Subjetividade e complexidade em design: um mapeamento acerca do design de relações

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Design, projeto e produto: o desenvolvimento de móveis nas indústrias do Pólo Moveleiro de Arapongas, PR

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Espaço e identidade visual: uma investigação sobre soluções de design para empresas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Design de produtos virtuais e transdisciplinaridade: cibercepção e construção de objetos em Second Life : um estudo acerca do design de relações

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Estratégia de decomposição aplicada ao problema de planejamento da expansão de sistemas de distribuição

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Design ergonômico: diretrizes para projetos habitacionais geriátricos

Pós-graduação em Design - FAAC

Dynamics of soil exploration by fine roots down to a depth of 10 m throughout the entire rotation in Eucalyptus grandis plantations

Although highly weathered soils cover considerable areas in tropical regions, little is known about exploration by roots in deep soil layers. Intensively managed Eucalyptus plantations are simple forest ecosystems that can provide an insight into the belowground growth strategy of fast-growing tropical trees. Fast exploration of deep soil layers by eucalypt fine roots may contribute to achieving a gross primary production that is among the highest in the world for forests. Soil exploration by fine roots down to a depth of 10 m was studied throughout the complete cycle in Eucalyptus grandis plantations managed in short rotation. Intersects of fine roots, less than 1 mm in diameter, and medium-sized roots, 1-3 mm in diameter, were counted on trench walls in a chronosequence of 1-, 2-, 3.5-, and 6-year-old plantations on a sandy soil, as well as in an adjacent 6-year-old stand growing in a clayey soil. Two soil profiles were studied down to a depth of 10 m in each stand (down to 6 m at ages 1 and 2 years) and 4 soil profiles down to 1.5-3.0 m deep. The root intersects were counted on 224 m(2) of trench walls in 15 pits. Monitoring the soil water content showed that, after clear cutting, almost all the available water stored down to a depth of 7 m was taken up by tree roots within 1.1 year of planting. The soil space was explored intensively by fine roots down to a depth of 3 m from 1 year after planting, with an increase in anisotropy in the upper layers throughout the rotation. About 60% of fine root intersects were found at a depth of more than 1 m, irrespective of stand age. The root distribution was isotropic in deep soil layers and kriged maps showed fine root clumping. A considerable volume of soil was explored by fine roots in eucalypt plantations on deep tropical soils, which might prevent water and nutrient losses by deep drainage after canopy closure and contribute to maximizing resource uses.

O design e o produto: parâmetros projetuais para o planejamento de jogos geométricos pré-escolares

Educational games are responsible for part of the information assimilated by the child, because these games respect the individual learning time, enabling experimentation and, consequently, being an accessory to retain the acquired knowledge spontaneously. However, the analogy between stimulus and reception/result is not always the expected. On the one hand, there are the pedagogues, bearing the knowledge necessary to the children’s development. On the other hand, are the children, who cannot completely assimilate the concept, commonly because of lack of planning on the product. After all, the children become not interested in the game, without developing the expected cognitive abilities planned for the product. Whereas the importance of the games on children’s development, this work aimed to analyze and select educational games presented on the preschool, based on the language exploration from the Design’s knowledge and skills. Specifically, the research intends to investigate games targeted to stimulate geometric concepts, and so, to describe parameters that must be observed during the product planning.

Design de Relações entre tecnologias amigáveis e sociabilidades virtuais: um novo campo de investigação para o Design

The Digital Age, with its new interactive and converging technologies, stimulates original forms of sociability, which are interconnected, intercommunicating and virtualized through hyperscreens. Another kind of interaction arises from the digitization and new speeds of contemporary communicative process. With the new order of knowledge, it is now possible to transgress the limits of physical space and linear time sequence, through the collective development of content through such telematics networks. Youth gives voice to a new type of user, or a social actor, whose thinking is connected to other communication habits, consolidating singular cultural standards, demanding new languages and skills. Here, we address the nature of this Design of new relations, interactions, behaviors and social systems that emerge in the so called Information Society.

