Desenvolvendo e gerenciando compostagem de resíduos sólidos urbanos: para geração de renda e repasse de tecnologia à acrevi

Nowadays, as well as in the past decades, the dumping of biodegradable organic waste in landfill is common practice in Brazil, as well as in most parts of the world. Nevertheless due to its rapid decomposition and release of odors, this practice hamper’s the operation and implementation of a recycling system. These facts encouraged our research to find an efficient system for the management of organic waste, not only for the use of official workers responsible for managing these wastes, but also for non-governmental institutions. The Recycling for Life Community Association – ACREVI (Associação Comunitária Reciclando para a Vida), together with the municipal authorities of Mossoró-RN, Brazil, have assumed the social role of collecting and recycling solid waste produced by most of the local population. However, it was observed that the organic waste it collected was not receiving any treatment. This present work aims to make compost with mixed waste (green waste and organic household), and then do chemical analysis of the material in view to use the waste as organic fertilizer. The objective being: to share the knowledge acquired by putting it into a very simple language accessible to people with little education. The experiment was conducted at ACREVI, Mossoró (RN), and the compost was obtained following the method "windrow", forming three cells (I, II, III) with conical shape, dimensions of 1.6 meters and 2.0 meters in diameter for cells I and II, and 1.0 meters high and 2.0 meters in diameter for cell III. The process was accompanied by analysis: CHN elemental, a variation of cell temperature, humidity, pH, TKN, bulk density, nutrients and heavy metals. Stabilized organic compounds reached the C/N ratio of 10.4/1 cell I and 10.4/1 in the cell II in the cell, showing how good soil conditions, with potential to improve the physical properties of any soil and pH acid soils, has presented the cell III at the end of the process the C/N 26/1, is a high ratio may be associated with the stack size III, thus changing the optimal conditions for the occurrence of the process. The levels of heavy metals in the analyzed compounds were lower than those established by the SDA normative instruction, Nº 27, of 5 June, 2006. The use of pruning trees and grass are used in small-scale composting, while generating a quality compost in the final process, it also created an important condition for a correct sizing of the composting piles. Under the studied conditions it is not advisable to use cells with a height of 1.00 m in height and 2.00 m in diameter, as these do not prevent the rapid dissipation of heat and thus can not be a good product at the end of composting. The composting process in the shed of the association and the preparation of the primer enabled the development of an alternative technology to generate income for members of ACREVI.

Microrganismos patogênicos, celularidade e resíduos de antimicrobianos no leite bovino produzido no sistema orgânico

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Valor nutritivo dos alimentos utilizados na formulação de rações para peixes tropicais

A seleção de ingredientes para a formulação de dietas para peixes requer o conhecimento prévio dos coeficientes de digestibilidade aparente da energia e nutrientes. O valor nutritivo de vários alimentos tem sido investigado no Brasil e o uso de fontes alternativas não deve resultar em efeitos negativos sobre o desempenho, saúde dos peixes e qualidade da água. Diversos fatores podem afetar a digestibilidade, sendo que os coeficientes de digestibilidade aparente dos ingredientes devem ser utilizados para a formulação de rações mais precisas e econômicas.

Modificações químicas em solo solarizado, com e sem incorporação de resíduos orgânicos

The soil solarization is used in small properties as an alternative for control of phytopathogens and weeds, besides it also can affect the availability of some nutrients and phytotoxic elements in the soil. Thus, one experiment was carried out as a three-factor factorial (solarized and not solarized soil x with and without addition of vegetable residue x four collection times) for evaluation of variations of pH, organic matter, phosphorus, total nitrogen, potassium, calcium, magnesium and aluminum in a soil characterized as Distrofic Red Latosoil, in Botucatu county (SP). The incorporated vegetable residue was constituted of crop remains of kale (Brassica oleraceae var. acephala L.) fresh and triturated. Soil samples of each treatment were collected from zero to Urn of depth, at 7, 21, 35, and 49 days after solarization treatment, from January to March of 2001. Soil chemical analyses were done as well as the soil temperature were monitored on the treatments. The solarized soil with kale organic residues addition treatment presented higher values of pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and minor values of aluminum.

Determinação de fósforo biodisponível em rações de peixes utilizando extração assistida por ultra-som e espectrofotometria no visível

The aim of the present work was to develop and optimize a method for determination of bioavailable phosphorus in samples of feces and fish feed using ultrasound extraction and subsequent quantification by visible spectrophotometry. Using as extractor solution HNO(3) 0.50 mol L(-1), the great conditions of extraction established were: sample mass - 100 mg, samples granulometry - < 60 mu m, sonification time - five cycles of 40 s and ultrasound potency - 136 W. The proposed method was applied in studies of digestibility of this nutrient in different feeds used in diets of juvenile of Nile tilapia.

Produção de biotensoativos a partir de resíduos de óleos e gorduras

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Compartilhamento de recursos por duas espécies de peixes nectobentônicas de riachos na bacia do rio Cachoeira (BA)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Reprodução de peixes (Osteichthyes) em afluentes do reservatório de Volta Grande, Rio Grande, Sudeste do Brasil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Diversidade e ocorrência de peixes na área de influência da UHE Mogi Guaçu e lagoas marginais, bacia do alto rio Paraná, São Paulo, Brasil

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Alimentação de peixes na microbacia do Ribeirão Grande, Serra da Mantiqueira oriental, SP

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Distribuição de peixes na microbacia do Ribeirão Grande, Serra da Mantiqueira Oriental, São Paulo, Brasil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Caracterização dos óleos de algumas sementes de frutas como aproveitamento de resíduos industriais

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Peixes de riacho do parque estadual Morro do Diabo, Bacia do Alto Rio Paraná, SP

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Alimentação de peixes: proposta para análise de itens registrados em conteúdos gástricos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)