Levantamento epidemiológico e virológico de casos suspeitos de poliomielite no Hospital Estadual Jesus, no período de janeiro de 1967 a março de 1968

Os autores apresentam os resultados de isolamento de poliovírus de crianças com suspeita de poliomielite paralítica no Isolamento do Hospital Estadual Jesus do Estado da Guanabara. Nas 188 amostras computadas apresentaram-se 79 positivas, destas 73,5% de poliovírus tipo I, 25,3% do tipo II e 1,2% do tipo III. Os autores mostram no Gráfico 1, um aumento da incidência da poliomielite a partir dos últimos meses no ano de 1967. Chamam a atenção para o grande número de casos no grupo etário de 0-3 anos (Gráfico 2); colocam ainda em questão o melhor equacionamento do problema das vacinações (Tabela 1), com estudos laboratoriais de avaliação da vacina Sabin. O estudo da procedência e sexo das crianças não permitiu maiores conclusões, sendo levantada também a relação da idade com a incidência da poliomielite (Tabela 2), bem como a necessidade de se realizar estudos para outros enterovírus, presentes na população infantil da área estudada.

Incindência de Himenolepíase nana e Taenia sp. no Instituto de Medicina Tropical da U. F. Pernambuco no período de 1968 a 1970

Os Autores realizando um levantamento coproparasitológico no Instituto de Medicina Tropical da U.F.Pe., com relação a incidência de Hymenolepis nana e Taenia sp no período de 1968 a 1970, encontram índice de infestação muito baixo, em tôrno de 0,05% a 2,7% para Taenia sp e 0,36% para Hymenolepis nana.

Temperature and atmospheric pressure may be considered as predictors for the occurrence of bacillary dysentery in Guangzhou, Southern China

Introduction The control of bacillary dysentery (BD) remains a big challenge for China. Methods Negative binomial multivariable regression was used to study relationships between meteorological variables and the occurrence of BD during the period of 2006-2012. Results Each 1°C rise of temperature corresponded to an increase of 3.60% (95%CI, 3.03% to 4.18%) in the monthly number of BD cases, whereas a 1 hPa rise in atmospheric pressure corresponded to a decrease in the number of BD cases by 2.85% (95%CI = 3.34% to 2.37% decrease). Conclusions Temperature and atmospheric pressure may be considered as predictors for the occurrence of BD in Guangzhou.

Portugal (1928-1968) : Um Filme de J. Leitão de Barros

Apoio financeiro da FCT e do FSE no âmbito do III Quadro Comunitário de Apoio

Emergência de plântulas de Astrocaryum aculeatum G. May. em função da temperatura e do período de embebição das sementes

O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a emergência de plântulas de Astrocaryum aculeatum a partir de sementes submetidas a diferentes temperaturas e períodos de embebição. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 4 (temperaturas de embebição em água: 25ºC, 30ºC, 35ºC e 40ºC) X 3 (períodos de embebição: 2, 4 e 6 dias), com testemunha (sem embebição) e com quatro repetições. As semeaduras foram realizadas em viveiro. A emergência e o índice de velocidade de emergência só diferiram entre a testemunha e os tratamentos aplicados, independentes do período e da temperatura, com resultados favoráveis para a embebição das sementes. O tempo médio de emergência apresentou efeito de interação significativo, destacando-se a utilização da temperatura de embebição de 40ºC, associada ao período de 4 dias, que proporcionou um menor tempo médio (163 dias). O tempo inicial de emergência foi menor na temperatura de 35ºC (80 dias), enquanto o tempo final de emergência não apresentou diferença entre as médias. Sementes embebidas por 2 dias apresentaram 50% de sementes mortas ao final do experimento, enquanto as embebidas por 4 dias, apenas 38%. A emergência de plântulas de A. aculeatum foi favorecida pela embebição, independente da temperatura e do período utilizados.

Improving diagnostic yield in obscure gastrointestinal bleeding - how virtual chromoendoscopy may be the answer

Background and aim: A significant proportion of patients presenting with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB) have negative small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) examinations, and yet remain at risk of rebleeding. We aimed to evaluate whether a second-look review of SBCE images using flexible spectral color enhancement (FICE) may improve the detection of potentially bleeding lesions. Materials and methods: This was a retrospective, single-center study including consecutive patients with OGIB subjected to SBCE, whose standard white light examination was nondiagnostic. Each SBCE was reviewed using FICE 1. New findings were labeled as either P1 or P2 lesions according to bleeding potential. Patients were followed up to assess the incidence of rebleeding. Results: A total of 42 consecutive patients were included. Sixteen patients (38%) experienced rebleeding after a mean follow-up of 26 months. Review of SBCE images using FICE 1 enabled the identification of previously unrecognized P2 lesions, mainly angioectasias, in nine patients (21%) and P1 lesions, mainly erosions, in 26 patients (62%). Among patients who experienced rebleeding, 13/16 (81%) were diagnosed with P1 lesions with FICE 1 (P=0.043), whereas 3/16 (19%) had confirmed nondiagnostic SBCE and only 1/16 (6%) had newly diagnosed P2 (plus P1) lesions. An alternative source of bleeding outside the small bowel was found in only 3/16 (19%) patients with rebleeding during the follow-up. Conclusion: In a significant proportion of patients with OGIB, FICE 1 may detect potentially bleeding lesions previously missed under conventional white light SBCE. Review of nondiagnostic SBCE with FICE 1 may be a valuable strategy to obviate the need for further investigations in patients with OGIB, particularly for those who experience rebleeding.

Catalogue of birds of the Americas and the adjacent islands in Field Museum of Natural History. including all species and subspecies known to occur in North America, Mexico, Central America, South America, the West Indies, and islands of the Caribbean Sea, the Galapagos Archipelago, and other islands which may properly be included on account of their faunal affinities /

v.13:pt.2:no.1(1918)

Synchronous reproduction may facilitate introgression in a hybrid mussel (Mytilus) population

Mussel populations on the Irish Atlantic coast comprise an interbreeding mixture of the blue mussel, Mytilus edulis (L.) and the Mediterranean mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis (Lmk.). The occurrence of hybrid genotypes varies between sites but can be as high 80%. This study compares the reproductive cycle of M. edulis, M. galloprovincialis and their hybrids to determine if the extensive hybridisation observed at Irish Atlantic coast sites is linked to spawning synchrony between the two taxa. Mussels (40-45 mm size class) were collected monthly from a sheltered shore in Galway Bay from January to December 2005. Two major spawning events (March- June and September-October) were observed and gametogenesis took place throughout the year. The spawning cycles of the three taxa were largely overlapping. Small differences were observed in the timing of peak spawning which occurred in March and October in M. galloprovincialis and in May-June and September in M.edulis. Spawning of hybrid individuals was intermediate between the parental genotypes. Fecundity was slightly higher in M. galloprovincialis females compared to the other taxa (up to 30% difference, p<0.05). This apparent advantage is not shared by the sexes and is likely being offset by high numbers of hybrid genotypes releasing gametes during peak spawning of M. galloprovincialis. There was no evidence for increased mortality in hybrid males; sex ratios did not deviate from the 1:1 ratio. The results show that in this region of the hybrid zone the timing of reproduction does not present a barrier to gene flow between M. edulis and M. galloprovincialis. Nonetheless, small differences in the timing of peak spawning may increase the likelihood of conspecific fertilisation at certain times of the year. Hybrids outnumber the parental genotypes, undergo complete gametogenesis and show no evidence of depressed fitness (i.e. hybrids are reproductively competent suggesting a high degree of introgression.