Design e semântica: investigação de técnicas estatísticas para auxílio no projeto de produto

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Design do vestuário infantil: as texturas como experiência tátil para crianças deficientes visuais

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

A multiprojeção de ambientes virtuais gerados por motores de jogo: o histórico e o design de uma solução genérica aplicado no motor de jogo Unity

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Efficient Forest Data Structure for Evolutionary Algorithms Applied to Network Design

The design of a network is a solution to several engineering and science problems. Several network design problems are known to be NP-hard, and population-based metaheuristics like evolutionary algorithms (EAs) have been largely investigated for such problems. Such optimization methods simultaneously generate a large number of potential solutions to investigate the search space in breadth and, consequently, to avoid local optima. Obtaining a potential solution usually involves the construction and maintenance of several spanning trees, or more generally, spanning forests. To efficiently explore the search space, special data structures have been developed to provide operations that manipulate a set of spanning trees (population). For a tree with n nodes, the most efficient data structures available in the literature require time O(n) to generate a new spanning tree that modifies an existing one and to store the new solution. We propose a new data structure, called node-depth-degree representation (NDDR), and we demonstrate that using this encoding, generating a new spanning forest requires average time O(root n). Experiments with an EA based on NDDR applied to large-scale instances of the degree-constrained minimum spanning tree problem have shown that the implementation adds small constants and lower order terms to the theoretical bound.

Collaborative fuzzy clustering algorithms: some refinements and design guidelines

There are some variants of the widely used Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) algorithm that support clustering data distributed across different sites. Those methods have been studied under different names, like collaborative and parallel fuzzy clustering. In this study, we offer some augmentation of the two FCM-based clustering algorithms used to cluster distributed data by arriving at some constructive ways of determining essential parameters of the algorithms (including the number of clusters) and forming a set of systematically structured guidelines such as a selection of the specific algorithm depending on the nature of the data environment and the assumptions being made about the number of clusters. A thorough complexity analysis, including space, time, and communication aspects, is reported. A series of detailed numeric experiments is used to illustrate the main ideas discussed in the study.

Identifying regulational alterations in gene regulatory networks by state space representation of vector autoregressive models and variational annealing

Background: In the analysis of effects by cell treatment such as drug dosing, identifying changes on gene network structures between normal and treated cells is a key task. A possible way for identifying the changes is to compare structures of networks estimated from data on normal and treated cells separately. However, this approach usually fails to estimate accurate gene networks due to the limited length of time series data and measurement noise. Thus, approaches that identify changes on regulations by using time series data on both conditions in an efficient manner are demanded. Methods: We propose a new statistical approach that is based on the state space representation of the vector autoregressive model and estimates gene networks on two different conditions in order to identify changes on regulations between the conditions. In the mathematical model of our approach, hidden binary variables are newly introduced to indicate the presence of regulations on each condition. The use of the hidden binary variables enables an efficient data usage; data on both conditions are used for commonly existing regulations, while for condition specific regulations corresponding data are only applied. Also, the similarity of networks on two conditions is automatically considered from the design of the potential function for the hidden binary variables. For the estimation of the hidden binary variables, we derive a new variational annealing method that searches the configuration of the binary variables maximizing the marginal likelihood. Results: For the performance evaluation, we use time series data from two topologically similar synthetic networks, and confirm that our proposed approach estimates commonly existing regulations as well as changes on regulations with higher coverage and precision than other existing approaches in almost all the experimental settings. For a real data application, our proposed approach is applied to time series data from normal Human lung cells and Human lung cells treated by stimulating EGF-receptors and dosing an anticancer drug termed Gefitinib. In the treated lung cells, a cancer cell condition is simulated by the stimulation of EGF-receptors, but the effect would be counteracted due to the selective inhibition of EGF-receptors by Gefitinib. However, gene expression profiles are actually different between the conditions, and the genes related to the identified changes are considered as possible off-targets of Gefitinib. Conclusions: From the synthetically generated time series data, our proposed approach can identify changes on regulations more accurately than existing methods. By applying the proposed approach to the time series data on normal and treated Human lung cells, candidates of off-target genes of Gefitinib are found. According to the published clinical information, one of the genes can be related to a factor of interstitial pneumonia, which is known as a side effect of Gefitinib.