999 resultados para Geomorfologia - Mapas Mapas
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The land suitability evaluation is used to establish land zonings for agriculture activities. Geographic information systems (GIS) are useful for integrating different attributes necessaries to define apt and not apt lands. The present study had as main objective to describe procedures to define land suitability using GIS tools, soils maps and data soils profiles data, emphasizing procedures to define soil atributes. The area studied was the watershed of Córrego Espraiado, Ribeirão Preto-SP, located on the recharging area of the Guarani Aquifer, with approximately 4,130 ha and predominance of sugar cane culture. The database project was developed using the GIS Idrisi 32. The land suitability evaluation was done considering the intensive agricultural production system predominant in the watershed, adjusted for the vulnerability of the areas of recharge and for the methodology of GIS tools. Numerical terrain models (NTM) had been constructed for cation exchange capacity, basis saturation, clay content and silt+clay content using kriging (geostatistical interpolator), and for aluminum saturation using the inverse-square-distance. Boolean operations for handling geographic fields (thematic maps and NTM) to produce information plans are described and a land suitability map obtained by GIS tools is presented, indicating that 85% of watershed lands are apt to annual cultures.
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Human activities are altering greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere and causing global climate change. The issue of impacts of human-induced climate change has become increasingly important in recent years. The objective of this work was to develop a database of climate information of the future scenarios using a Geographic Information System (GIS) tools. Future scenarios focused on the decades of the 2020?s, 2050?s, and 2080?s (scenarios A2 and B2) were obtained from the General Circulation Models (GCM) available on Data Distribution Centre from the Third Assessment Report (TAR) of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The TAR is compounded by six GCM with different spatial resolutions (ECHAM4:2.8125×2.8125º, HadCM3: 3.75×2.5º, CGCM2: 3.75×3.75º, CSIROMk2b: 5.625×3.214º, and CCSR/NIES: 5.625×5.625º). The mean monthly of the climate variables was obtained by the average from the available models using the GIS spatial analysis tools (arithmetic operation). Maps of mean monthly variables of mean temperature, minimum temperature, maximum temperature, rainfall, relative humidity, and solar radiation were elaborated adopting the spatial resolution of 0.5° X 0.5° latitude and longitude. The method of elaborating maps using GIS tools allowed to evaluate the spatial and distribution of future climate assessments. Nowadays, this database is being used in studies of impacts of climate change on plant disease of Embrapa projects.
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45 hojas : ilustraciones.
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Los azares de la guerra llevaron a este soldado y arquitecto de origen prusiano a trazar un detallado mapa de la ciudad en 1846.
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Mestrado em Arquitectura Paisagista - Instituto Superior de Agronomia - UL
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Comunicação apresentada no Congresso Nacional de Práticas Pedagógicas no Ensino Superior, 14 e 15 de Julho de 2016, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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This paper presents the implementation of a high quality real-time 3D video system intended for 3D videoconferencing -- Basically, the system is able to extract depth information from a pair of images coming from a short-baseline camera setup -- The system is based on the use of a variant of the adaptive support-weight algorithm to be applied on GPU-based architectures -- The reason to do it is to get real-time results without compromising accuracy and also to reduce costs by using commodity hardware -- The complete system runs over the GStreamer multimedia software platform to make it even more flexible -- Moreover, an autoestereoscopic display has been used as the end-up terminal for 3D content visualization
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Heat flow density determinations have been done in a large part of the surface of the planet Earth. As a consequence, new heat flow density maps and estimates of global values of heat lost through the surface of the Earth has been done. In this work, we present some problems related with this matter. In the last three decades, we have learn many things related with heat flow, but there are yet many problems without answers.
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This report aims to present the experience lived in the project "The School Pedro II in the Professional Decision of Secondary Education Students" aimed to promote professional student choice for the preparation of secondary to higher education, technical or job market with the integration of the areas of knowledge and ICT. Starting questions: How to awaken in students a vocation for academic life? How establish the connection between what students want to be in the future and to choose when isn’t a university course? How to take into account the factors that interfere in making professional student decision to build his own knowledge about your chosen profession? The experiment was performed at the State School of Elementary and Secondary Education D. Pedro II (Belem of Para State/Brazil), based on the view that knowledge must be represented in a format that requires coordination with the different forms of knowledge and the organization and use of technology. The results show that the tasks performed by students for professional choice provided information about themselves and the professional world. The conceptual map has contributed as a mediating tool of the teaching, learning and assessment and favored interest, autonomy and participation.
