Variação genética para caracteres anatômicos e retração volumétrica e sua correlação com a densidade básica da madeira em uma população base de Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn

Eucalyptus camaldulensis has great importance in Brazil because of their phenotypic plasticity for different environmental conditions, as soils, altitudes and rainfall. This study is an investigation of a base population of E. camaldulensis from Australia through a progeny test implanted in Selvíria, MS. The trial was established in a randomized block design, with 25 families and 60 replications of single tree plots. Genetic parameters for anatomic traits and volume shrinkage were estimated, as well as their correlations with wood basic density. No significant differences among progenies were observed for the traits studied. The additive genetic variation coefficient at individual and among progeny levels ranged from low (0.26%) to high (16.98%). The narrow sense heritability at individual and family means levels also ranged from low (0.01) to high (0.87). This indicates that some traits are under strong genetic control and can be improved by selection. In the present situation, in order to attain the highest genetic gains, the sequential selection among and within progeny would be recommended.

Variação genética para caracteres silviculturais e anatômicos da madeira em progênies de Myracrodruon urundeuva (Engler) Fr. Allem

The aims of this study were to evaluate the variation and to estimate genetic parameters for silvicultural anatomic wood traits for genetic breeding of a Myracrodruon urundeuva (Engler) Fr. Allem, population from Selvíria-MS. For this, from samples of a progeny test established in the Fazenda de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão da Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira/UNESP, macroscopic anatomic wood traits of M. urundeuva (tangential diameter and vases frequency per mm2) and growth traits were measured (height, DBH and stem form). Genetic parameters were estimated in 28 open-pollinated progenies, in three replications and 10 plants per plot, using a REML/BLUP approach. Between the analysed traits, the DBH is the most indicated for selection for timber production, because it presented the highest values of coefficient of genetic variation, heritabilities and selective accuracy. Between the anatomic traits, the vessels frequency in the pith showed the highest values for genetic parameters. For pulp yield, based on the multi-effect index, the strategy of selecting the best trees for vessels frequency in the pith, independent of the progeny, permitted to obtain substantial gains by mass selection, without progeny test.

Influência do cancro basal em Eucalyptus grandis nas propriedades da madeira e polpação kraft

The objective of this research is to assess the influences of basal canker on wood properties for the kraft pulp production. The material consisted of seeded E. grandis trees classified into 4 levels of basal canker severity (0, 1, 2 and 3) and installed in three soil types classified by texture (AQ1 and AQ2 - 10 to 15% clay, and LEm2 - 26 to 35 clay). The sampling consisted of randomly selecting five trees for each for each canker severity level and soil type, totaling 60 trees (4 canker levels x 3 soil types x 5 trees). These trees were fallen and cut into sections at 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of the commercial height for the collection of disk and logs of wood. The results showed that the soil texture influences in the Eucalyptus canker severity and this fact should be considered when assessing the wood properties and their final destination. The texture of the soil and the severe levels of basal canker influence the wood properties, and therefore the kraft pulping.

Utilização de resíduos e derivados de madeira para confecção de uma guitarra elétrica

The residues generation is a quite serious problem in several industrial areas and also in the lumbering area. The search for the elimination or reduction of the volume of generated residues is endless, however limited, resulting in the search for a proper destination or better use, instead of simply burning it. A lot of uses and services are commonly proposed, but with low aggregated value to the residue. This work shows the usage viability of different discarded residues and wood composites in the production of an electric guitar. Cupiúba, ipê and jatobá residues have been used besides wood composites of pinus. The residues and wood composites have shown appropriate resistance, surfacing quality and design terms, and could be used to substitute the traditionally wood used in the production of the instrument as well as in other products of similar characteristics and with larger aggregated value.

