Les pintures rupestres prehistòriques del Zemmur (Sahara Occidental)

El treball de tesi ha tingut per objectiu estudiar les pintures rupestres del Zemmur, al Sahara Occidental. El Zemmur és una regió muntanyosa molt rica en abrics, que s'obren a les cingleres dels seus turons de gres baixos, aplanats i allargassats. Aquestes pintures foren descobertes al 1995, quan el personal del ministeri de Cultura de la República Àrab Sahrauí i Democràtica les va mostrar a un equip d'arqueòlegs i antropòlegs de la Universitat de Girona. Les campanyes d'estudi continuades que s'han realitzat en aquests jaciments de pintura rupestre prehistòrica des d'aleshores han proporcionat les dades per aquesta investigació. En total es tracta d'un conjunt de 2734 figures repartides en 130 abrics de 5 jaciments diferents: Uad Ymal, Uadi Kenta, Rekeiz Ajahfun, Rekeiz Lemgasem i Asako. Les hipòtesis a contrastar eren dues. La primera que al Zemmur hi havia diversos estils de pintura rupestre. La segona que la majoria d'aquests estils dataven de la prehistòria. Ambdues han pogut ser verificades i s'han aportat arguments que demostren que eren certes. El treball de tesi ha consistit en fotografiar les pintures, digitalitzar-les, reproduir-les i estudiar-les. Concretament l'estudi ha consistit en descriure-les, classificar-les estilísticament i datar-les. La classificació s'ha realitzat a partir d'una sèrie de criteris morfològics i tècnics. Posteriorment les imatges han estat atribuïdes a diversos estils, que també havien estat definits amb criteris morfotècnics a partir de l'observació de les imatges. La seva existència, i per tant la verificació de la primera hipòtesi, es dedueix de la presència de recurrències morfotècniques en les representacions. Més tard aquests estils han estat ordenats de manera relativa tot estudiant les seves superposicions. La seqüència dels cinc estils identificats, de més antic a més recent és: Balladors, Modelats, Tracejats, Figures Fosques i Linial. Posteriorment s'ha intentat datar cadascun dels estils a partir de les representacions ja que les anàlisis efectuades indicaren que no era possible datar les imatges per tècniques radiomètriques a causa de la manca de matèria orgànica en les pintures. En qualsevol cas, gràcies a les representacions d'armes, d'animals i els textos escrits hem pogut verificar que la majoria d'elles són prehistòriques, tal com apuntàvem en la nostra segona hipòtesi. Finalment s'ha arribat a la conclusió que l'estil dels Balladors data, de manera molt aproximada, d'ara fa entre 3800 i 3200 anys tal com indiquen les representacions d'alabardes. L'estil Linial, el més recent, data d'entre ara fa 2400 i 2000 anys perquè és acompanyat de textos líbico-berbers però no de representacions de camells. Els estils Modelat, Tracejat i Figures Fosques es daten entremig. A part de les conclusions obtingudes, un dels resultats més importants d'aquest treball ha estat la realització del corpus de pintura prehistòrica del Zemmur que consta, com ja hem dit, de milers d'imatges. Per tant aquesta recerca, a més de tractar sobre un material inèdit i d'un gran interès històric, hauria d'ésser útil per a la gestió de tot aquest patrimoni.

El disciplinamiento del cuerpo y el movimiento y la producción de subjetividad en la danza profesional de la ciudad de Quito. Prácticas 2013 – 2014