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Visando oferecer subsídios para a avaliação do Plano Territorial de Desenvolvimento Rural Sustentável do Ministério do Desenvolvimento Agrário este trabalho teve como objetivo a aplicação da análise de componentes principais, da análise de agrupamentos pelo método hierárquico aglomerativo e da rede neural do tipo Mapa Auto-Organizável de Kohonen na análise exploratória de resultados de simulações sociais computacionais do sistema socioterritorial ?Território Rural Sul "sergipano?. A metodologia basea-se na Sociologia da Ação Organizada e no método Soclab. As análises estatísticas mostraram que o sistema socioterritorial em questão tem estrutura simples e determinística, ou seja, apresenta um jogo social cooperativo com forte tendência à estabilidade mesmo com situações de interesses divergentes. A análise neural permitiu a caracterização das situações atípicas quando ocorrem a estabilidade do sistema social.
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O uso de tecnologias no setor florestal tem permitido dentre outras possibilidades, conhecer a real condição da floresta desempenhando o menor trabalho possível, o que garante uma maior eficiência ao se tratar, por exemplo, em tipos de amostragem no inventário florestal. A pesquisa teve como objetivo testar a eficiência da amostragem aleatória e sistemática em quatro níveis de intensidade amostral para produzir estimativas de biomassa seca acima do solo e comparar mapas de predição de biomassa com dados gerados pelo LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging). O trabalho foi realizado em uma reserva florestal de 800 ha do Campo Experimental da Embrapa Acre. Os dados foram fornecidos pela Embrapa Acre e gerados em duas fases, a primeira por meio de um inventário 100%, no qual foi utilizado para simular a amostragem na área de estudo, sendo utilizado todas as árvores vivas com DAP > 30 cm, a segunda fase através de dados LIDAR, ou seja, utilizando o perfilhamento à Laser aerotransportado. Para simular a amostragem foram utilizados três tamanhos de parcelas distintos 20mx20m, 50mx50m e 100mx100m em diferentes intensidades amostrais que foram 0,5%, 1%, 5% e 10%. O parâmetro utilizado para comparação foi o da biomassa seca acima do solo em Mg.ha-1 pelo teste Tukey, a 95% de probabilidade através do programa Minitab17 e as parcelas foram sorteadas e distribuídas por meio de simulações de instalação de parcelas utilizando o Arc GIS 10. Os dados LIDAR foram amostrados por uma empresa contratada, a partir deles foram realizados todos os modelos e a extrapolação das métricas para toda a área através do comando gridmetrics. Os mapas de predição foram confeccionados pela ferramenta de interpolação vizinhos próximos do Arc GIS 10 e as comparações entre os mapas foram feitas pela ferramenta do Arc GIS 10, Zonal statistic. A biomassa média obtida do inventário florestal foi de 155,2 Mg.ha-1, sendo que o tamanho de parcela ótimo encontrado foi de 50mx50m e os tratamentos que mais se aproximaram da média do inventário florestal foram o aleatório com intensidade amostral de 5% e o sistemático com intensidade amostral de 10%. Os tratamentos que atenderam o erro aceitável de 10% foram à amostragem aleatória com intensidades amostrais de 5% e 10% e a amostragem sistemática com intensidade amostral de 10%. Não houve diferença estatística significativa entre os tratamentos. Os mapas de vegetação baseados na biomassa que melhor representaram a biomassa seca acima do solo no tamanho de parcela 50mx50m foram na amostragem aleatória com intensidade amostral de 10%, e na amostragem sistemática com intensidades amostrais de 5% e 10%, comparando com os mapas gerados a partir do inventário 100% e dos dados LIDAR. Pode-se concluir que o tamanho ótimo de parcela foi de 50mx50m, com intensidades amostrais acima de 5% não havendo diferença entre os métodos de amostragem e que os mapas gerados pelo inventário 100% e pelos dados LIDAR foram equivalentes.