Classificação Estrutural e Qualidade da Madeira do Clone GT 1 de Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg

Latex is the main product extracted from rubber trees (Hevea brasiliensis). In Brazil, at the end of the production cycle of latex, the wood of rubber tree is traditionally used for energy purposes, but several international studies have reported consolidated practices of adding value to it. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the quality of wood and classify it structurally based on its mechanical properties. Six 20-year-old trees of the clone GT 1 of rubber tree proceeding from Itajobi, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil were sampled. Reduced dimensions specimens in the radial direction of the wood were produced to evaluate the quality by compression parallel to the grain, static bending and Janka hardness tests. Two specimens, one from the lower log (since the ground up to breast height) and one from the higher log (from breast height up to 2.50 m) were produced for structural classification of the wood based on the characteristic strength in compression parallel to the grain (NBR 7190 norm, 1997). The wood was classified as C40 (fc0k ≥ 40 MPa) class. Results revealed that the strength was not statistically different in the radial direction (except for the Janka hardness), though tending to increase from pith to bark.

Variabilidade espacial da resistência mecânica do solo à penetração e umidade do solo em área cultivada com cana-de-açúcar na região de Humaitá, Amazonas, Brasil

The mechanical resistance to penetration (RP) is an attribute indicator of compaction was influenced by soil moisture. The objective of this study was to evaluate the spatial variability of soil resistance to penetration and soil moisture on area under cultivation of sugar cane in the region of Humaitá, Amazonas, Brazil. We conducted a sampling grid of 70x70 m where points were scored at regular intervals of 10 m, a total of 64 points. Soil samples were collected at depths of 0.00 to 0.15 m, 0.15 to 0.30 I 0.30 to 0.45 m for determination of soil moisture and soil resistance to penetration in the field. After analysis of these data analyzes were descriptive statistics and geostatistics. We conclude that all the variables studied showed spatial dependence and range values were higher than stipulated by the sampling grid and the RP and soil moisture showed a spatial relationship where lower values of PR concentrated on smaller values of soil moisture.

Painéis de partículas de madeira leucena e resina poliuretana derivada de óleo de mamona

This research aimed to test particleboard with leucena (Leucaena leucocephala) wood particles and polyurethane resin castor oil based. The response variables are: modulus of rupture (MOR), internal adhesion (AI), apparent density (dap) and wood moisture content (um). The experiments were developed based on the methodological procedures of the ABNT NBR 14810:2002 standard. The particleboards were manufactured by hot-pressing at 4MPa and 90°C, using timber particles with 5% of moisture content and 10% of monocomponent and bicomponent polyurethane resin. The higher moisture content was achieved when the monocomponent polyurethane resin was used. The bicomponent polyurethane resin provided a percent increase of 43.7% and 22.7% on the modulus of rupture and apparent density, respectively, when compared to the standard limit. The internal adhesion of the panels manufactured with monocomponent resin was 2.45 times higher than the standard limit. The confidence interval between means revealed that the internal adhesion and apparent density exhibited statistical equivalence. A good correlation between the internal adhesion and apparent density was found, for this reason it was possible to estimate the internal adhesion of the panels based on the apparent density data.

Influência da variação sazonal da temperatura e umidade do solo na germinação de sementes de espécies do cerrado: Xylopia aromatica (Lam.) Mart. (Annonaceae), Banisteriopsis variabilis B. Gates (malpighiaceae) e Vochysia tucanorum Mart. (Vochysiaceace)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Variabilidade espacial da emissão de CO2, temperatura e umidade em latossolo sob cultivo de cana-de-açúcar em sistemas de colheita manual com queima e mecanizada

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Impacto do tratamento térmico com baixa umidade sobre as características físico-químicas e reológicas de amidos de mandioca, araruta e mandioquinha-salsa

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Efeito da moagem em moinho de bolas e do tratamento térmico com baixa umidade sobre as características estruturais e físico-químicas dos amidos de mandioca e mandioquinha-salsa

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Efeito da imersão de mudas com fertilizante e cupinicida no crescimento de dois clones de eucalipto sob duas condições de umidade no substrato

Pós-graduação em Ciência Florestal - FCA

Avaliação da resistência de união entre dentina preparada por laser e um sistema adesivo a base de silorano, variando a técnica de aplicação e umidade do substrato

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

A extração e a indústria da madeira no município de Rio Branco - AC

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Caracterização do clima urbano em Teodoro Sampaio/SP

Pós-graduação em Geografia - FCT