Influence of Soil and Irrigation Management on the Quality of Seedless Crimson Table Grapes

The market for table grapes is moving into mass production of specialty seed-less grapes in covered areas, aiming at obtaining premium prices with early or late production of high quality products. Production of quality seedless grapes is not straightforward since it is requires the correct combination of various independent characteristics, such as color, sugars, size and quantity at the right moment for successful harvesting and marketing. The present study was carried out at the two largest Portuguese producers located in Alentejo, and has the objective of studying the effect of irrigation management strategies and two different soils on the various relevant parameters for successful production and marketing. The management strategies were the application of ten day stress at the end of the cycle, in order to promote early maturing of the grapes. Three different timings of the stress were applied. Soil moisture, sap flow, bark thickness, as well as leaf water potential, stomatal conductance and chlorophyll content were measured regularly during the production season. The results indicate that the roots explore a rather large soil volume and the plants can successfully withstand reasonable periods of drought without significant changes to the plant physiology. Additionally late rains can mask the effect of any farmer applied drought and invalidate any farmer induced stress to the plants. Water-logged soils tend to cause early onset of maturity, but cause the ripening stage to extend over a longer period of time, and thus, in effect result in a delay in the harvest date. Topography also has some effect on the ripening, since hot air tends to accumulate under the plastic at the higher areas of the field. This work is funded by PRODER, 4.1, within the scope of project MORECRIMSON

Seismic retrofitting of RC buildings using CFRP and post-tensioned metal straps: shake table tests

This article examines the effectiveness of two innovative retrofitting solutions at enhancing the seismic behaviour of a substandard reinforced concrete building tested on a shake table as part of the Pan-European funded project BANDIT. To simulate typical substandard construction, the reinforcement of columns and beam-column joints of the full-scale structure had inadequate detailing. An initial series of shake table tests were carried out to assess the seismic behaviour of the bare building and the effectiveness of a first retrofitting intervention using Post-Tensioned Metal Straps. After these tests, columns and joints were repaired and subsequently retrofitted using a retrofitting solution consisting of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymers and Post-Tensioned Metal Straps applied on opposite frames of the building. The building was then subjected to unidirectional and three-dimensional incremental seismic excitations to assess the effectiveness of the two retrofitting solutions at improving the global and local building performance. The article provides details of the above shake table testing programme and retrofitting solutions, and discusses the test results in terms of the observed damage, global damage indexes, performance levels and local strains. It is shown that whilst the original bare building was significantly damaged at a peak ground acceleration (PGA) of 0.15g, the retrofitted building resisted severe threedimensional shake table tests up to PGA=0.60g without failure. Moreover, the retrofitting intervention enhanced the interstorey drift ratio capacity of the 1st and 2nd floors by 160% and 110%, respectively. Therefore, the proposed dual retrofitting system is proven to be very effective for improving the seismic performance of substandard buildings.

Full-Scale Shaking Table Tests on a Substandard RC Building Repaired and Strengthened with Post-Tensioned Metal Straps

The effectiveness of a novel Post-Tensioned Metal Strapping (PTMS) technique at enhancing the seismic behaviour of a substandard RC building was investigated through full-scale shake-table tests during the EU-funded project BANDIT. The building had inadequate reinforcement detailing in columns and joints to replicate old construction practices. After the bare building was initially damaged significantly, it was repaired and strengthened with PTMS to perform additional seismic tests. The PTMS technique improved considerably the seismic performance of the tested building. Whilst the bare building experienced critical damage at an earthquake of PGA=0.15g, the PTMS-strengthened building sustained a PGA=0.35g earthquake without compromising stability.

Discussions sur les genres des québécoises de la génération X parlent d'autofiction au féminin