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El artículo integra los marcos teóricos de la Geografía de la Percepción y el aprendizaje significativo mediante una secuencia didáctica para la enseñanza de la cartografía en el curso Didáctica de los Estudios Sociales para educación Básica, de la carrera Diplomado en pedagogía con acento en I y II ciclos de la Educación general Básica, Universidad Nacional. El objetivo general se centró en analizar la utilidad del mapa cognitivo en la enseñanza de la cartografía, para contrastar con otos métodos tradicionales. Los resultados revelan que las configuraciones espaciales representadas en los mapas cognitivos se asemejan muy poco a las representaciones cartográficas convencionales, no obstante la metodología implementada produce aprendizaje significativoPalabras claves: Geografía de la Percepción-Aprendizaje significativo-Secuencia didáctica-Mapa cognitivo-Enseñanza de la cartografía.Abstract:The article comprises the theoretical frameworks of the Geography of Perception and significant learning by means of a didactic sequence for the teaching of cartography in the Didactic course of Social Studies for Basic education, the Diploma course of study in pedagogy with emphasis on cycles I and II of general Basic Education, Universidad Nacional. The general objective is focused on analyzing the usefulness of the cognitive map in the teaching of cartography in order to contrast it other traditional methods. The results reveal that the spatial configurations represented in the cognitive maps bear little resemblance to the conventional cartographic representations. Nevertheless, the methodology implemented produces significant learning.Key Words: Geography of Perception, significant learning, didactic sequence, cognitive map, cartography education, cartography.
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ResumenPresentamos en este artículo una reflexión sobre la producción de los significados y representaciones del espacio geográfico, a partir de una discusión sobre educación escolar en el componente curricular, Geografía en la Educación Básica. Proponemos una interrogación acerca de su aporte en la construcción de las percepciones espaciales, desencadenando este pensar especialmente sobre el uso, las limitaciones y las posibilidades reveladas en los mapas. De ese modo, invitamos a un cuestionamiento sobre las formas de utilización de ese recurso, que exige elecciones codificadas, simplificadas y representadas según criterios de escalas, símbolos y proyecciones cartográficas.Discutimos cómo la Geografía escolar utiliza los mapas y cómo propone los significados y representaciones de ese lenguaje en imagen, en la medida que son configuraciones producidas y cuyos contenidos son escogidos. Argumentamos que la educación escolar responde en gran parte a las representaciones construidas por las personas. Por eso, el presente texto es un ejercicio relevante para los educadores en general, una invitación al análisis de la utilización de los lenguajes específicos de cada área del conocimiento. Fortalecemos, de esa manera, el debate sobre las producciones de las representaciones, esenciales en los movimientos de la vida cotidiana de las personas que pasan por la escuela proyectando un currículo más abierto.Palabras clave: Aprendizaje escolar, significados, representaciones, Geografía escolar, mapa.AbstractWe present in this article a reflection on the production of meanings and representations in the geographical space, from a discussion on school education in the curriculum component, Geography in Basic Education. We propose a question about its contribution to the construction of spatial perceptions, triggering an analysis particularly about the use, limitations and opportunities revealed in the maps.Thus, we invite for discussion ways of utilizing that resource which requires encoded choices, simplified and represented according to criteria of scale, symbols and map projections. We discuss how the Geography student uses the maps and how the student applies the meanings and representations of that picture language in the settings as they are produced and whose contents are chosen.We argue that education is greatly due to the representations constructed by people. Therefore, this text is an important exercise for educators in general, an invitation to the analysis of the use of specific languages for each area of knowledge. In this way, we strengthen the debate over the production of essential representations in the movements of the daily life of the people passing through the school by projecting a more open curriculum.Key words: Elementary education, meanings, representations, school geography, maps.
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Se expone aquí una metodología, de tipo gráfica, para la elaboración de mapas de pendientes; se explica su fundamento teórico, diseño y aplicación. A la vez se citan ejemplos reales de su aplicación y las posibles ventajas en comparación con otros métodos.ABSTRACT:We expose a type of graphic methodology for the elaboration of siopes maps; thcir theoretical foundation, design and applications is explained. At the sorne time we appointment real examples of their application and the possible advantages in comparison with other methods.