O processo estético de reescritura das fábulas por Monteiro Lobato

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Atividade epilinguística em sala de aula: as interpretações naturais feitas pelos alunos

Pós-graduação em Linguística e Língua Portuguesa - FCLAR

A figurativização do trabalho nas fábulas de Esopo

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

A compreensão do sofrimento no escalpelamento: um estudo utilizando o grafismo e o teste das fábulas

Estudos sobre o escalpelamento têm sido escassos, existindo poucos nas áreas de medicina, terapia ocupacional e fisioterapia. Esses priorizam a natureza física, orgânica ou corporal do evento. Neste trabalho, estudamos o escalpelamento sob a perspectiva da Psicologia, enfocando o sofrimento psíquico e a sua expressão. Para tal, recorremos ao método clínicoqualitativo, como também elegemos dois instrumentos projetivos, o teste das fábulas de Düss e o desenho da figura humana. A pesquisa foi realizada na Fundação Santa Casa de Misericórdia do Pará, onde foram contatadas duas participantes, vítimas de acidente por escalpelamento. As pacientes foram selecionadas conforme os seguintes critérios: que tivessem sofrido o escalpelamento há mais de 6 meses, que não estivessem hospitalizadas, que apresentassem condições físicas e psicológicas para participar e que seus pais autorizassem suas participações neste estudo. Concluímos ser inegável o sofrimento psíquico manifestado por estas vítimas. Suas vidas sofreram um trágico acontecimento, sendo que o impacto produzido pelo escalpelamento se configurou como experiência única, inquestionavelmente subjetiva e marcadamente singular. Diante desta problemática constatamos não ser apenas o corpo portador de um sofrimento, mas também o psiquismo e destacamos a importância do uso dos referidos instrumentos como recursos favorecedores de sua expressão.

A fábula e o efeito-fábula na obra infantil de Monteiro Lobato

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Lendo Mitos, Fábulas, Contos - fios metafóricos da história da humanidade

A história da humanidade é contada por fios metafóricos: mitos, fábulas, contos de fada. Cada uma dessas narrativas enfoca partes dessa história e significa a realidade sob prismas diferentes: compondo sentidos, norteando ações, justificando diferentes trajetórias de vida. O trabalho com esses gêneros é explicitado em livros, sala de aula e projetos.

A leitura promovendo o uso adequado da variação linguística e do letramento

This Work focuses the importance of children‟s literature with the insertion of authors‟ like Aesopo, La Fontaine and Monteiro Lobato in the early years of elementary school, so that children could develop their reading that could bring reflections about the use of the language. It entends to show that books can give kids maturity to notice that when it comes to language there‟s not righ or wrong, but contexts that they should fit, in so that they can communicate and decrease the language prejudice. The authors studied in this study are the ones who study the language, the importance of children‟s literature and language prejudice at schools. This work was done through quantitative and qualitative approach, divided into 2 parts, observation and interventions, the research could be in touch with the observed class and get information about the students. Later the researcher could act by telling stories and get data. A third-grade class in a public school in the year of 2010, was observed during the internship in the early years of elementary school compared to another fourth grade class of another public school. The results and analisis oh the data show kids‟ lack of contact with an appropriate children‟s literature, like the fables which are short tales with moral and romance like Emília no País da Gramática by Monteiro Lobato, would make it difficult to learn the production of consistent texts and appropriate language in different contexts. Schools play an important role for kids to be in touch with these good books, so they should have the main role in the children‟s development and background, making them able to be aware of the importance of reading and writing in their lives. Most of the children found it difficult to write texts, but in the end they reached a god level of language related to the proposed context, writing consistent texts, but the part of children still mistake and in literacy and language adaptation

O ensino de língua inglesa nos primeiros anos do ensino fundamental: uma abordagem transdisciplinar

This study is a reflexive review of theories about the teaching of English to children in Elementary School, a suggestion to teach English through the Fairy Tales and Fables, associated with the study of Transversal Themes suggested by the plot in the selected stories. Based on the Communicative Approach to language were conducted a few classes with students of the 4th year of Elementary School in a private school of Bauru city. A bibliographic study was conducted in Applied Linguistics, Philosophy of Education, Psychoanalysis, Approaches to teaching Foreign Language and Theories related to foreign language acquisition

Fabulosas crônicas: La Fontaine nas crônicas de Machado de Assis

Pós-graduação em Letras - FCLAS

O emprego da literatura na educação infantil: a investigação e intervenção com professores de pré-escola