Ce mémoire porte sur la réception, par des lectrices de la génération X, de cinq oeuvres autofictionnelles écrites par les auteures québécoises Marie-Sissi Labrèche ( Borderline 2000 et La brèche 2003), Nelly Arcan (Putain 2001 et Folle 2004) et Mélikah Abdelmoumen (Le dégoût du bonheur 2001), lesquelles appartiennent à cette même génération. Leurs récits ont suscité un certain engouement public et obtenu un écho considérable dans la sphère médiatique et dans le milieu de la recherche universitaire. Les observateurs notent, de façon générale, que les narratrices autodiégétiques, alter ego des auteures, sont brutalement imparfaites, névrosées, mal dans leur peau, sexuellement soumises, assujetties aux désirs des hommes, et qu'elles ne parviennent pas à s'épanouir comme êtres humains, mais surtout, comme femmes. D'une part, les héroïnes rompent avec les représentations largement véhiculées dans les médias et dans la littérature québécoise contemporaine. D'autre part, leur profil correspond aux discours populaires sur la génération X, fréquemment qualifiée de génération sacrifiée, désabusée. Ma recherche, exploratoire, se fonde sur quatre approches théoriques : théorie des genres littéraires, théories de la réception, études féministes et gender studies, sociologie des générations. J'ai tenu cinq entretiens collectifs auprès de seize Québécoises de la génération X. J'ai réuni ces lectrices, qui s'étaient d'elles-mêmes intéressées aux récits, en petits groupe [i.e. groupes] de trois ou quatre participantes. Le compte-rendu et l'analyse de leurs discussions m'ont permis d'observer la portée sociale des récits éminemment personnels de Labrèche, d'Arcan et d'Abdelmoumen. Une interrogation m'a habitée du début à la fin de ma démarche : pourquoi et comment ces récits"parlent-ils", intellectuellement et émotionnellement, aux lectrices de la génération X? Je dégage de mon analyse quelques hypothèses interprétatives. D'abord, les lectrices ont du mal à distinguer les auteures et les narratrices. Elles tendent à appréhender les récits autofictionnels comme des autobiographies et elles procèdent à une lecture littérale des oeuvres. Ensuite, plus de la moitié des lectrices s'identifient, à différents degrés, aux narratrices. Comme ces dernières, les participantes à ma recherche affirment qu'elles ressentent une certaine pression sociale liée aux normes de beauté et de féminité et à l'hypersexualisation de l'espace public. En cela, leurs positions se rapprochent de celles du courant féministe radical. Cependant, les lectrices refusent d'être cantonnées dans un rôle de victime. Elles reprochent aux narratrices de s'autodétruire. Les femmes doivent, selon les participantes, se responsabiliser et se montrer critiques envers les modèles qui leur sont offerts. Enfin, les lectrices reconnaissent dans les héroïnes certains traits associés à la génération X. Elles attribuent en partie la souffrance des narratrices au contexte social dans lequel ces dernières évoluent. Mais elles estiment que cette souffrance est surtout tributaire de carences familiales. Les discussions des lectrices reflètent en quelque sorte leur propre appartenance à la génération X. Ainsi, l'importance qu'elles accordent à la sphère privée, par rapport à la sphère publique, constitue une des particularités des X qui ressort clairement des entretiens. Par ailleurs, leurs observations sont teintées d'un certain individualisme. Bref, à la lumière de mes résultats, je conclus que les récits autofictionnels de Marie-Sissi Labrèche, de Nelly Arcan et de Mélikah Abdelmoumen ont une certaine portée sociale, mais que leur écho résonne davantage sur le plan individuel, chez les lectrices qui s'identifient personnellement aux narratrices. Cela dit, les participantes semblent toutes avoir été portées à se questionner et à réfléchir, pendant et après leur lecture, sur l'identité féminine dans la société actuelle.

Invisible cities: the table of contents and the labyrinths of reality

In Invisible Cities (1972), Italo Calvino contrasts a rigid outline structure with a flexible textual content. The tension comprised by the numerical structure proposed in the table of contents stands out against the set of polissemic texts which make up the subject matter of the book. The opposition between form and content point to a fruitful dichotomy in the conception of the novel linked to the theories of the open and closed work. This essay will investigate the structural construction of Invisible Cities by looking at its table of contents, seeking to discuss some models of formalistic representation proposed by the criticism and the specific contribution they may, or may not, provide. The objective is to analyse the pertinence of such theories in the light of historical and cultural approaches. Aiming to uncover possible meanings which arise from the debate, this essay will question to what extent structural complexities can be considered literary if they are not ultimately related to the culture in which a text is found.

Interactive light and sound table: an EPS@ISEP project

Interactive products are appealing objects in a technology-driven society and the offer in the market is wide and varied. Most of the existing interactive products only provide either light or sound experiences. Therefore, the goal of this project was to develop a product aimed for children combining both features. This project was developed by a team of four thirdyear students with different engineering backgrounds and nationalities during the European Project Semester at ISEP (EPS@ISEP) in 2012. This paper presents the process that led to the development of an interactive sound table that combines nine identical interaction blocks, a control block and a sound block. Each interaction block works independently and is composed of four light emitting diodes (LED) and one infrared (IR) sensor. The control is performed by an Arduino microcontroller and the sound block includes a music shield and a pair of loud speakers. A number of tests were carried out to assess whether the controller, IR sensors, LED, music shield and speakers work together properly and if the ensemble was a viable interactive light and sound device for children.

Table perpétuelle des textes législatifs... Publication trimestrielle de mise au courant...

1937/07 (N3).

Table perpétuelle des textes législatifs... Publication trimestrielle de mise au courant...

1939/10 (N4).

Table perpétuelle des textes législatifs... Publication trimestrielle de mise au courant...

1939/01 (N1).

Table perpétuelle des textes législatifs... Publication trimestrielle de mise au courant...

1941/10 (N4).

Table perpétuelle des textes législatifs... Publication trimestrielle de mise au courant...

1937/01 (N1).

Table perpétuelle des textes législatifs... Publication trimestrielle de mise au courant...

1929/07-1929/10.