Risk factor impact on blood flow velocities and clinical outcomes of stented cervical and intracranial stenoses: preliminary observations.

OBJECTIVES: The role of angioplasty/stenting procedures, neurointerventionist experience, vascular risk factors, medical treatment and blood flow velocities were analysed to identify possible causes of intra-stent restenosis (ISR) following stenting of cervical and/or intracranial arteries, assuming progressive atherosclerosis to be the shared mechanism in both territories. Patients. 26 cerebrovascular patients subjected to stenting of severe (≥85%) symptomatic or asymptomatic carotid stenoses or moderate-to-severe (≥50%) intracranial or vertebral stenoses were included. METHODS: Clinical, radiological and ultrasonographic follow-up data were analysed retrospectively. RESULTS: Overall, stenting of the internal carotid artery (ICA) induced significant reductions in peak systolic velocities at 2 years (96±31cm/s vs. 358.2±24.9cm/s at baseline). The procedure-related ischemic complications rate was 7.4% (one hemispheric stroke and one TIA). The rate of ISR≤50% was 8% in the ICA at 2 years; was 50% in the common carotid artery (CCA) at 1 year, with concomitant distal ICA stenosis in 75% of CCA stenting, but all ISR were asymptomatic. Patients with ISR of the ICA were significantly younger (56.8±4.5 vs. 71.3±3.6 years, P=0.042) and had significantly more risk factors (5.5±0.9 vs. 3±0.3, P=0.012). No ISR≥70% was detected. CONCLUSIONS: ISR is relatively infrequent and, when present, it is mild and asymptomatic. Restenosis is more frequent in younger patients and those with several risk factors, and it may also be related to stenting of previous carotid endarterectomy.

Observations de populations marquées de la musaraigne aquatique Neomys fodiens (Insectivora, Mammalia)

Three populations of the European water shrew Neomy fodiens have been observed by live-trapping, one of them during twelve months. During highest populations density a local maximum of 21 individuals have been caught. Recapture frequency from month to month was less than 50%, probably due to a weak trappability and an important dispersal behaviour. During the winter all three populations disappeared. Change in habitat or change in behaviour might be responsible for the lack of trapping siccess in the cold period.

Nouvelles observations ou Guerre civile des françois sur la langue ([Reprod.]) / [L. A. Alemand]

Collection : Archives de la linguistique française ; 9

Des mots à la mode et des nouvelles façons de parler : avec des observations sur diverses manières d'agir... ([Reprod.]) / [F. de Callières]

Collection : Archives de la linguistique française ; 70

Observations grammaticales sur quelques articles du "Dictionnaire du mauvais langage" [d'Étienne Molard] ([Reprod.]) / par G. M. Deplace,...

Collection : Archives de la linguistique française ; 107

Principes de style ou Observations sur l'art d'écrire : recueillies des meilleurs auteurs ([Reprod.])

Collection : Archives de la linguistique française ; 197

Le grand dictionnaire françois-latin : augmenté en cette édition... spécialement des mots de marine, venerie, et faulconnerie... ([Reprod.]) / recueilli des observations de plusieurs hommes doctes, entre autres de M. Nicod,... ; par M. P. de Brosses,...

Collection : Archives de la linguistique française ; 61

Nouvelles remarques de M. de Vaugelas sur la langue françoise... ([Reprod.]) / avec des observations de M****,...

Collection : Archives de la linguistique française ; 392

Observations sur l'orthographe ou Ortografie française ; suivies d'une Histoire de la réforme orthographique : depuis le XVe siècle jusqu'à nos jours ([Reprod.]) / par Ambroise Firmin Didot...

Collection : Archives de la linguistique française ; 158

La logique ou L'art de penser : contenant outre les règles communes, plusieurs observations nouvelles propres à former le jugement ([Reprod.])

Collection : Archives de la linguistique française ; 15

Observations on Software Testing Practice

This thesis investigates factors that affect software testing practice. The thesis consists of empirical studies, in which the affecting factors were analyzed and interpreted using quantitative and qualitative methods. First, the Delphi method was used to specify the scope of the thesis. Secondly, for the quantitative analysis 40industry experts from 30 organizational units (OUs) were interviewed. The survey method was used to explore factors that affect software testing practice. Conclusions were derived using correlation and regression analysis. Thirdly, from these 30 OUs, five were further selected for an in-depth case study. The data was collected through 41 semi-structured interviews. The affecting factors and their relationships were interpreted with qualitative analysis using grounded theory as the research method. The practice of software testing was analyzed from the process improvement and knowledge management viewpoints. The qualitative and quantitativeresults were triangulated to increase the validity of the thesis. Results suggested that testing ought to be adjusted according to the business orientation of the OU; the business orientation affects the testing organization and knowledge management strategy, and the business orientation andthe knowledge management strategy affect outsourcing. As a special case, the complex relationship between testing schedules and knowledge transfer is discussed. The results of this thesis can be used in improvingtesting processes and knowledge management in software testing.