Projecto de execução de estruturas e fundações de uma obra de arte corrente em betão armado e pré-esforçado

Trabalho de Projecto para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil.

Perspectives of Identity in Julio Cortázar’s Rayuela

My aim was to produce a dissertation, based on Rayuela, which focuses on Cortázar’s questioning of identity. With this objective in mind, I have studied some of the salient elements in the novel that relate to this topic and the subsequent, interrelated, areas of study that arose in doing so. The cities of Paris and Buenos Aires are placed in contrast within the novel and reflect a dichotomy that reflects Oliveira’s condition as a “foreigner,” (more specifically as a South American in Europe). This duality is further reflected in Cortázar’s use of gender, and the development of the notions of active and passive, and an investigation into the traditional modes of thought, symbols, and stereotypes, and an open-ended questioning of their validity. These topics are framed by a notion of Judeo-Christian History that is in many ways flawed and, as such, contrasts with a more intuitive (or “oriental”) perception of reality, which is centred in figures such as la Maga. I found many explicit references to Zen philosophy, and related oriental references, that led me to believe that this area was worthy of further investigation. Rayuela is considered a classic novel within the canon of Spanish language literature. It’s famous “tabla,” like the rules for a game between the writer and the receptor that produce alternative readings, has led to many discussions regarding the novel’s structure and form, and also created a certain amount of polemic with the use of concepts such as the “lector hembra.” Many consider Cortázar a greater short story writer than a novelist, but nevertheless this novel had a profound effect on young readers upon its publication, much to Cortázar’s surprise, and continues to attract readers, dealing as it does with issues that continue to be relevant to many people.

Acute flare induced by the calcific tendonitis of the rotator cuff: inhibition of IL-1 a potential therapeutic target?

Introduction: Calcific tendonitis of rotator cuff is observed on plainradiographs in 10% of adults, but remains asymptomatic in half thesecases. Sometimes, these calcifications induce acute flares withmassive inflammation similar to gout or CPPD crisis. Analgesics/anti-inflammatory medications are usually not sufficient to controlssymptoms in these situations. Local steroid infiltration with or withoutremoval of the calcific deposition with a needle aspiration may beuseful. A new approach could be IL-1 inhibitors. Indeed, basic calciumphosphate crystals are capable of stimulating the release of activeIL-1β in vitro. These crystals trigger IL-1β release, in an analogousmanner to MSU crystals in acute gout, suggesting that IL-1β blockademay be clinically useful.Case presentation: This report describes a 70-year old woman withacute rest pain of the right shoulder since 48 hours. On examination,we found massive limitations of active and passive movements. Thepatient evaluated, on the visual scale, her symptoms at 10/10 the nightand 5/10 the day. The radiography and showed a rounded, 8 mmcalcification in the subscapularis tendon. The ultrasound aspectrevealed a heterogeneous calcification partially non solid, surroundedby massive inflammation on Doppler. C-reactive protein anderythrocyte sedimentation rate were high (74 mg/ml, 54 mm/hour).The patient received subcutaneous injections of anakinra: 100 mgdaily for 3 days (D1-D3). We evaluated the patient in our consult at dayD1, D2, D3, D7, D16 and by phone at D70.This treatment rapidly relieved the inflammatory symptoms (within afew hours with no relapse). The mobility of the shoulder, the biologicsparameters improved and the size of the calcification as well thedegree of inflammation regressed on ultrasound after 3 days.Conclusion: This is the first report of a woman with an acute flareinduced by calcific tendonitis who received anakinra. IL-1 inhibitionmay be a therapeutic target in calcific tendonitis. To analyse thisresponse more precisely and elaborate definitive conclusions, aprospective pilot study is on-going in our ambulatory institute.

Adaptation de la phase de planification et d’initiation du mouvement d’atteinte visuellement guidé à différentes dissociations visuomotrices.