El tema central de esta investigación se refiere a aquellas praxis corporales disciplinares extracotidianas a través de las cuales se forman bailarines profesionales y su incidencia en la construcción de subjetividad de los mismos. El objetivo del presente estudio, realizado en la ciudad de Quito, es dilucidar los alcances e imbricaciones del disciplinamiento dancístico en la corporalidad y subjetividad de los profesionales de la danza, en articulación con los contextos políticos y culturales propios del campo dancístico de esta ciudad. El marco conceptual que se toma como referente en esta investigación dialoga sobre todo con las reflexiones de Pierre Bourdieu en El sentido práctico, donde expone cómo la educación corporal inscribe, sin que medie explicación verbal alguna, los valores de una cultura. Así, las disciplinas corporales extracotidianas de la danza, al incidir en el cuerpo del bailarín a través de la diaria reiteración, no solamente instauran en el mismo su técnica, sino que construyen, a través de sus valores estéticos, éticos, y del margen de creatividad que permiten, una parte muy importante de la forma de estar en el mundo del individuo disciplinado. En esta investigación se analizan cualitativamente los datos obtenidos en las entrevistas grabadas en vídeo a veinticinco profesionales de la danza quiteña formados dentro y fuera del país, cuyas edades aproximadas van de los treinta a los cincuenta años, en pleno ejercicio de su labor como bailarines, coreógrafos y/o docentes, y cuya práctica disciplinar corporal se encuentra dentro un rango de técnicas y estilos que abarcan el Ballet, la Danza Moderna, y varios estilos de Danza Contemporánea. El presente trabajo logra evidenciar las particularidades y contradicciones con las que se desarrollaron las diversas técnicas de disciplinamiento físico dancístico -con sus parámetros estéticos, éticos y creativos- al ser insertadas en el campo de la danza quiteño y en los cuerpos de los bailarines profesionales de esta ciudad.

An arch in the UK

Arches, streamers, polar lights, merry dancers… just a few of many names used to describe the aurora borealis in historical documents in the UK. We have compiled a new catalogue of 20591 independent reports of auroral sightings from the British Isles and Ireland for 1700–1975 using observatory yearbooks, the diaries of amateur observers, newspaper reports and the scientific literature. Our aim is to provide an independent data series that can aid understanding of longterm solar variability, alongside cosmogenic isotope data and historic records of geomagnetic activity and sunspots.

Neurocognitive control in dance perception and performance

Dance is a rich source of material for researchers interested in the integration of movement and cognition. The multiple aspects of embodied cognition involved in performing and perceiving dance have inspired scientists to use dance as a means for studying motor control, expertise, and action-perception links. The aim of this review is to present basic research on cognitive and neural processes implicated in the execution, expression, and observation of dance, and to bring into relief contemporary issues and open research questions. The review addresses six topics: 1) dancers’ exemplary motor control, in terms of postural control, equilibrium maintenance, and stabilization; 2) how dancers’ timing and on-line synchronization are influenced by attention demands and motor experience; 3) the critical roles played by sequence learning and memory; 4) how dancers make strategic use of visual and motor imagery; 5) the insights into the neural coupling between action and perception yielded through exploration of the brain architecture mediating dance observation; and 6) a neuroaesthetics perspective that sheds new light on the way audiences perceive and evaluate dance expression. Current and emerging issues are presented regarding future directions that will facilitate the ongoing dialogue between science and dance.