INTRODUCTION: The children's schools are expanded spaces of education and care for infants. The educator's role as mediator in learning is crucial to child development, and the use of children's books can act as an important methodological and pedagogical resource in this process. METHODS: This paper describes a psychoeducational intervention performed with the educators of a public pre-school with the following objectives: (a) register the collection of children's books of the school, (b) investigate the acquisition and use of children's books by the teachers and (c) offer an intervention to teachers regarding the educational use of children's books. The participants were seven educators who worked with children from 2 to 6 years old. RESULTS: The results indicate that among the 315 books in the school, the majority was about animal stories (75 books), fantasy and mystery (38), fairy tales and fables (34), formal learning (33), learning rules (33) and about nature and environment (22). The educators reported that the choice of books was made mainly considering the age group to which the books were directed, and also from the themes found in texts and/ or illustrations. Although the teachers believe that the books can encourage reading among children, they don't describe their use in planned activities and they report lack of knowledge about their use. CONCLUSION: The proposed intervention to the teachers allowed them to rethink the use of books in pre-school, instructing them to the utilization of the books aiming to stimulate the imagination and creativity, improving the critical and reflexive capability of the children.

Un passo indietro al Decameron e os limites intangíveis do Novellino

The narratives of Decameron, composed by Giovanni Boccacio in the 14th century, possess a popular content carefully tied together by a formal structure capable of concentrating sophisticated techniques. The present paper revisits some relation possibilities between Decameron and Novellino, an anonymous work from the 13th century, composed on the basis of fables and stories gathered mainly from the oral tradition. Our aim is not to demonstrate a genealogy of the prose and of its freedom to recover narrative situations but to reflect, by means of examples of great reverberation, on the strategies developed to make elements from the ancient tradition highly functional in the literary tradition, according to the formal resources available in each period.

Biogeographische Beziehungen zwischen den Alpen, dem Kaukasus und den asiatischen Hochgebirgen

Hintergrund: Biogeographische Verbindungen der Alpen nach Asien wurden schon im 19. Jahrhundert durch floristische Vergleiche entdeckt. Ziele: In den vorliegenden drei Artikeln wird untersucht, ob diese Verbindung entlang einer nördlichen, arktisch-borealen Route oder entlang einer südlichen Route über dazwischen liegende Gebirge wie den Kaukasus bestand. Methoden: Molekulare Phylogenien von Epimedium (Berberidaceae) und der Tribus der Hyoscyameae (Solanaceae), deren Vertreter disjunkt in den Alpen, dem Kaukasus und in asiatischen Gebirgen vorkommen, wurden mit nukleären und plastidären Markern erstellt und bio¬geographisch ausgewertet. Zur Datierung der Diversifizierungsereignisse und Arealbil¬dung diente eine molekulare Uhr. Ein aktueller floristischer Vergleich von Gattungen, die in den Alpen, den asiatischen Gebirgen und in Gebieten entlang der potentiellen Routen vor¬kom¬men, wurde unternommen und ausgewertet. Daran anschließend wurde nach molekular-phylogenetischer Literatur für interessante Gruppen aus diesem Ver¬gleich recherchiert, um diese biogeogra¬phisch bezüglich der Fragestellung zu interpretieren. Ergebnisse: Von 429 Gattungen, die in den Alpen und im Himalaya vorkommen, wachsen 218 entlang der nördlichen und der südlichen Route. 203 kommen nur entlang der süd¬lichen und drei nur entlang der nördlichen Route vor. Fünf kommen nur in den Alpen und im Himalaya vor. Epimedium, Scopolia/Physochlaina aus den Hyoscyameae und Primula sect. Auricula sind Beispiele für eine nördliche biogeographische Verbindung zwischen den Alpen und Asien. Diese bestand zumindest in den ersten beiden Fällen wahrscheinlich aus einem durchgängigen Laubwaldgürtel, der durch das abkühlende und trockener werdende Klima im Pliozän und Pleistozän fragmentiert wurde und heute nicht mehr besteht. Es handelt sich also um ein Vikarianzmuster und weniger um eine Migrationsroute. Die größere Diver¬sität dieser Guppen, die in Asien beobachtet werden kann ist sekundär entstanden. Atropa aus den Hyoscyameae, Brachypodium, die Subtribus Loliinae aus den Poaceae, Bupleurum und Doronicum sind Beispiele für eine südliche Verbindung. Hier liegen die Diversitätszentren im Mediterraneum und die Vorkommen im Osten sind abgeleitet. Schlussfolgerungen: Die Datengrundlage aus der Literaturrecherche ist nicht sehr breit und die meisten Phylogenien waren für die Fragestellung nicht aussagekräftig. Die histori¬schen Erkenntnisse und die Ideen über den Zusammenhang der Alpenflora mit der asiatischer Gebirge werden grundsätzlich bestärkt. Die Flora der Alpen enthält ein Element das über eine nördliche Verbindung noch lange mit asiatischen Gebirgen in Kontakt stand und ein südliches Element, das aus dem Mittelmeer¬raum bzw. aus SW Asien stammt. Die Beispiele für eine nördliche Verbindung sprechen allerdings nicht für eine Migration von Asien nach Europa sondern zeigen ein Vikarianzmuster auf.