L’hypothèse générale de ce projet soutient que le système moteur doit performer des transformations sensorimotrices afin de convertir les entrées sensorielles, concernant la position de la cible à atteindre, en commande motrice, afin de produire un mouvement du bras et de la main vers la cible à atteindre. Ce type de conversion doit être fait autant au niveau de la planification du mouvement que pour une éventuelle correction d’erreur de planification ou d’un changement inopiné de la position de la cible. La question de recherche du présent mémoire porte sur le ou les mécanismes, circuits neuronaux, impliqués dans ce type de transformation. Y a-t-il un seul circuit neuronal qui produit l’ensemble des transformations visuomotrices entre les entrées sensorielles et les sorties motrices, avant l’initiation du mouvement et la correction en temps réel du mouvement, lorsqu’une erreur ou un changement inattendu survient suite à l’initiation, ou sont-ils minimalement partiellement indépendants sur le plan fonctionnel? L’hypothèse de travail suppose qu’il n’y ait qu’un seul circuit responsable des transformations sensorimotrices, alors l’analyse des résultats obtenus par les participants devrait démontrer des changements identiques dans la performance pendant la phase de planification du mouvement d’atteinte et la phase de correction en temps réel après l’adaptation à des dissociations sensorimotrices arbitraires. L’approche expérimentale : Dans la perspective d’examiner cette question et vérifier notre hypothèse, nous avons jumelé deux paradigmes expérimentaux. En effet, les mouvements d’atteinte étaient soumis à une dissociation visuomotrice ainsi qu’à de rares essais composés de saut de cible. L’utilisation de dissociation visuomotrice permettait d’évaluer le degré d’adaptation des mécanismes impliqués dans le mouvement atteint. Les sauts de cible avaient l’avantage de permettre d’examiner la capacité d’adaptation à une dissociation visuomotrice des mécanismes impliqués dans la correction du mouvement (miroir : sur l’axe y, ou complète : inversion sur les axes x et y). Les résultats obtenus lors des analyses effectuées dans ce mémoire portent exclusivement sur l’habileté des participants à s’adapter aux deux dissociations visuomotrices à la première phase de planification du mouvement. Les résultats suggèrent que les mécanismes de planification du mouvement possèdent une grande capacité d’adaptation aux deux différentes dissociations visuomotrices. Les conclusions liées aux analyses présentées dans ce mémoire suggèrent que les mécanismes impliqués dans la phase de planification et d’initiation du mouvement parviennent relativement bien à s’adapter aux dissociations visuomotrices, miroir et inverse. Bien que les résultats démontrent une certaine distinction, entre les deux groupes à l’étude, quant aux délais nécessaires à cette adaptation, ils illustrent aussi un taux d’adaptation finale relativement similaire. L’analyse des réponses aux sauts de cible pourra être comparée aux résultats présentés dans ce mémoire afin de répondre à l’hypothèse de travail proposée par l’objectif initial de l’étude.

Design Considerations of Sonar Projector Arrays with Improved Performance

Systems which employ underwater acoustic energy for observation or communication are called sonar systems. The active and passive sonars are the two types of systems used for the detection and localisation of targets in underwater. Active sonar involves the transmission of an acoustic signal which, when reflected from a target, provides the sonar receiver with a basis for the detection and estimation. Passive sonar bases its detection and estimation on sounds which emanate from the target itself--Machinery noise, flow noise, transmission from its own active sonar etc.Electroacoustic transducers are used in sonar systems for the transmission and detection of acoustic energy. The transducer which is used for the transmission of acoustic energy is called projector and the one used for reception is called hydrophone. Since a single transducer is not sufficient enough for long range and directional transmission, a properly distributed array of transducers are to be used [9-11].The need and requirement for spatial processing to generate the most favourable directivity patterns for transducer systems used in underwater applications have already been analysed by several investigators [12-21].The desired directivity pattern can be either generated by the use of suitable focussing techniques or by an array of non-directional sensor elements, whose arrangements, spacing and the mode of excitation provide the required radiation pattern or by the combination of these.While computing that the directivity pattern, it is assumed strength of the elements are unaffected by the the source acoustic pressure at each source. However, in closely packed a r r a y s , the acoustic interaction effects experienced among the elements will modify the behaviour of individual elements and in turn will reduce the acoust ic source leve 1 wi t h respect to the maximum t heoret i cal va 1ue a s well as degrade the beam pa t tern. Th i s ef fect shou 1d be reduced in systems that are intended to generate high acoustic power output and unperturbed beam patterns [2,22-31].The work herein presented includes an approach for designing efficient and well behaved underwater transd~cer arrays, taking into account the acoustic interaction effect experienced among the closely packed multielement arrays.Architectural modifications reducing the interaction effect different radiating apertures.

