e-Leadership through strategic alignment: an empirical study of small and medium sized enterprises in the digital age

Small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) play an important role in the European economy. A critical challenge faced by SME leaders, as a consequence of the continuing digital technology revolution, is how to optimally align business strategy with digital technology to fully leverage the potential offered by these technologies in pursuit of longevity and growth. There is a paucity of empirical research examining how e-leadership in SMEs drives successful alignment between business strategy and digital technology fostering longevity and growth. To address this gap, in this paper we develop an empirically derived e-leadership model. Initially we develop a theoretical model of e-leadership drawing on strategic alignment theory. This provides a theoretical foundation on how SMEs can harness digital technology in support of their business strategy enabling sustainable growth. An in-depth empirical study was undertaken interviewing 42 successful European SME leaders to validate, advance and substantiate our theoretically driven model. The outcome of the two stage process – inductive development of a theoretically driven e-leadership model and deductive advancement to develop a complete model through in-depth interviews with successful European SME leaders – is an e-leadership model with specific constructs fostering effective strategic alignment. The resulting diagnostic model enables SME decision makers to exercise effective e-leadership by creating productive alignment between business strategy and digital technology improving longevity and growth prospects.

The effect of an external auditory stimulus on postural stability of participants with cochlear implants

Postural control was evaluated in cochlear implant participants with and without amplification under several auditory paradigms. Speed of sway was recorded in each condition by means of Computerized Dynamic Posturography. Results indicate that an external sound source significantly improves balance in patients with cochlear implants.

Alignment-based extraction of multiword expressions

Due to idiosyncrasies in their syntax, semantics or frequency, Multiword Expressions (MWEs) have received special attention from the NLP community, as the methods and techniques developed for the treatment of simplex words are not necessarily suitable for them. This is certainly the case for the automatic acquisition of MWEs from corpora. A lot of effort has been directed to the task of automatically identifying them, with considerable success. In this paper, we propose an approach for the identification of MWEs in a multilingual context, as a by-product of a word alignment process, that not only deals with the identification of possible MWE candidates, but also associates some multiword expressions with semantics. The results obtained indicate the feasibility and low costs in terms of tools and resources demanded by this approach, which could, for example, facilitate and speed up lexicographic work.

Constructive alignment in Computer Engineering and Informatics departments at Dalarna University : An empirical investigation

Background: Constructive alignment (CA) is a pedagogical approach that emphasizes the alignment between the intended learning outcomes (ILOs), teaching and learning activities (TLAs) and assessment tasks (ATs) as well as creation of a teaching/learning environment where students will be able to actively create their knowledge. Objectives: This paper aims at investigating the extent of constructively-aligned courses in Computer Engineering and Informatics department at Dalarna University, Sweden. This study is based on empirical observations of teacher’s perceptions of implementation of CA in their courses. Methods: Ten teachers (5 from each department) were asked to fill a paper-based questionnaire, which included a number of questions related to issues of implementing CA in courses. Results: Responses to the items of the questionnaire were mixed. Teachers clearly state the ILOs in their courses and try to align the TLAs and ATs to the ILOs. Computer Engineering teachers do not explicitly communicate the ILOs to the students as compared to Informatics teachers. In addition, Computer Engineering teachers stated that their students are less active in learning activities as compared to Informatics teachers. When asked about their subjective ratings of teaching methods all teachers stated that their current teaching is teacher-centered but they try to shift the focus of activity from them to the students. Conclusions: From teachers’ perspectives, the courses are partially constructively-aligned. Their courses are “aligned”, i.e. ILOs, TLAs and ATs are aligned to each other but they are not “constructive” since, according to them, there was a low student engagement in learning activities, especially in Computer Engineering department.