Aspectos posturais e álgicos de bailarinas clássicas

Na prática do Ballet Clássico, diversos autores, como Tomes (1995), Guillot e Prudhommeau (1974), Bertoni (1992), Kostrovitskaya (1995), Vaganova (1941) e Baryshnikov (1976) priorizam a postura corporal através do alinhamento vertical do corpo, pressuposto este que é defendido por Kendall et al (1995). Contudo, esses pressupostos teóricos nem sempre são aceitos por outros estudiosos, como Solomon, Minton e Solomon (1990), Mckenzie (1985), Chaitow (1982), Denys Struyf (1995) e Malanga (2002), os quais não se fixam na premissa de que uma postura alinhada pode produzir menor gasto energético, ser mais confortável e prevenir lesões. Diante dessa controvérsia não encontrou-se um referencial teórico consistente que justificasse a postura adotada pelas bailarinas clássicas, mas sim apenas uma proposta postural defendida por maitres e/ou professores de Ballet Clássico utilizada no sentido de proporcionar às bailarinas aprimoramento técnico, benefícios estéticos e controle do número de lesões. Diante disso, este trabalho tem como objetivos: (1) verificar a coerência entre a postura solicitada pela maitre e/ou professor de Ballet Clássico e a postura adotada pelas bailarinas avaliadas; (2) descrever e analisar as características posturais específicas do grupo de bailarinas clássicas avaliadas, caso estas existam; (3) verificar a existência e o tipo de algias nas bailarinas clássicas avaliadas; (4) relacionar as características posturais específicas encontradas com os sintomas álgicos apresentados pelas bailarinas clássicas avaliadas; (5) verificar se as características posturais, adotadas pelas bailarinas clássicas avaliadas, lhes satisfazem. Para tal, a amostra foi dividida em um grupo formado por bailarinas clássicas (n=30; idade média=13,06 anos +1,98), um grupo de referência formado por não bailarinas clássicas (n=30; idade média=13,86 anos +1,61) e um grupo de maitres e/ou professores de Ballet Clássico (n=22). Foram aplicados os seguintes instrumentos: (1) questionário de aspectos posturais específicos em 3 versões - (1a) para o grupo de maitres e/ou professores de Ballet Clássico (r=1, p=0,0001), (1b) para o grupo de bailarinas clássicas (r=0,99, p=0,0001), (1c) para o grupo de não bailarinas (r=1, p=0,0001); (2) questionário de informações gerais; (3) questionário de dor (testado e adaptado por Souza e Krieger, 2000), (4) avaliação postural a partir de fotografia digitalizada, com três tomadas de intervalos de 2 horas, a uma distância de 3 metros. Os resultados mostraram que existem características posturais específicas para as bailarinas clássicas avaliadas e estas são coerentes com aquelas solicitadas por maitres e professores de Ballet Clássico; existem sintomas álgicos nas bailarinas, contudo estes não se relacionam com as suas características posturais específicas; o tipo de algias assinalado pelas participantes corresponde a algias leves esperadas na prática do Ballet Clássico; as bailarinas clássicas avaliadas encontram-se plenamente satisfeitas com a postura que adotam.

Batidas intensas : corpo e sociabilidade nas festas de música eletrônica em Natal

The significance of the body in electronic music parties as a sign for communicating and socializing among participants is the focus of this work. Qualitative research undertaken in this study seeks to investigate how sociability happens at raves and nightclubs in Natal/RN. Sociability is understood here as a play expression involving the dimensions of music, dance and party; the body, seen from a transdisciplinary approach, is understood as a symbolic instance, with its own meanings, as a result and a producer of social and as a cross between the cultural and the biological. The body has a communicative potential, is primary media. An intersection point between nature and culture, it serves as the seat of emotions and sociability, since it is through it that social relations are made. In electronic music parties, the body is interpreted based on its communication signs: clothing, accessories, body movements, tactile contact, body language, interactions between the public and dj, the dj and the public, gestures, expressive speech of emotions. Through such signs, body communication and a sense of community among participants develop sociability in the festive place and change the mood of the dancers. The Natal s electronic music parties young goer interacts on parties, adopts cheerful and receptive positions towards the other, maintains physical contact, values dance as a form of communication and lists happiness as the main feeling aroused in electronic music festivals. To achieve this result, a plurimetodological approach was used, which consisted of various methodological devices and various techniques of investigation: ethnographic observation, individual and informal interview techniques, photographic record of the scene, in-depth interview and application thirty questionnaires to patrons of electronic music parties

Simetria na dança: vestígios matemáticos na prática da dança esportiva em cadeira de rodas