Factores asociados a la infección para Clostridium difficile en un hospital universitario de Bogotá

Introducción La infección por Clostridium difficile, es una de las causas más frecuentes de diarrea nosocomial con una alta morbimortalidad, con un aumento exponencial en su incidencia, en Estados Unidos se duplicó, de 261 casos x 100.000 en 1993 pasó a 546 x 100.000 en 2003 2, y en Canadá se encontraron datos similares con un aumento de 4.5 veces, en 1991 de 35.6 casos x 100.000 a 156.3 casos por 100.000 en 2004 3 . Se han descrito varios factores asociados Materiales y Métodos Se trata de un estudio descriptivo de tipo serie de casos en el que se evaluaron pacientes con diagnóstico de infección por C. Difficile y los factores asociados en un Hospital Universitario entre febrero de 2010 hasta septiembre de 2011 Resultados Se recolectaron 31 pacientes la edad promedio fue de 58 años con un rango entre 18 y 93 años, de los cuales 19 (61%) fueron mujeres y 12 (39%) hombres. El factor asociado a la infección por C. Difficile más frecuentemente encontrado fue el uso de inhibidores de bomba de protones con 54.84% (n=17) .No se encontraron pacientes VIH positivos o con diagnóstico de enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal. Ningún paciente presentó complicaciones asociadas a la infección ni mortalidad alguna. Conclusión El factor asociado que más se presentó fue el uso de antimicrobianos en los quince dias previos al inicio del cuadro en el 74% de los pacientes lo que coincide con lo presentado en la literatura mundial.

La revisión de la relación jurídica tributaria (Tema Central)

Hasta mediados del pasado siglo, el estudio de la aplicación de la norma tributaria al caso concreto ha solido realizarse a partir del esquema de la relación jurídica tributaria. Pero con independencia del movimiento de revisión del concepto de relación jurídica obligacional que se ha producido en el ámbito del Derecho público, dentro del Derecho tributario no es posible agotar el estudio de la prestación tributaria a través de un análisis circunscrito al examen de la obligación tributaria y del derecho de crédito correspondiente. Si se desea llevar a término un examen profundo y articulado del fenómeno tributario, es necesario considerar las posiciones subjetivas activas y pasivas que derivan de la ley, pero en cuanto a las primeras, no en términos de derecho de crédito, sino como potestad de imposición, y respecto a las segundas, no limitándose a la obligación tributaria, sino extendiendo el análisis al conjunto de actos debidos previstos por la norma.

Kinematical analysis of redundant drive wire mechanisms with velocity constraint

In this paper, we propose a new velocity constraint type for Redundant Drive Wire Mechanisms. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that the proposed velocity constraint module can fix the orientation of the movable part and to use the kinematical analysis method to obtain the moving direction of the movable part. First, we discuss the necessity of using this velocity constraint type and the possible applications of the proposed mechanism. Second, we derive the basic equations of a wire mechanism with this constraint type. Next, we present a method of motion analysis on active and passive constraint spaces, which is used to find the moving direction of a movable part. Finally, we apply the above analysis method on a wire mechanism with a velocity constraint module and on a wire mechanism with four double actuator modules. By evaluating the results, we prove the validity of the proposed constraint type.

JOYCE: Jülich Observatory for cloud evolution

The Jülich Observatory for Cloud Evolution (JOYCE), located at Forschungszentrum Jülich in the most western part of Germany, is a recently established platform for cloud research. The main objective of JOYCE is to provide observations, which improve our understanding of the cloudy boundary layer in a midlatitude environment. Continuous and temporally highly resolved measurements that are specifically suited to characterize the diurnal cycle of water vapor, stability, and turbulence in the lower troposphere are performed with a special focus on atmosphere–surface interaction. In addition, instruments are set up to measure the micro- and macrophysical properties of clouds in detail and how they interact with different boundary layer processes and the large-scale synoptic situation. For this, JOYCE is equipped with an array of state-of-the-art active and passive remote sensing and in situ instruments, which are briefly described in this scientific overview. As an example, a 24-h time series of the evolution of a typical cumulus cloud-topped boundary layer is analyzed with respect to stability, turbulence, and cloud properties. Additionally, we present longer-term statistics, which can be used to elucidate the diurnal cycle of water vapor, drizzle formation through autoconversion, and warm versus cold rain precipitation formation. Both case studies and long-term observations are important for improving the representation of clouds in climate and numerical weather prediction models.