Revising the Program Portfolio: Elevating Academic Program Performance and Strategic Alignment

At many institutions, program review is an underproductive exercise. Review of existing programs is often a check-the-box formality, with inconsistent criteria and little connection to institutional priorities or funding considerations. Decisions about where to concentrate resources across the portfolio can be highly politicized. This report profiles how academic planning exemplars use program review as a strategic tool, integrating data on academic quality, student demand, and resource utilization to improve the economics of challenged programs and prioritize programs for investment and expansion.

Programa postural para escolares do ensino fundamental

É sabido que crianças e adolescentes podem ser acometidas de dor nas costas de forma aguda ou até mesmo crônica (SALMINEN, PENTTI E TERHO, 1992; KRISTJÁNDÓTTIR, 1996; WEDDERKOPP et al. 2001). Essa ocorrência muitas vezes está associada às atividades escolares que fazem parte do cotidiano desta população (SOUZA, ÁVILA E MORO, 1999; GRIMMER E WILLIAMS, 2000). Os programas de prevenção, baseados nos princípios da Escola Postural (SOUZA, 1996), podem ser uma alternativa para minimizar os efeitos provocados pela repetição excessiva dos movimentos, na medida em que os discute e pratica de forma biomecanicamente adaptada a sua realidade (MÉNDEZ E GÓMEZ-CONESA, 2001; CARDON, DE CLERCQ E BOURDEAUDHUIJ, 2002). Este trabalho situa-se nessa perspectiva. Seu objetivo foi verificar a influência do Programa Postural para Escolares do Ensino Fundamental na (1) execução e (2) aplicação das Atividades de Vida Diária (AVD’S) dos escolares, na (3) forma como percebem e justificam suas posturas frente a algumas tarefas escolares cotidianas e na (4) Amplitude de Movimento Articular do tornozelo, quadril e coluna lombar. A amostra foi composta de um grupo controle (n=29; idade média=15,38 anos ±0,97) e um grupo experimental (n=32; idade média=14 anos ±0,93), selecionados intencionalmente. O Programa postural consistiu em vinte encontros de 50 minutos cada, duas vezes por semana. Os encontros eram teórico-práticos e abordavam as atividades de vida diária relacionadas ao cotidiano escolar: sentar, permanecer sentado, permanecer sentado para escrever em sala de aula, transportar o material escolar e pegar objetos leves e pesados do chão Foram seis os instrumentos utilizados para avaliar o programa: (1) Observação das Atividades de Vida Diária através de Vídeo (ROCHA e SOUZA, 1999); (2) Questionário sobre as Atividades de Vida Diária – Versão para os Escolares; (3) Observação da Postura Sentada para Escrever em Sala de Aula; (4) Questionário sobre as Atividades de Vida Diária – Versão para os Pais; (5) Entrevista sobre as respostas dos escolares ao seus questionários sobre as AVD’S e (6) mensuração da Amplitude de Movimento Articular do tornozelo, quadril e coluna lombar. Os grupos realizaram todas as avaliações tanto no pré-teste quanto no pós-teste mas apenas o grupo experimental participou do programa postural. Os resultados mostraram que o Programa Postural influenciou significativamente o grupo experimental nas Atividades de Vida Diária (Instrumento 1; p≤0,004), nas tarefas de sentar e sentar para escrever (Instrumento 2; p≤0,02) e na postura sentada para escrever em sala de aula (Instrumento 3; p=0,001). Além disso, as respostas dos alunos às entrevistas mostraram que houve modificação qualitativa na forma de analisar as posições assumidas no ambiente escolar. Não foi observada influência estatisticamente significativa do Programa no questionário sobre as atividades de vida diária – versão para os pais (Instrumento 4) e na avaliação das amplitudes de movimento articular (Instrumento 6). Concluiu-se com este estudo que o Programa Postural para Escolares do Ensino Fundamental foi eficiente na melhoria da execução das AVD’s dos participantes, especialmente nos atos de sentar e permanecer sentado para escrever, assim como, na aplicação da postura sentada para escrever em sala de aula.