating an amount M of a perfectly divisible good among a group of n agents. Sprumont (1991) showed that if agents have single-peaked preferences over their shares, the uniform rule is the unique strategy-proof, efficient, and anonymous rule. Ching and Serizawa (1998) extended this result by showing that the set of single-plateaued preferences is the largest domain, for all possible values of M, admitting a rule (the extended uniform rule) satisfying strategy-proofness, efficiency and symmetry. We identify, for each M and n, a maximal domain of preferences under which the extended uniform rule also satisfies the properties of strategy-proofness, efficiency, continuity, and "tops-onlyness". These domains (called weakly single-plateaued) are strictly larger than the set of single-plateaued preferences. However, their intersection, when M varies from zero to infinity, coincides with the set of single-plateaued preferences.

The spatial effect of intra-metropolitan agglomeration economies

This study deals with the role of spatial accessibility to agglomeration economies in the change in spatial structure of industrial employment for the case of the Barcelona Metropolitan Region of Barcelona (BMR). Using the growth in gross density of municipal employment between 1986 and 1996 for seven manufacturing industries as an indicator of changes in the spatial structure of employment, an exploration is made of the spatial impact of agglomeration economies operating on a local scale the municipality and three areas 5, 8 and 12 kilometres away surrounding the municipality itself - , agglomeration economies emerging from CBD and the main specialised subcentres in the region, and the network economies associated with the total jobs in the region, access to which depends on the distance from the main transport infrastructures

Sobre a variação intra-específica em Triatoma dimidiata (Latreille) e Triatoma infestans (Klug) (Hemiptera, Reduviidae)

A observação de oito exemplares de Triatoma dimidiata (Latreille, 1811) de procedência diversas, com vistas a procurar caracterizar as estruturas da genitália externa dos machos (processo do endosoma, suporte do falosoma, falosoma e visica) levou-nos a constatar a mesma variabilidade que a espécie demonstra em relação aos seus caracteres externos de colorido e relações da cabeça e do rosto. Por associação de idéias, ampliamos um estudo anterior sobre a genitália masculina de Triatoma infestans (Klug, 1834), também espécie de larga distribuição geográfica, porém com caracteres externos estáveis. Encontramos assim mesmo, embora em percentagem pequena, que os espinhos do processo do endosoma, habitualmente em número reduzido, podiam não existir. Desta espécie observamos quinze exemplares, de procedências diversas.

Inter-group conflict and intra-group punishment in an experimental contest game

We study how conflict in a contest game is influenced by rival parties being groups and by group members being able to punish each other. Our main motivation stems from the analysis of socio-political conflict. The relevant theoretical prediction in our setting is that conflict expenditures are independent of group size and independent of whether punishment is available or not. We find, first, that our results contradict the independence of group-size prediction: conflict expenditures of groups are substantially larger than those of individuals, and both are substantially above equilibrium. Towards the end of the experiment material losses in groups are 257% of the predicted level. There is, however, substantial heterogeneity in the investment behaviour of individual group members. Second, allowing group members to punish each other after individual contributions to the contest effort are revealed leads to even larger conflict expenditures. Now material losses are 869% of the equilibrium level and there is much less heterogeneity in individual group members' investments. These results contrast strongly with those from public goods experiments where punishment enhances efficiency and leads to higher material payoffs.

The occurrence of intra-operative hypotension varies between hospitals: observational analysis of more than 147,000 anaesthesia.

BACKGROUND: Hypotension, a common intra-operative incident, bears an important potential for morbidity. It is most often manageable and sometimes preventable, which renders its study important. Therefore, we aimed at examining hospital variations in the occurrence of intra-operative hypotension and its predictors. As secondary endpoints, we determined to what extent hypotension relates to the risk of post-operative incidents and death. METHODS: We used the Anaesthesia Databank Switzerland, built on routinely and prospectively collected data on all anaesthesias in 21 hospitals. The three outcomes were assessed using multi-level logistic regression models. RESULTS: Among 147,573 anaesthesias, hypotension ranged from 0.6% to 5.2% in participating hospitals, and from 0.3% up to 12% in different surgical specialties. Most (73.4%) were minor single events. Age, ASA status, combined general and regional anaesthesia techniques, duration of surgery and hospitalization were significantly associated with hypotension. Although significantly associated, the emergency status of the surgery had a weaker effect. Hospitals' odds ratios for hypotension varied between 0.12 and 2.50 (P < or = 0.001), even after adjusting for patient and anaesthesia factors, and for type of surgery. At least one post-operative incident occurred in 9.7% of the procedures, including 0.03% deaths. Intra-operative hypotension was associated with a higher risk of post-operative incidents and death. CONCLUSION: Wide variations remain in the occurrence of hypotension among hospitals after adjustment for risk factors. Although differential reporting from hospitals may exist, variations in anaesthesia techniques and blood pressure maintenance may also have contributed. Intra-operative hypotension is associated with morbidities and sometimes death, and constant vigilance must thus be advocated.

The role of thymic accessory cells in cytokine production and in the intra-thymic T cell differentiation pathway

Intrathymic T lymphocyte differentiation proceeds from complex interactions between prothymocytes of bone marrow origin and cells of the thymic stroma, epithelial cells and "acessory" cells (macrophages and/or interdigitating cells). The present paper describes the role of the accessoty cell compartment in this intrathymic process. Acessory cells produce factors which are involved in thymocyte proliferation (interleukin 1, prostaglandins, deoxynucleosides). Cell-cell interaction between "accessory" cells and thymocytes is required for the regulation of interleukin production. Prothymocytes, the precursors of all thymocyte subsets, need the accessory cell compartment for their IL2 dependent proliferation and their differentiation. Accessory cells of the thymic stroma may be involved in the intrathymic selection process at the prothymocyte level.

A glycine-arginine domain in control of the human MRE11 DNA repair protein.

Human MRE11 is a key enzyme in DNA double-strand break repair and genome stability. Human MRE11 bears a glycine-arginine-rich (GAR) motif that is conserved among multicellular eukaryotic species. We investigated how this motif influences MRE11 function. Human MRE11 alone or a complex of MRE11, RAD50, and NBS1 (MRN) was methylated in insect cells, suggesting that this modification is conserved during evolution. We demonstrate that PRMT1 interacts with MRE11 but not with the MRN complex, suggesting that MRE11 arginine methylation occurs prior to the binding of NBS1 and RAD50. Moreover, the first six methylated arginines are essential for the regulation of MRE11 DNA binding and nuclease activity. The inhibition of arginine methylation leads to a reduction in MRE11 and RAD51 focus formation on a unique double-strand break in vivo. Furthermore, the MRE11-methylated GAR domain is sufficient for its targeting to DNA damage foci and colocalization with gamma-H2AX. These studies highlight an important role for the GAR domain in regulating MRE11 function at the biochemical and cellular levels during DNA double-strand break repair.