Terapia das construções de concreto : metodologia de avaliação de sistemas epoxi destinadas a injeção de fissuras passivas das estruturas de concreto

A perda do desempenho de uma edificação está associada ao aparecimento de patologias. A escolha de uma adequada terapia para os problemas encantrados, depende de um diagnóstico preciso do caso. A fissuração do concreto é alvo deste trabalho, por ser ela uma das manifestacoes patológicas mais incidentes nas edificacões, tanto a nível nacional como mundial. Nesse trabaho os diversos tipos de fissuras verificadas no concreto são agrupadas em ativas e passivas. Apresenta-se,H ainda, os materiais e técnicas de recuperacão para corrigir as fissuras dos dois grupos. Entre as soluções mais adotadas para recuperar as problemas patológicos, as que utilizam sistemas de base epóxi possuem destaque. O trabalho faz uma discussão sobre os fatores que influenciam o desempenho de sistemas epóxi destinados à injeção de fiissuras passivas do concreto e apresenta ensaios que podem ser realizados para garantir o sucesso da técnica. Ao final, apresenta um exemplo de avaliação de sistemas epóxi, encontradas no mercado nacional, destinados à injecão de fissuras e uma análise dos resultados obtidos.

A arte do fazer: o artista Ruy Meira e as artes plásticas no Pará dos anos 1940 a 1980

Este trabalho busca estudar o panorama das artes plásticas no Estado do Pará entre as décadas de 1940 e 1980 a partir da figura de Ruy Meira (1921-1995), pintor e ceramista paraense. Meira, membro de uma destacada família de homens públicos e intelectuais nortistas, desempenhou papel central no amadurecimento das artes no Pará, seja por ter sido fundamental para o estabelecimento de importantes redes de sociabilidade artístico-intelectuais, seja por ter, em sua trajetória artística, sintetizado a história da absorção das principais vertentes da arte moderna no Pará. Para estudar a personalidade artístico-social de Meira, buscamos apoio no arquivo pessoal do artista, que contém importante material, em boa parte inédito, constituído de correspondência ativa e passiva, fotografias e catálogos de exposição.

Effect of citrate ions on the electrochemical behaviour of low-carbon steel in borate buffer solutions

The electrochemical behaviour of cold-rolled low carbon steel was studied on both active and passive potential regions in borate buffer solutions with and without the addition of sodium citrate (NaCit). In the active region anodic charges increased significantly and RCT values decreased with citrate, due to the formation of soluble complexes. In the passive potential region the film formed at +0.4 V in borate buffer solution with and without 0.010 M NaCit is probably enriched by Fe3O4 oxide, while films formed at +0.8 V are probably enriched by gamma-Fe2O3. The equivalent circuit [R-s(R(CT)Q)] fitted all experimental impedance data. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Speech therapy intervention before dental management in patients with special needs: A case report

Fragile X syndrome is a cytogenetic abnormality related to chromosomal X. This syndrome is frequently associated to intellectual disability, psychological problems, as well as heart, skeletal and join alterations. Intraoral anomalies include malloclusion, ogival palate, cleft palate, presence of mesiodens, dental hypomineralization and abrasion of the occlusal surfaces and incisai edges. The study of characteristics of this syndrome is important for the dentist in order to guide dental treatment and prevention. The aim of this study is to present a myofunctional therapy protocol, evaluated by surface electromyography. A case of a 21 year-old young man who attended the Training Program in Dentistry for Persons with Disabilities, School of Dentistry of São José dos Campos/UNESP is reported. He underwent myofunctional therapy before dental treatment and the masticatory muscles were evaluated by surface electromyography. The exercises of myofunctional therapy consisted of active and passive simple movements of opening and closing the mouth, tongue protrusion and retrusion, digital manipulation and also by using an electric massager on intraoral and perioral region of the masseter, buccinator and orbicularis oris. Action potentials of the masticatory muscles decreased in almost all the muscles and values for the bite force and mandibular opening capacity increased. This study showed that brief and immediate myofunctional therapy optimized clinical practice with positive repercussion on dental care.

Avaliação da resistência de união entre dentina preparada por laser e um sistema adesivo a base de silorano, variando a técnica de aplicação e umidade do substrato

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Resposta imune ativa e passiva induzida por vacina comercial contra rotavirose bovina

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)