Report of the Working Group on Introductions and Transfers of Marine Organisms (WGITMO). 16-18 March 2016 Olbia, Italy

The 42th meeting of the ICES Working Group on Introductions and Transfers of Marine Organisms (WGITMO) was held in Olbia, Italy, 16–18 March 2016, with Anna Occhipinti-Ambrogi as host and Henn Ojaveer as chairperson. Representatives from 19 countries participated in the meeting. Attendants were from Belgium, Canada, Dennark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Lithuania, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom and United States. Sweden contributed by cor-respondence. The objectives of the meeting were to update information and discuss several aspects related to the introductions and transfers of non-indigenous aquatic species. Data and information management were two of the discussion topics of the meeting, with special focus on the better exploitation of the ‘Information system on aquatic non-indigenous and cryptogenic species’ (AquaNIS). The WGITMO also dedicated time for addressing the MSFD D2 issues: indicator on new non-indigenous species introduced by human activities, and opportunities and problems related to cross-regional comparison of non-indigenous species indicators. Preparation of the manuscript of the alert report on sea squirt Didemnum vexillum, which is to be published in ICES CRR series, was discussed and the steps to be taken to finalise the report were agreed. As usual, adequate time was devoted to discuss national reports, to exchange of information on the management of NIS and to review ongoing and planned research activities. The approach taken during the meeting facilitated presentations and discussions on the issues of relevance related to the Terms of References as well as on a few generic and strategically-important issues of general relevance to bioinvasions. The meeting began with a full-day joint meeting with the Working Group on Ballast and Other Ship Vectors (WGBOSV), which provided an opportunity to discuss and address issues of common interest, such as shipping and biofouling as introduction vectors. The proposed ICES demonstration advice on ‘Risk management of non-indigenous species associated with shipping in the Arctic’ was discussed, and edits were suggested for both the orientation of the demonstration advice as well as for the exact questions to be asked. Both working groups agreed that the practice of conducting back-to-back meetings with one joint day is useful and will continue in 2017. All Terms of References to be addressed for 2016 were discussed. For some Terms of Ref-erence, more detailed presentations were given, and a short overview of the information and subsequent discussion is provided herein at the end of each section. This report is structured so that each Term of Reference is dealt with in sequential order. The main body of the report contains summaries of the presentations and discussions with the more detailed documents being contained in the Annexes. WGITMO progressed each of the Terms of Reference by either completing the task or clearly identifying and agreeing on the inter-sessional activities required to still finalise the work in 2016. From 2017, WGITMO will be shifted to multi-annual management.

Diseño de un plan estratégico de mercadotécnia para la sociedad cooperativa de productores, transformadores y comercializadores de productos del mar de R.L. de C.V. (SOCOMAR)ubicada en la Bahía de Jiquilisco, departamento de Usulután.

La acuicultura en nuestro país, a pesar de las deficiencias que posee, representa la principal fuente de ingreso económico para una gran cantidad de familias, que habitan en la Bahía de Jiquilisco, departamento de Usulután. Las cooperativas productoras de camar��n marino, son parte vital de esta actividad, las cuales en alguna medida contribuyen a la sostenibilidad económica de la misma población, pero es evidente que no poseen los recursos, ni el asesoramiento adecuado para ejecutar planes de comercialización. Por lo tanto, como una alianza estratégica, algunas cooperativas, bajo la gestión de la Asociación Salvadoreña de Desarrollo Campesino (ASDEC), crearon la Sociedad Cooperativa de Productores, Transformadores y Comercializadores de Productos del Mar, de RL de CV, (SOCOPOMAR); que actualmente es conformado por 18 cooperativas. Quien hoy en día afronta ausencia de estrategias en el área administrativa, contable y de mercadeo, lo que conlleva a perder la oportunidad de ser competitiva en la colocación del producto en el mercado. Motivo por el cual, se ha desarrollado la presente investigación tomando de referencia las deficiencias de dicha sociedad, para la cual se propuso un “Plan Estratégico de Mercadotecnia” como una herramienta administrativa, que les permita comercializar el camar��n marino en otros mercados. Por otra parte, la recolección de información se llevó a cabo a través de fuentes de información primaria, utilizando técnicas de investigación como la encuesta que fueron destinadas a cada representante de las cooperativas productoras de camar��n marino que conforman a SOCOPOMAR, así como también a consumidores finales de las Colonias Miramonte, Miralvalle, Bernal, Satélite y Centro América ubicadas en el sector Nor-Poniente del Municipio de San Salvador, la entrevista que fue dirigida al Gerente Regional de la Asociación Salvadoreña de Desarrollo Campesino (ASDEC) y la observación directa. La fuente Secundaria de información fue obtenida mediante consultas bibliográficas. Inmediatamente después de recolectar la información, se procedió al análisis de los resultados, que permitió conocer la situación actual de la Sociedad revelando fortalezas, debilidades, oportunidades y amenazas del ambiente interno y externo en el que se desenvuelve. Una vez realizado la anterior, se pudo concluir que no cuenta con un “Plan Estratégico de Mercadotecnia”; para el camar��n marino, una filosofía empresarial bien definida, tampoco poseen un método para la fijación de precio que les permita recuperar sus costos y obtener un margen de utilidad, ni un canal de distribución que les permita llevar el producto hasta los consumidores finales.

