The minimum wage, its relationship to incomes and poverty /

Title cover.

Laundry and cleaning services; data pertinent to an evaluation of the need for and the feasibility of extending the minimum wage.

Appendix (p. L 1-L 40): Tables prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, summarizing data obtained in the survey conducted for the Wage and Hour Division.

(Table 3) Boron and chlorine in atmospheric moisture and rain water collected on the shore of the Golubaya Bay in 1970

Boron and chlorine were determined in rain water and in atmospheric moisture condensed in a "Saratov" refrigerator. Ocean is the main source of boron on the earth surface. Boron evaporates from the ocean and enriches atmospheric precipitation: B/Cl ratio of ocean water (0.00024) increases by factor of 10-15. Assuming that the average Cl content in global river runoff is 7.8 mg/l and boron content 0.013 mgl, B/Cl ratio in this runoff is 0.0017. The average B/Cl ratio in rain water of the Golubaya (Blue) Bay (Gelendzhik, Black Sea region) is 0.0026 and in condensates of atmospheric moisture during onshore and offshore winds in the same region it averages from 0.0029 to 0.0033. The maximum boron content in the condensates of this region during onshore winds was 0.032 mg/l and the minimum during offshore winds, 0.004 mg/l. /Cl ratio in sea water over the Atlantic Ocean and in the Gelendzhik area of the Black Sea varied within narrow range, mostly from 0.0025 to 0.0035. Similar B/Cl ratio (0.0024) was found for atmospheric precipitation on the slope of the Terskei Ala-Tau near the Issyk-Kul Lake in 1969. Thus, although chemistries of boron and chlorine (in chlorides) are very different, the B/Cl ratio in the atmosphere is fairly constant. This can be taken as a confirmation of an assumption that salt composition of sea water passes into the atmosphere in molecularly dispersed state. Supposing that the ocean-atmosphere system is in equilibrium as regards to the boron budget, it can be assumed that the same amount of boron passes from the ocean into bottom sediments and from lithosphere rocks and soils into the hydrosphere.

Microhardness mapping and the hardness-yield strength relationship in high-pressure diecast magnesium alloy AZ91

Microhardness maps of cross-sections of high-pressure diecast test bars of AZ91 have been determined. Specimens with rectangular cross-sections, 1, 2 and 3 mm thick, or with a circular cross-section 6.4 mm in diameter, have been studied. The hardness is generally higher near the edges in all specimens, and more so near the corners of the rectangular specimens. The hardness at the center of the castings is generally lower, due to a coarser solidification microstructure and the concentration of porosity. The evidence confirms that the surface of the castings is harder than the core, but it does not support the concept of a skin with a sharp. and definable boundary. This harder layer is irregular in hardness and depth and is not equally hard on opposite sides of the casting. The mean hardness obtained by integrating the microhardness maps over the entire cross-section increased with decreasing thickness of the bars, and was found to be in good correlation with each bar's yield strength. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Development of the Minimum Information Specification for in situ Hybridization and Immunohistochemistry Experiments (MISFISHIE)

We describe the creation process of the Minimum Information Specification for In Situ Hybridization and Immunohistochemistry Experiments (MISFISHIE). Modeled after the existing minimum information specification for microarray data, we created a new specification for gene expression localization experiments, initially to facilitate data sharing within a consortium. After successful use within the consortium, the specification was circulated to members of the wider biomedical research community for comment and refinement. After a period of acquiring many new suggested requirements, it was necessary to enter a final phase of excluding those requirements that were deemed inappropriate as a minimum requirement for all experiments. The full specification will soon be published as a version 1.0 proposal to the community, upon which a more full discussion must take place so that the final specification may be achieved with the involvement of the whole community. This paper is part of the special issue of OMICS on data standards.

The influence of die temperature and hardness on the wear of no. 5 die steel under hot forging conditions

DUE TO COPYRIGHT RESTRICTIONS ONLY AVAILABLE FOR CONSULTATION AT ASTON UNIVERSITY LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICES WITH PRIOR ARRANGEMENT

Maximum Principle and Its Application for the Time-Fractional Diffusion Equations

MSC 2010: 26A33, 33E12, 35B45, 35B50, 35K99, 45K05 Dedicated to Professor Rudolf Gorenflo on the occasion of his 80th anniversary

Measuring graph similarity through continuous-time quantum walks and the quantum Jensen-Shannon divergence

In this paper we propose a quantum algorithm to measure the similarity between a pair of unattributed graphs. We design an experiment where the two graphs are merged by establishing a complete set of connections between their nodes and the resulting structure is probed through the evolution of continuous-time quantum walks. In order to analyze the behavior of the walks without causing wave function collapse, we base our analysis on the recently introduced quantum Jensen-Shannon divergence. In particular, we show that the divergence between the evolution of two suitably initialized quantum walks over this structure is maximum when the original pair of graphs is isomorphic. We also prove that under special conditions the divergence is minimum when the sets of eigenvalues of the Hamiltonians associated with the two original graphs have an empty intersection.

(Tables 4-5, page 160) REE contents in ferromanganese concretions from the Gulf of Bothnia and the Barents Sea

Ferromanganese concretions from the Svalbard shelf in the Barents Sea show slightly convex shale-normalized REE patterns with no Eu anomalies. Concretions from the Gulf of Bothnia, northern part of the Baltic Sea, exhibit an enrichment of light REE and negative Eu anomalies. This difference is interpreted as a consequence of different conveyor mechanisms of the REE to the sediment. It is suggested that dissolving biogenic debris contributes to the convex pattern obtained in the Barents Sea, whereas an inorganic suspended fraction with scavenged REE is the main carrier in the Gulf of Bothnia. During oxic diagenesis in the sediment, the scavenged REE are set free into the porewater and contribute to the distribution pattern in concretions found in the Gulf of Bothnia. Small Mn-rich spheroidal concretions are enriched two to five times in REE compared to average shale, whereas Mn-poor flat concretions are low in REE. Specific surface area of the concretion and the depth of burial in the oxidized surface sediment are two factors that strongly affect the enrichment of the REE. Weak Ce anomalies are present in the analysed concretions and a redox level dependence is seen.