Raccontare gli Antichi: le "Imagini" di Vincenzo Cartari

Con le "Imagini degli dei degli antichi", pubblicate a Venezia nel 1556 e poi in più edizioni arricchite e illustrate, l’impegnato gentiluomo estense Vincenzo Cartari realizza il primo, fortunatissimo manuale mitografico italiano in lingua volgare, diffuso e tradotto in tutta l’Europa moderna. Cartari rimodula, secondo accenti divulgativi ma fedeli, fonti latine tradizionali: come le ricche "Genealogie deorum gentilium" di Giovanni Boccaccio, l’appena precedente "De deis gentium varia et multiplex historia" di Lilio Gregorio Giraldi, i curiosi "Fasti" ovidiani, da lui stesso commentati e tradotti. Soprattutto, però, introduce il patrimonio millenario di favole ed esegesi classiche, di aperture egiziane, mediorientali, sassoni, a una chiave di lettura inedita, agile e vitalissima: l’ecfrasi. Le divinità e i loro cortei di creature minori, aneddoti leggendari e attributi identificativi si susseguono secondo un taglio iconico e selettivo. Sfilano, in trionfi intrisi di raffinato petrarchismo neoplatonico e di emblematica picta poesis rinascimentale, soltanto gli aspetti figurabili e distintivi dei personaggi mitici: perché siano «raccontate interamente» tutte le cose attinenti alle figure antiche, «con le imagini quasi di tutti i dei, e le ragioni perché fossero così dipinti». Così, le "Imagini" incontrano il favore di lettori colti e cortigiani eleganti, di pittori e ceramisti, di poeti e artigiani. Allestiscono una sorta di «manuale d’uso» pronto all’inchiostro del poeta o al pennello dell’artista, una suggestiva raccolta di «libretti figurativi» ripresi tanto dalla maniera di Paolo Veronese o di Giorgio Vasari, quanto dal classicismo dei Carracci e di Nicolas Poussin. Si rivelano, infine, summa erudita capace di attirare appunti e revisioni: l’antiquario padovano Lorenzo Pignoria, nel 1615 e di nuovo nel 1626, vi aggiunge appendici archeologiche e comparatistiche, interessate al remoto regno dei faraoni quanto agli esotici idoli orientali e dei Nuovi Mondi.

Be United, Be Virtuous: Composite Culture and the Growth of Shirdi Sai Baba Devotion

In one popular devotional poster the Indian god-man Shirdi Sai Baba (d. 1918) gazes out at the viewer, his right hand raised in blessing. Behind him are a Hindu temple, a Muslim mosque, a Sikh gurdwara, and a Christian church; above him is the slogan, “Be United, Be Virtuous.” In his lifetime, Shirdi Sai Baba acquired a handful of Hindu and Muslim devotees in western India. Over the past several decades, he has been transformed from a regional figure into a revered persona of pan-Indian significance. While much scholarship on religion in modern India has focused on Hindu nationalist groups, new religious movements seeking to challenge sectarianism have received far less attention. Drawing upon primary devotional materials and ethnographic research, this article argues that one significant reason for the rapid growth of this movement is Shirdi Sai Baba’s composite vision of spiritual unity in diversity, construed by many devotees as a needed corrective to rigid sectarian ideologies.

Im/possible Lives: Gender, Class, Self-Fashioning, and Affinal Solidarity in Modern South Asia

Drawing on ethnographic research and employing a micro-historical approach that recognizes not only the transnational but also the culturally specific manifestations of modernity, this article centers on the efforts of a young woman to negotiate shifting and conflicting discourses about what a good life might consist of for a highly educated and high caste Hindu woman living at the margins of a nonetheless globalized world. Newly imaginable worlds in contemporary Mithila,South Asia, structure feeling and action in particularly gendered and classed ways, even as the capacity of individuals to actualize those worlds and the “modern” selves envisioned within them are constrained by both overt and subtle means. In the context of shifting cultural anchors, new practices of silence, literacy, and even behaviors interpreted as “mental illness” may become tactics in an individual’s negotiation of conflicting self-representations. The confluence of forces at play in contemporary Mithila, moreover, is creating new structures of feeling that may begin to reverse long-standing locally held assumptions about strong solidarities between natal families and daughters, on the one hand, and weak solidarities between affinal families and new daughters-in-law, on the other.