Biomasa y distribución del calamar gigante (Dosidicus gigas) en el mar peruano aplicando el método hidroacústico: 1999 - verano 2015.

La biomasa y distribución espacial del calamar gigante o pota (Dosidicus gigas) estimada mediante el método hidroacústico fue variable entre 1999 y 2015. La biomasa promedio en las estaciones de verano fluctuó entre 500.000 y 800.000 toneladas (t) a excepción del 2004 y 2005 cuando se estimaron las mayores abundancias con 1,7 millones de t y 1,6 millones de t, respectivamente. Las menores abundancias en verano, correspondieron a los años 2000, 2013 y 2014 con alrededor de 100.000 t. Durante la primavera, las mayores abundancias se registraron en el 2001 (863.000 t) y 2002 (879.000 t). En invierno, las biomasas fluctuaron entre 4.000 t (2010) y 560.000 t (2001). La variabilidad de la distribución espacial de la pota estuvo asociada a parámetros oceanográficos, influenciada principalmente por el frente oceánico y las masas de Aguas Subtropicales Superficiales (ASS); así como a isotermas de 18 °C a 25 °C e isohalinas de 34,8 ups a 35,5 ups.

Ban yue 半月 (The Half Moon Journal) Vol 4 No 19 (18 Sep, 1925)

A bimonthly literary magazine edited by Zhou Shoujuan 周瘦鵑, featuring fiction, topical articles, and entertainment features, published from September 1921 through November 1925.

Ban yue 半月 (The Half Moon Journal) Vol 4 No 21 (18 Oct, 1925)

A bimonthly literary magazine edited by Zhou Shoujuan 周瘦鵑, featuring fiction, topical articles, and entertainment features, published from September 1921 through November 1925.

Ban yue 半月 (The Half Moon Journal) Vol 4 No 18 (02 Sep, 1925)

A bimonthly literary magazine edited by Zhou Shoujuan 周瘦鵑, featuring fiction, topical articles, and entertainment features, published from September 1921 through November 1925.

Ban yue 半月 (The Half Moon Journal) Vol 4 No 7 (24 Mar, 1925)

A bimonthly literary magazine edited by Zhou Shoujuan 周瘦鵑, featuring fiction, topical articles, and entertainment features, published from September 1921 through November 1925.

Ban yue 半月 (The Half Moon Journal) Vol 4 No 6 (09 Mar, 1925)

A bimonthly literary magazine edited by Zhou Shoujuan 周瘦鵑, featuring fiction, topical articles, and entertainment features, published from September 1921 through November 1925.

Ban yue 半月 (The Half Moon Journal) Vol 3 No 13 (19 Mar, 1924)

A bimonthly literary magazine edited by Zhou Shoujuan 周瘦鵑, featuring fiction, topical articles, and entertainment features, published from September 1921 through November 1925.

Ban yue 半月 (The Half Moon Journal) Vol 3 No 15 (18 Apr, 1924)

A bimonthly literary magazine edited by Zhou Shoujuan 周瘦鵑, featuring fiction, topical articles, and entertainment features, published from September 1921 through November 1925.

Ban yue 半月 (The Half Moon Journal) Vol 3 No 17 (18 May, 1924)

A bimonthly literary magazine edited by Zhou Shoujuan 周瘦鵑, featuring fiction, topical articles, and entertainment features, published from September 1921 through November 1925.

Ban yue 半月 (The Half Moon Journal) Vol 3 No 18 (02 Jun, 1924)

A bimonthly literary magazine edited by Zhou Shoujuan 周瘦鵑, featuring fiction, topical articles, and entertainment features, published from September 1921 through November 1925.

Ban yue 半月 (The Half Moon Journal) Vol 2 No 14 (31 Mar, 1923)

A bimonthly literary magazine edited by Zhou Shoujuan 周瘦鵑, featuring fiction, topical articles, and entertainment features, published from September 1921 through November 1925.

Ban yue 半月 (The Half Moon Journal) Vol 2 No 18 (30 May, 1923)

A bimonthly literary magazine edited by Zhou Shoujuan 周瘦鵑, featuring fiction, topical articles, and entertainment features, published from September 1921 through November 1925.

Ban yue 半月 (The Half Moon Journal) Vol 2 No 12 (02 Mar, 1923)

A bimonthly literary magazine edited by Zhou Shoujuan 周瘦鵑, featuring fiction, topical articles, and entertainment features, published from September 1921 through November 1925.