To investigate in practice of the Wheelchair Dancesport (WDS), the mathematics of the characteristic isometric movements of the dance of ChaChaCha was the generating subject of this study. The subjects and the locus of the research were the athletes dancers of the Associação Baiana de Dança em Cadeira de Rodas (ABDCR). Referred him study aimed at to describe reflections concerning the athletes' practicing dancers of the technical acting Wheelchair Dancesport, using the inherent mathematical knowledge to the isometric movements executed in the ChaChaCha. For that, I stimulated in the athlete dancer the need to be investigating of his/her own practice, motivating him/it to be searching of information that they collaborate with his/her technical refinement, proposing like this roads to make possible his/her growth, while dancer and, also, promoting of their own movements. To reach my objectives I dialogued with some specialists to understand, to the light of their theories as, Espaçonumerática, Sociology of the mathematics, Etnomathematical, Dance and Symmetry, as those spaces they interact with the atmosphere of the Wheelchair Dancesport and that contributions could supply to the study. However, two authors of the Dancesport for walking , Ried e Laird, they brought contributions that aided in the creation of a prototype for the study of isometric movements in practice of the modality promoting the interface between the theory and the practice. The study showed to be possible to navigate still with the Mathematical Education in an universe little known as the one of the Wheelchair Dancesport. And it is in this adapts that propose a more attentive glance to the illustrations executed by the athlete dancer wheelchair and walking , in the dance of the ChaChaCha, verifying and proposing an analysis with focus investigate, looking for mathematical tracks concerning the symmetry that you/they characterize some of their illustrations

LEARNING A COMPLEX MOTOR SKILL FROM VIDEO and POINT-LIGHT DEMONSTRATIONS

The aim of this Study was to compare the learning process of a highly complex ballet skill following demonstrations of point light and video models 16 participants divided into point light and video groups (ns = 8) performed 160 trials of a pirouette equally distributed in blocks of 20 trials alternating periods of demonstration and practice with a retention test a day later Measures of head and trunk oscillation coordination d1 parity from the model and movement time difference showed similarities between video and point light groups ballet experts evaluations indicated superiority of performance in the video over the point light group Results are discussed in terms of the task requirements of dissociation between head and trunk rotations focusing on the hypothesis of sufficiency and higher relevance of information contained in biological motion models applied to learning of complex motor skills

Historical aspects of Belly Dance and its practice in Brazil

Dance is regarded as one of the oldest art forms, which is based on evidence from prehistoric paintings found in caves; man expressed himself through body language prior to the development of spoken and written forms of communication. Dance was then used during important events, common to their era and culture, and often in religious rituals, to ensure good harvests - their economic activity. Belly-dance appeared approximately eight thousand years B. C. E. as a sacred dance firstly practiced by priestesses, and after that, it was popularized amongst women from Mesopotamia. Virtually considered an ancient form of physical exercise, it is still practiced by Bedouin women as a preparation for spontaneous delivery. In Brazil, belly-dance is widely practiced and our corporal culture enables its learning and improvement, resulting in professional dancers.

Effect of different pulse treatments on vase life of inflorescences of oncidium varicosum 'Samurai'

Oncidium varicosum is a species of orchid that is prevalent in South America. This species produces yellow flowers, which are commonly named golden shower, ballet dancer and Anita's flower. The study of the post-harvest physiology of flowers involves examination of factors related to quality loss of cut flowers, which is related not only to several physiological processes but also to interactions between the floral components and qualitative factors. In this context, our research involved the study of physiological aspects of the post-harvest physiology of cut inflorescences of Oncidium varicosum ('Samurai') after treatment with pulsing solutions containing silver salts, 8-HQC and sucrose. A reduction of relative water content of Oncidium flowers treated with pulsing STS (2 mM) was observed. The soluble carbohydrates and reducing sugars content decreased, and higher contents were measured in flowers treated with STS (2 mM). All parameters related to flower coloration were reduced in all treatments. Similar results were obtained for carotenoid content, except for the STS treatment (2 mM), which differed significantly from the other treatments on the 8th and 12th days of vase life. The inflorescences' longevity varied from 12 days (distilled water) to 15 days (STS 2 mM).

A dança a dois: processos de criação em dança contemporânea

Pós-graduação em Artes - IA

O revelar da paixão: as relações estabelecidas entre coreógrafo, bailarinos e obra no processo de criação do Pas de Deux de Bachiana n.1

Pós-graduação em Artes - IA

Medição da descarga de peso de indivíduos hemiplégicos e não hemiplégicos utilizando uma nova plataforma de força

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Elétrica - FEIS

A dança e o ventre: aparência corporal na contemporaneidade

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

A expressão da criatividade na dança

Pós-graduação em Ciências da Motricidade - IBRC