903 resultados para Seleção de genitores
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Coordenao de Aperfeioamento de Pessoal de Nvel Superior (CAPES)
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Coordenao de Aperfeioamento de Pessoal de Nvel Superior (CAPES)
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O peso ao nascer constitui caracterstica produtiva de elevada importncia zootcnica, devido sua relao com a taxa de sobrevivncia desmama e com os pesos nas demais fases de desenvolvimento do animal, quer seja para a produo de carne, leite ou em animais que se destinam reproduo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi obter estimativas de herdabilidade e tendncias fenotpicas e genticas do peso ao nascer, em bubalinos do Estado do Par, Brasil. Foram calculadas as estatsticas descritivas e realizado o teste de Normalidade de Shapiro-Wilk por meio do pacote estatstico Statistical Analisys System. As estimativas de herdabilidade foram obtidas por inferncia Bayesiana. O peso ao nascer apresentou mdia de 36,6 kg. O modelo de anlise considerou como fixos os efeitos de sexo, ano de nascimento e composio racial do animal e como efeitos aleatrios animal, efeito materno e residual. A distribuio da herdabilidade direta apresentou-se platicrtica (achatada) e com maior assimetria, tendo uma distribuio bimodal com a primeira moda prxima a 0,10 e a segunda prxima a 0,30; a materna apresentou-se trimodal, com picos bem prximos a 0,15 e outro menos evidente prximo a 0,20. A tendncia gentica direta do peso ao nascer mostrou-se negativa (-0,03kg ano-1) e a tendncia gentica materna prxima zero (0,001 kg ano-1), ainda que a tendncia fenotpica tenha sido positiva (0,156kg ano-1). Existe variabilidade gentica possvel de ser trabalhada em um programa de melhoramento, no entanto, pouco foi feito quanto seleção para crescimento em bfalos no Estado do Par.
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Coordenao de Aperfeioamento de Pessoal de Nvel Superior (CAPES)
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Ps-graduao em Agronomia (Proteo de Plantas) - FCA
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Coordenao de Aperfeioamento de Pessoal de Nvel Superior (CAPES)
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Fundao de Amparo Pesquisa do Estado de So Paulo (FAPESP)
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Coordenao de Aperfeioamento de Pessoal de Nvel Superior (CAPES)
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Coordenao de Aperfeioamento de Pessoal de Nvel Superior (CAPES)
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Coordenao de Aperfeioamento de Pessoal de Nvel Superior (CAPES)
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A presente inveno permite produzir por centrifugao em gradiente de densidade, em empresas especializadas na produo e comercializao de smen congelado, doses de smen enriquecidas com espermatozides portadores do cromossomo X ou Y, sem comprometer a capacidade fecundante destes espermatozides. Pela presente inveno, doses de espermatozides contendo ambos espermatozides X e Y podem ser separadas para produzir sub populaes de espermatozides enriquecidas em portadores do cromossomo X ou Y, as quais so substancialmente puras em relao ao espermatozide desejado e substancialmente livres do outro tipo de espermatozide.
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Records from 14,288 animals of the Mangalarga Marchador breed, born from 1990 to 2005, were used to discard morphofunctional traits in a principal component analysis. The following traits were used: height at withers, height at croup, lengths of head, neck, back, croup, hip length and body, widths of head, hip width, thorax perimeter, cannon bone circumference and gait score. For the traits considered it was observed that 7 principal components showed variation lower than 0.7; suggesting that seven variables could be discarded. The reason is that when variable are highly correlated with the principal components of smaller variance, their variation is practically insignificant. Based on those results the recommendation is to maintain the following traits for future research with this database: gait score, height at croup, length of back, length of croup, width of head and cannon bone circumference.
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Due to the expansion of the wild crop to regions with higher temperatures is important to develop cultivars adapted to high heat. The aim was to select tests for evaluating seed physiological quality of wild radish to estimating genetic characters in order to select cultivars adapted to high temperature conditions. Hundred of half-brothers of wild radish were subjected to germination test and vigor (first count of germination, classification of seedling vigor, accelerated aging test, germination and testing of the first count at high temperature as well as seedling emergence in field. The germination test, first count test, accelerated aging and high germination test (20-35C) can be used for the selection of wild radish crop populations adapted to germination and field emergence under high temperatures.
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Populations of carrot seeds with superior physiological quality and storage potential are of interest to seed companies and growers. Thus, we verified the efficiency of some tests for the selection of carrot populations with greater vigor and longevity of seeds. Seeds of 50 carrots progenies of different half-brothers from Brasilia cultivar were evaluated for the mass of one hundred seeds, the first count, germination, dormancy, accelerated aging with water and saturated NaCl solution. The seeds were stored at moisture contents of 6.10.3% in hermetic packaging at temperatures of 15 and 25C for 12 months and germination was evaluated quarterly. The experimental data were evaluated for variance and phenotypic, genotypic and environmental heritability, coefficient of variation and genetic gain from selection. Selection based on the mass should not be used because it would increase the occurrence of dormancy in seeds of the next generation. The test of the first count, germination and accelerated aging in water or saline solution saturated may be used to select populations of carrot seeds of higher vigor and longevity. The estimated gain genetic selection for germination after 12 months storage at 25C was 14%.
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Ps-graduao em Agronomia (Gentica e Melhoramento de Plantas) - FCAV